Dietary patterns and Helicobacter pylori infection in a group of Chinese adults ages between 45 and 59 years old: An observational study.

Medicine. 2019;98(2):e14113

Plain language summary

Research has shown that diet plays an important role in the development of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection, a major cause of many digestive diseases. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and H pylori infection in a Chinese population aged 45-59. Dietary patterns among 3014 adults were assessed through a food frequency questionnaire and diet patterns were categorised as either health-conscious, Western, grains-vegetables and high salt. A breath test was used to diagnose H pylori infection and the prevalence among the entire test population was 27.5%. This study found that among this population, the grains-vegetables pattern was associated with a decreased risk of H pylori infection whereas the high salt pattern was associated with an increased risk. The authors suggest these findings be confirmed through further prospective studies and include a wider cohort that is more indicative of the general population.

Abstract

Limited studies have reported the association between dietary patterns and the risk of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between dietary patterns and H pylori infection in a Chinese population ages from 45 to 59 years. We performed a cross-sectional examination of the associations between dietary patterns and H pylori infection in 3014 Chinese adults ages between 45 and 59 years from Hangzhou city, Zhejiang province, China. Dietary intake was assessed through a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). H pylori infection was diagnosed using the C-urea breath test. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of H pylori infection. The prevalence of H pylori infection was 27.5%. Four major dietary patterns were identified by means of factor analysis: health-conscious, Western, grains-vegetables and high-salt patterns. After adjustment for the potential confounders, participants in the highest quartile of the "grains-vegetables" pattern scores had a lower odds ratio (OR) for H pylori infection (OR = 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.732-0.973; P = .04) than did those in the lowest quartile. Compared with those in the lowest quartile, participants in the highest quartile of the "high-salt" pattern scores had a greater OR for H pylori infection (OR = 1.13; 95%CI: 1.004-1.139; P = .048). Besides, no significant associations were found between the "health-conscious" and "Western" dietary patterns and the risk of H pylori infection.Our findings demonstrate that the "grains-vegetables" pattern is associated with a decreased risk, while "high-salt" pattern is associated with an increased risk of H pylori infection.

Lifestyle medicine

Patient Centred Factors : Mediators/Dietary pattern
Environmental Inputs : Diet ; Microorganisms
Personal Lifestyle Factors : Nutrition
Functional Laboratory Testing : Breath
Bioactive Substances : Helicobacter pylori

Methodological quality

Allocation concealment : Not applicable
Publication Type : Journal Article ; Observational Study

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