0
selected
-
1.
Effects and moderators of coping skills training on symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with cancer: Aggregate data and individual patient data meta-analyses.
Buffart, LM, Schreurs, MAC, Abrahams, HJG, Kalter, J, Aaronson, NK, Jacobsen, PB, Newton, RU, Courneya, KS, Armes, J, Arving, C, et al
Clinical psychology review. 2020;:101882
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated the effects of coping skills training (CST) on symptoms of depression and anxiety in cancer patients, and investigated moderators of the effects. METHODS Overall effects and intervention-related moderators were studied in meta-analyses of pooled aggregate data from 38 randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Patient-related moderators were examined using linear mixed-effect models with interaction tests on pooled individual patient data (n = 1953) from 15 of the RCTs. RESULTS CST had a statistically significant but small effect on depression (g = -0.31,95% confidence interval (CI) = -0.40;-0.22) and anxiety (g = -0.32,95%CI = -0.41;-0.24) symptoms. Effects on depression symptoms were significantly larger for interventions delivered face-to-face (p = .003), led by a psychologist (p = .02) and targeted to patients with psychological distress (p = .002). Significantly larger reductions in anxiety symptoms were found in younger patients (pinteraction < 0.025), with the largest reductions in patients <50 years (β = -0.31,95%CI = -0.44;-0.18) and no significant effects in patients ≥70 years. Effects of CST on depression (β = -0.16,95%CI = -0.25;-0.07) and anxiety (β = -0.24,95%CI = -0.33;-0.14) symptoms were significant in patients who received chemotherapy but not in patients who did not (pinteraction < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS CST significantly reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety in cancer patients, and particularly when delivered face-to-face, provided by a psychologist, targeted to patients with psychological distress, and given to patients who were younger and received chemotherapy.
-
2.
Keeping the Diet Simple and Natural in Chronic Kidney Disease: A South African-Based Dietary Infographic.
Ebrahim, Z, Esau, N, Cilliers, L
Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation. 2020;(4):e58-e65
-
3.
Eating Out for Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease.
Martin, T, Pringle, L
Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation. 2020;(1):e1-e4
-
4.
Impact of patient-centred diabetes self-management education targeting people with type 2 diabetes: an integrative review.
Olesen, K, Folmann Hempler, N, Drejer, S, Valeur Baumgarten, S, Stenov, V
Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association. 2020;(6):909-923
Abstract
AIMS: To synthesize primary research into the impact of person-centred diabetes self-management education, and support that targets people with type 2 diabetes, on behavioural, psychosocial and cardiometabolic outcomes and to identify effective mechanisms underlying positive outcomes of person-centred diabetes self-management education and support. METHODS Using Whittemore and Knafl's integrative review method, we conducted a systematic search of peer-reviewed literature published between January 2008 and June 2019 using PubMed, Scopus and CINAHL. After article selection according to established criteria, study quality was assessed using Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklists for cohort studies, randomized controlled trials and qualitative research. RESULTS From 1901 identified records, 22 (19 quantitative, two qualitative, and one mixed methods) were considered eligible for inclusion. Interventions were categorized by content, medium of delivery, and outcomes. Qualitative studies, quantitative cohort studies and randomized controlled trials demonstrated positive outcomes, with no differences in success rates across study design. Interventions were largely successful in improving HbA1c and patient-reported outcomes such as quality of life but had limited success in lowering cholesterol and weight, or initiating long-term improvements in lifestyle behaviours. Primary objectives were achieved more often than secondary objectives, and studies with fewer outcomes appeared more successful in achieving specific outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Person-centred diabetes self-management education and support has demonstrated a considerable impact on desired diabetes-related outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes. To advance the field further, new studies should take advantage of systematic and transparent approaches to person-centred diabetes self-management education.
-
5.
Role of Diabetes Education Program in Controlling Posttransplant Diabetes in a Recent Renal Transplant Bodybuilder: Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Othman, N, Gheith, O, Al-Otaibi, T, Abdou, H, Halim, MA, Mahmoud, T, Nair, P, Yagan, J, Maher, A, Dahab, M, et al
Experimental and clinical transplantation : official journal of the Middle East Society for Organ Transplantation. 2019;(Suppl 1):169-171
Abstract
Posttransplant diabetes is a common complication of solid-organ transplantation. We present the possible role of diabetes education in improvement of posttransplant diabetes in a 36-year-old bodybuilder who was a kidney transplant recipient. The patient had been abusing some medications to help in bodybuilding. He underwent living unrelated-donor renal transplant with thymoglobulin induction and was maintained on steroids, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil. Posttransplant diabetes was confirmed by blood tests. His blood sugar was partially controlled by 3 oral agents. The patient participated in our structured diabetes education program. This program was created to cover different items related to diabetes control, including diet, proper exercise, blood sugar monitoring, sick day management, and pathophysiologic roles of diabetes medications. Within 4 months of participation in this program, the patient's blood sugar became well controlled and his diabetes medications started to be minimized. He presently has stable graft function with hemoglobin A1c level around 5.6% on only diet management. Bodybuilders are at risk of deterioration of their kidney function. A proper diabetes education program is recommended to help renal transplant recipients with early posttransplant diabetes mellitus to control their disease. Success requires close evaluation and a multidisciplinary approach.
-
6.
Occupational therapy intervention addressing weight gain and obesity in people with severe mental illness: A scoping review.
Conn, A, Bourke, N, James, C, Haracz, K
Australian occupational therapy journal. 2019;(4):446-457
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals diagnosed with severe mental illness have higher rates of obesity than the general population due to a range of factors, including: medication side effects, poor nutrition and reduced physical activity. Obesity is associated with increased mortality and reduced quality of life. Evidence suggests that lifestyle interventions can be effective in addressing this issue. While such interventions would appear to fit within the scope of practice of occupational therapy, there is no publication synthesising the existing literature regarding occupational therapy interventions addressing lifestyle factors associated with obesity. AIM: To determine what is known from the existing literature about occupational therapy interventions addressing weight gain and obesity in adults diagnosed with severe mental illness. METHODS A scoping review was conducted. Searches were performed in online databases, occupational therapy journals and grey literature databases. Thematic analysis occurred across all articles included in the review. RESULTS A total of 14 articles were included in the review. Analysis revealed a central theme of supporting occupational performance and participation in health promoting occupations. This central theme consisted of four categories; facilitating client-centred practice, addressing personal performance issues, addressing environmental barriers and providing the 'just right' challenge. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest occupational therapists are providing occupation focused interventions that are aligned with current clinical guidelines. However, more research is required to strengthen evidence-based occupational therapy practice in this important area.
-
7.
Patient page-sarcoidosis imaging.
Bois, JP, Chareonthaitawee, P
Journal of nuclear cardiology : official publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology. 2019;(1):222-226
Abstract
Optimizing our imaging capabilities for patients with cardiac sarcoidosis is critical as it has diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications. 18FDG PET/CT has the highest sensitivity for the detection of CS but requires specific dietary preparation that is difficult for patients to follow which may lead to ineffective suppression of physiologic 18FDG uptake. This may result in inconclusive scan results in up to 30% of patients undergoing 18FDG PET/CT imaging for CS. Therefore, it is imperative that we relay to our patients the importance of dietary preparation for CS PET imaging and then provide simple, easy to follow instructions for them. The current patient protocol is designed to achieve these two objectives.
-
8.
Effects of Web-Based Educational Intervention on Self-Management in Kidney Recipients.
Çetin, Ç, Cebeci, F
Experimental and clinical transplantation : official journal of the Middle East Society for Organ Transplantation. 2018;(Suppl 1):117-118
Abstract
Information technology and the Internet are rapidly becoming effective tools for teaching. Selfmanagement skills are important for adaptation and long-term survival in kidney recipients. Web-based training may help patients develop self-management skills through information access. This literature review aimed to determine the effects of Web-based educational intervention on self-management in kidney recipients. The Internet supports effective health education intervention strategies by providing a learning environment that is always available. Medicine management, routine follow-up, awareness of the signs and symptoms of rejection, infection prevention, self-monitoring, physical activity, and nutrition are important during the posttransplant period. Another important component of achievement in related matters is the competence of individuals with their own self-management. Webbased training is beneficial for appointment follow-up, nutritional adaptation, and treatment of anxiety and depression. Web-based training allows kidney recipients to access information at any time and place; this information promotes proper self-management.
-
9.
Nutrition education in the care of patients with chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease.
Anderson, CAM, Nguyen, HA
Seminars in dialysis. 2018;(2):115-121
Abstract
Diet counseling and nutrition education are recommended in the prevention and management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The importance of effectively addressing nutrition with patients has grown given the increasing prevalence of obesity, hypertension, and diabetes; conditions which influence CKD/ESRD. Dietary advice for individuals with CKD/ESRD can be seen as complex; and successful dietary management requires careful planning, periodic assessment of nutritional status, as well as monitoring of dietary compliance. In spite of recommendations and pressing need, formal training in nutrition and adequate preparation for providers is limited; and for physicians the lack of nutrition education has been acknowledged, repeatedly, as an area for improvement in medical training curricula. It has also been suggested that dietitians have an essential role in management of CKD in the primary care setting; however, dietitians who do not practice renal education daily may need training on the specific challenges in CKD/ESRD. The objectives of this chapter were to: characterize select nutrition education resources for providers who care for patients with CKD/ESRD; summarize key dietary components emphasized in the care of patients with CKD/ESRD; and address practical considerations in educational efforts focused on nutrition and CKD/ESRD.
-
10.
The Role of Behavioral Medicine in the Treatment of Obesity in Primary Care.
Kahan, S, Wilson, DK, Sweeney, AM
The Medical clinics of North America. 2018;(1):125-133
Abstract
Behavioral medicine provides a framework for supporting patients to achieve changes in target health behaviors, such as dietary and physical activity changes. Behavioral medicine fits alongside traditional medical treatments, can minimize the need for more intensive medical treatments, improves outcomes of these treatments, and improves adherence to medication prescriptions or postsurgical recommendations. This article provides an overview of behavioral medicine counseling for obesity in primary care, rooted in the "5 As" approach to health behavior change, and the basic outline of behavioral skills interventions in which health care providers use self-regulatory and behavioral strategies to improve health-related behaviors among patients with obesity.