0
selected
-
1.
CONSENSUS STATEMENT BY THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGISTS AND AMERICAN COLLEGE OF ENDOCRINOLOGY ON THE COMPREHENSIVE TYPE 2 DIABETES MANAGEMENT ALGORITHM - 2018 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.
Garber, AJ, Abrahamson, MJ, Barzilay, JI, Blonde, L, Bloomgarden, ZT, Bush, MA, Dagogo-Jack, S, DeFronzo, RA, Einhorn, D, Fonseca, VA, et al
Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. 2018;(1):91-120
-
2.
Consensus on Insulin Dose Modification During Fasting in Type 2 Diabetes.
Unnikrishnan, AG, Lodha, S, Sharma, SK
The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India. 2017;(3 Suppl):7-15
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fasting for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) carries a risk of an assortment of complications. The decision of T2DM patient to fast should be made after sufficient discussion with physician regarding the risks involved. The current consensus is developed to help physicians manage T2DM patients during fasting. OBJECTIVE To provide simple and easily implementable guidelines on insulin dose modification during fasting in T2DM patients. METHODS The expert group committee discussed and proposed six recommendations for the use of insulin regimens during fasting. The recommendations were proposed on diet, exercise and categorization of risks during fast, breaking fast, dose modification of basal insulins, premix insulins and prandial insulins. All these recommendations were based on established guidelines and published scientific literature. These evidences were then factored into the national context based on the expert committee representative's patient-physician experience in their clinical practice and common therapeutic practices followed in India to successfully achieve optimal glucose control. The final consensus-based recommendations were proposed and collectively recorded for each insulin regimen. RESULTS Recommendations based on insulin dose modification during fasting in T2DM patients has been developed. Patients with diabetes, who fast are recommended to keep themselves hydrated, consume low glycaemic and high fibre food but, avoid sugary and caffeinated drinks along with fried foods. The main goal of insulin therapy during fasting is to provide adequate insulin to prevent post meal hyperglycaemia and prevent hypoglycaemia during fast. CONCLUSIONS We hope that the consensus based recommendations mentioned in this paper will be a useful reference tool for health care practitioners to initiate and intensify insulin therapy in T2DM patients in order to successfully complete fasting without much complication.
-
3.
Optimising the medical management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes in the Middle East: pivotal role of metformin.
Al-Maatouq, M, Al-Arouj, M, Assaad, SH, Assaad, SN, Azar, ST, Hassoun, AA, Jarrah, N, Zatari, S, Alberti, KG
International journal of clinical practice. 2010;(2):149-59
-
-
Free full text
-
Abstract
AIMS: Increases in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes will likely be greater in the Middle East and other developing countries than in most other regions during the coming two decades, placing a heavy burden on regional healthcare resources. METHODOLOGY Medline search, examination of data from major epidemiological studies in the Middle Eastern countries. RESULTS The aetiology and pathophysiology of diabetes appears comparable in Middle Eastern and other populations. Lifestyle intervention is key to the management of diabetes in all type 2 diabetes patients, who should be encouraged strongly to diet and exercise. The options for pharmacologic therapy in the management of diabetes have increased recently, particularly the number of potential antidiabetic combinations. Metformin appears to be used less frequently to initiate antidiabetic therapy in the Middle East than in other countries. Available clinical evidence, supported by current guidelines, strongly favours the initiation of antidiabetic therapy with metformin in Middle Eastern type 2 diabetes patients, where no contraindications exist. This is due to its equivalent or greater efficacy relative to other oral antidiabetic treatments, its proven tolerability and safety profiles, its weight neutrality, the lack of clinically significant hypoglycaemia, the demonstration of cardiovascular protection for metformin relative to diet in the UK Prospective Diabetes Study and in observational studies, and its low cost. Additional treatments should be added to metformin and lifestyle intervention as diabetes progresses, until patients are receiving an intensive insulin regimen with or without additional oral agents. CONCLUSIONS The current evidence base strongly favours the initiation of antidiabetic therapy with metformin, where no contraindications exist. However, metformin may be under-prescribed in the Middle East.
-
4.
European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: full text. Fourth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and other societies on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts).
Graham, I, Atar, D, Borch-Johnsen, K, Boysen, G, Burell, G, Cifkova, R, Dallongeville, J, De Backer, G, Ebrahim, S, Gjelsvik, B, et al
European journal of cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation : official journal of the European Society of Cardiology, Working Groups on Epidemiology & Prevention and Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology. 2007;:S1-113
-
5.
European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: executive summary. Fourth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and other societies on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts).
Graham, I, Atar, D, Borch-Johnsen, K, Boysen, G, Burell, G, Cifkova, R, Dallongeville, J, De Backer, G, Ebrahim, S, Gjelsvik, B, et al
European journal of cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation : official journal of the European Society of Cardiology, Working Groups on Epidemiology & Prevention and Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology. 2007;:E1-40
-
6.
Management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes: a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy. A consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes.
Nathan, DM, Buse, JB, Davidson, MB, Heine, RJ, Holman, RR, Sherwin, R, Zinman, B, , , ,
Diabetologia. 2006;(8):1711-21