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Positive Effects of Practical Nutrition Lessons in a Primary School Setting with a High Proportion of Migrant School Children.
Weber, KS, Eitner, J, Dauben, L, Spörkel, O, Strassburger, K, Sommer, J, Kaiser, B, Buyken, AE, Kronsbein, P, Müssig, K
Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association. 2020;(2):111-118
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with migration background are at increased risk for overweight, partly due to less favorable dietary habits compared to their German counterparts. We examined the effects of practical nutrition lessons among children with a high proportion of migration background in a primary school setting. METHODS Ten 3rd and 4th grade classes (n=166 children, 73% with migration background) received the intervention and nine school classes (n=139 children, 76% with migration background) served as control. Before, shortly after (only among the intervention group) and three months after the three-day practical nutrition lessons, the nutrition-related skills, behavior, attitudes, and knowledge of the children were assessed using a questionnaire. Changes between baseline and 1st follow-up among children of the intervention group were calculated using linear mixed models. Differences between the two groups for changes between baseline and 2nd follow-up were tested using linear regression analyses. Models were adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS Shortly after the practical nutrition lessons, the children of the intervention group had improved their knowledge (β=1.7; 95% CI: 1.0; 2.4, P<0.001) and skills (β=1.8; 95% CI: 1.4; 2.2, P<0.001). These changes were sustainable and larger in the intervention compared to the control group (knowledge: β=1.6; 95% CI: 0.7; 2.5, P<0.001; skills: β=1.3; 95% CI: 0.7; 1.9, P<0.001). Changes in nutrition-related behavior and attitudes did not differ between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Providing practical nutrition lessons in a primary school setting with a high proportion of children with immigrational background improved the children's nutrition-related knowledge and skills.
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[Effects of Spouse-Participated Health Coaching for Male Office Workers with Cardiocerebrovascular Risk Factors].
Kang, SH, Hwang, SY
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 2019;(6):748-759
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine the effect of spouses participating in health coaching on stage of the change, health behaviors, and physiological indicators among male office workers with cardiocerebrovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and compare the findings with trainers who provided health coaching only to workers. METHODS A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design was used. Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants from a manufacturing research and development company in the city of Gyeonggi province. The health coaching program for the experimental group (n=26) included individual counseling sessions according to workers' stage of change, and provision of customized health information materials on CVD prevention to workers and their spouses for 12 weeks through mobile phone and email. RESULTS After 12 weeks of intervention, the total score for health behavior, and scores on the sub-areas of exercise and health checkups significantly improved in the experimental group, but there were no significant differences in the scores of stage of the change and physical indicators. The results of a paired t-test showed a significant decrease in the body mass index, abdominal circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol and triglyceride values, and a significant increase in the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol value in the experimental group after the intervention. CONCLUSION To improve the health of male workers with CVD risk factors in the workplace, sharing health information with their spouses has proven to be more effective than health coaching for only workers. Therefore, it is important to develop strategies to encourage spousal participation when planning workplace health education for changing health-related behaviors.
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Pilot assessment of two disordered eating prevention programs. Preliminary findings on maladaptive beliefs related to eating disorders.
Mora, M, Penelo, E, Rosés, R, González, ML, Espinoza, P, Deví, J, Raich, RM
Eating behaviors. 2017;:51-57
Abstract
AIMS: As eating disorders have severe consequences, they require prevention. We aimed to compare maladaptive beliefs related to eating disorders by following two programs based on media literacy in adolescents at post-test intervention, and after 6 and 12month-follow-ups. The Male and Female Nutrition and Media Literacy Model preventive program (NUT+MEF+MEM+ML in Spanish) and the Theater Alive program are both based on the same contents, the former being presented in a multimedia and interactive format and the latter in a drama format. Both were compared to a control group without intervention, whose participants received usual classes before the assessments. METHOD Participants were 178 adolescents in the second year of compulsory secondary education from fours schools of Terrassa (Catalonia, Spain). All participants in each school were assigned to the same group, depending on school schedules. A mixed 3 (group: Theater Alive, NUT+MEF+MEM+ML, control)×3 (time: post-test, 6-month-follow-up, 12-month-follow-up) factorial design was used to evaluate the effect on maladaptive beliefs measured using a CE-TCA tool. RESULTS When compared to the control group, both Theater Alive (d=0.88) and NUT+MEM+MEF+ML (d=0.60) obtained lower scores over time, the latter being not statistically significant. DISCUSSION The Theater Alive program may produce an effect of cognitive dissonance that might eliminate the discrepancy between the contents of the play and those that are internalized, thus modifying maladaptive beliefs. Participants in the Theater Alive program, as actors in front of an audience, had to defend certain content that was rehearsed over and over again to the point until it became internalized.
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iStart smart: a primary-care based and community partnered childhood obesity management program for Chinese-American children: feasibility study.
Chen, JL, Kwan, M, Mac, A, Chin, NC, Liu, K
Journal of immigrant and minority health. 2013;(6):1125-8
Abstract
Children who are ethnic minorities, low income and live in urban neighborhoods are at higher risk for obesity. This study examined the feasibility and efficacy of a primary care-based and community partnered obesity intervention in Chinese American children. An experimental design with a historical comparison group was used to explore the feasibility of an obesity intervention for overweight Chinese American children, ages 7-12. Data were collected on weight, height, blood pressure, waist circumference, physical activity, food intake, knowledge, and self-efficacy about diet and physical activity at baseline, 2 months, and 6 months post-baseline. Significant improvements in BMI, blood pressure, and nutrition knowledge and self-efficacy were found in the intervention group. Intervention group reduced their BMI compared to the comparison group (F = 8.65, p = .004). An obesity intervention in primary care setting is feasible and demonstrates a short-term effect on weight loss in Chinese American children.
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Cancer awareness changes after an educational intervention among undergraduate students.
Hwang, LL
Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education. 2013;(2):247-53
Abstract
The objectives of this study are to assess undergraduate awareness of cancer risk factors, prevention strategies, and warning signs and to evaluate whether an educational intervention increases cancer awareness. This study adopts a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Of the 386 students who completed the pretest, only 35-39 % identified low fruit and vegetable intake, being overweight, and physical inactivity as cancer risk factors, and <30 % recognized persistent changes in bowel or bladder habits and persistent cough or hoarseness as cancer warning signs. After the educational intervention, the analysis of variance of changes from baseline (the pretest score) for all four experimental groups were all significantly higher than those of the two control groups (p ≤.001), except for the change of the retention test score from the pretest score for experimental group 3. This study highlights the need to improve undergraduates' cancer awareness and the effectiveness of educational intervention.
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Dietary intervention with cooking instructions and self-monitoring of the diet in free-living hypertensive men.
Kitaoka, K, Nagaoka, J, Matsuoka, T, Shigemura, C, Harada, K, Aoi, W, Wada, S, Asano, H, Sakane, N, Higashi, A
Clinical and experimental hypertension (New York, N.Y. : 1993). 2013;(2):120-7
Abstract
The control of blood pressure (BP) is important in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a dietary educational program for free-living, high-normal, and stage 1 or 2 hypertensive men. The participants were volunteers aged 40-75 years who agreed to the intervention. They were divided into two groups: 39 men for the intervention group and 32 men for the control group. BP, urinary sodium and potassium excretion, dietary and lifestyle data, and nonfasting venous blood sample were collected at baseline and after the intervention period. The intervention was designed to decrease sodium level with an emphasis on a decrease in the consumption of salted foods and to increase potassium level with an emphasis on an increase in the consumption of fruit and vegetables through cooking instructions and self-monitoring of the diet. At the baseline, there were no significant differences observed between the groups, except the diastolic BP. In the intervention group, a greater decrease in the urinary sodium-to-potassium excretion ratio was observed, compared with the control group (net difference 0.6, P = .029). The systolic and diastolic BP (mm Hg) decreased in the intervention group (149.0-143.0, P = .073; 93.0-87.0, P = .002), but no changes were observed in the control group (145.0-143.0, P = .231; 84.9-85.3, P = .381). In the intervention group, the urinary sodium-to-potassium excretion ratio was significantly improved by focusing on cooking instructions and self-monitoring of the diet.
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Interdisciplinary intervention in obese children and impact on health and quality of life.
Poeta, LS, Duarte, Mde F, Giuliano, Ide C, Mota, J
Jornal de pediatria. 2013;(5):499-504
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To verify the effects of an intervention program including physical exercise and recreational activities, as well as nutritional counseling, on the health-related quality of life of obese children. METHODS This was a controlled clinical trial. The initial study population included children aged eight to 11 years with a body mass index (BMI) > 97th percentile for age and gender, according to the criteria of the World Health Organization, totaling 44 children matched by gender and age, as case (n = 22) and control groups (n = 22). BMI and self-reported health-related quality of life by Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory were measured before and after 12 weeks of intervention (three times weekly). The control group did not participate in the intervention. RESULTS Thirty-two children completed the study (16 in each group). The case group showed significant reduction in BMI (p = 0.001) and improved quality of life in the physical (p = 0.001), emotional (p = 0.014), social (p = 0.004), and psychosocial (p = 0.002) domains, as well as in overall quality of life (p = 0.001), which was not observed in the control group. CONCLUSION The program was effective in improving the health and quality of life of obese children.
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Increasing knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors among African Americans by use of community health workers: the ABCD community intervention pilot project.
Daniels, EC, Powe, BD, Metoyer, T, McCray, G, Baltrus, P, Rust, GS
Journal of the National Medical Association. 2012;(3-4):179-85
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Abstract
African Americans have higher rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and poorer outcomes compared to others. The American Diabetes Association and the National Diabetes Education Program have promoted use of the ABC approach (glycated hemoglobin A1c, blood pressure, cholesterol) for identifying and controlling the leading indicators of CVD risk. In the present study, researchers added a D factor, for depression, because this disorder is common and also predictive of CVD risk and of control of diabetes. Particularly among low-income African Americans, depression is frequently not targeted or treated. The current study tests the effectiveness of recruiting African Americans in churches and training community health workers (CHWs) to educate their peers about CVD and risk reduction. For the intervention group, CHWs participated in a 16-hour training session and delivered a 6-week tailored educational program with counseling sessions and demonstrations. The control group received a weekly lecture by clinical experts. The CHW active-learning intervention was more effective than lectures by clinical experts in increasing the knowledge of CVD risk. The only significant difference in clinical measures reflected a worsening of HbA1c levels in the control group; the CHW intervention group showed a slight improvement. Participants also learned self-management skills, such as taking blood pressure, measuring glucose, and reading labels. Nevertheless, more longitudinal research and a larger sample size are needed to confirm the impact of CHWs in community settings to change factors associated with CVD risk.
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Nurse-led empowerment strategies for hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome.
Chang, AK, Fritschi, C, Kim, MJ
Contemporary nurse. 2012;(1):118-28
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to compare the effect of a nurse-led empowerment-based intervention to that of standard care on metabolic syndrome risk factors, self-management behaviors, and walking activity in Korean hypertensive patients. METHODS Using a quasi-experimental design, patients participated in an experimental group (N = 30) or control group (N = 22). The experimental group received eight weekly empowerment sessions, including lifestyle modification education, empowerment group discussions, and exercise training, while the control group received standard hypertension care. RESULTS The experimental group had significantly improved metabolic syndrome symptoms and prevalence, empowerment scores, self-management behaviors, and walking (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study suggest that, in Korean hypertensive patients, empowerment interventions are more effective than standard care in improving metabolic syndrome risk factors, empowerment, self-management behaviors, and walking.
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Childhood obesity study: a pilot study of the effect of the nutrition education program Color My Pyramid.
Moore, JB, Pawloski, LR, Goldberg, P, Kyeung, MO, Stoehr, A, Baghi, H
The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses. 2009;(3):230-9
Abstract
The need for successful nutrition interventions is critical as the prevalence of childhood obesity increases. Thus, this pilot project examines the effect of a nutrition education program, Color My Pyramid, on children's nutrition knowledge, self-care practices, activity levels, and nutrition status. Using a pretest-posttest, quasiexperimental design, 126 fourth- and fifth-grade students from experimental and control schools are compared. The intervention program incorporates an online component www.MyPyramid.gov, Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory, and consists of six classes taught over a 3-month period. Results indicated that the program increased nutrition knowledge in the control group. Furthermore, it increased activity time from pretest to posttest and decreased systolic blood pressure for children in both groups; however, there were no significant differences in BMI percentiles. The findings indicate that Color My Pyramid can be successfully employed in school settings and thus support school nursing practice.