1.
Fat-to-muscle Ratio: A New Indicator for Coronary Artery Disease in Healthy Adults.
Eun, Y, Lee, SN, Song, SW, Kim, HN, Kim, SH, Lee, YA, Kang, SG, Rho, JS, Yoo, KD
International journal of medical sciences. 2021;(16):3738-3743
Abstract
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is an important issue in public health. Previous studies have shown that the ratio of fat to muscle mass is a significant predictor of metabolic disease, and it is known to be associated with atherosclerosis. In this study, we evaluated the association between the fat-to-muscle ratio (FMR) and CAD in healthy adults. Methods: A total of 617 participants without diabetes mellitus, hypertension, known CAD, or stroke who visited the Health Promotion Center from 2009 to 2018 were included in this study. Computed tomography imaging and bioelectrical impedance analysis were used to ascertain the coronary artery calcium (CAC) score, degree of CAD, and FMR. Results: Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that old age, male sex, smoking history, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, uric acid, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly associated with CAC. After adjusting for potential confounding covariates, the presence of CAC was independently associated with FMR (OR, 1.014; 95% CI, 1.002-1.026; p = 0.019. The association was maintained even after adjusting for body mass index and waist circumference (odds ratio, 1.019; 95% confidence interval, 1.004 -1.034; P = 0.012). Conclusion: In this study, a high FMR was significantly associated with CAC. A large-scale prospective study on the association with FMR and cardiovascular diseases is necessary to confirm this relationship.
2.
Guanidinoacetate-Creatine Supplementation Improves Functional Performance and Muscle and Brain Bioenergetics in the Elderly: A Pilot Study.
Seper, V, Korovljev, D, Todorovic, N, Stajer, V, Ostojic, J, Nesic, N, Ostojic, SM
Annals of nutrition & metabolism. 2021;(4):244-247
3.
Effects of atazanavir, darunavir, and raltegravir on fat and muscle among persons living with HIV.
Adrian, S, Miao, H, Feng, H, Scherzinger, A, Nardini, G, Beghetto, B, Roncaglia, E, Ligabue, G, Milic, J, Guaraldi, G, et al
HIV research & clinical practice. 2020;(4):91-98
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is associated with gain in quantity of fat and muscle, but the impact on quality is less understood. The objective of this study was to compare fat and muscle density among people with HIV (PWH) on stable raltegravir (RAL), atazanavir with ritonavir (ATV/r), or darunavir with ritonavir (DRV/r), and explore implications on muscle function. METHODS Participants from the Modena HIV Metabolic Clinic taking RAL, ATV/r, or DRV/r with at least 1 computed tomography (CT) scan were included. CT scans were reanalyzed for area and density of truncal fat and musculature. Multivariate models explored the effect of ART on fat and muscle density. RESULTS One hundred six participants were receiving ATV/r, 48 DRV/r, and 141 RAL. In multivariate models (reference ATV/r), only DRV/r was associated with greater subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area, lower lateralis muscle density (more fat), and greater lateralis intermuscular fat area. Compared to ATV/r, RAL was independently associated with less psoas intermuscular fat area. Among all, greater paraspinal muscle density correlated with better physical function. No associations between ART group and physical function were seen among men; DRV/r was associated with stronger grip strength among women. CONCLUSION DRV/r was associated with greater fat area and lower density of both fat and muscle, and RAL with less intermuscular psoas fat. Higher density psoas and paraspinal musculature were associated with better physical function, suggesting potential clinical relevance of these findings.