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Risk of COVID 19 in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases compared to a control population.

Gastroenterology Unit, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L.Sacco" University of Milan, Italy. Electronic address: giovanni.maconi@unimi.it. Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy. Gastroenterology Unit, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L.Sacco" University of Milan, Italy. Department of Gastroenterology, Monash Health. Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. Gastroenterology Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Lombardia, Italy. Gastroenterology Unit, Rho Hospital, Rho (MI), ASST Rhodense, Garbagnate Milanese, Italy. Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Division of Gastroenterology, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy. Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Units, Bergamo, Italy. Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Maggiore Hospital, ASST Crema, Crema, Italy. Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Codogno Hospital, Italy. Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. I Division of Infectious Diseases, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, L. Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy. III Division of Infectious Diseases, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Italy.

Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver. 2021;(3):263-270
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Abstract

BACKGROUND It is unclear whether patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of COVID-19. OBJECTIVES This observational study compared the prevalence of COVID-19 symptoms, diagnosis and hospitalization in IBD patients with a control population with non-inflammatory bowel disorders. METHODS This multicentre study, included 2733 outpatients (1397 IBD patients and 1336 controls), from eight major gastrointestinal centres in Lombardy, Italy. Patients were invited to complete a web-based questionnaire regarding demographic, historical and clinical features over the previous 6 weeks. The prevalence of COVID-19 symptoms, diagnosis and hospitalization for COVID-19 was assessed. RESULTS 1810 patients (64%) responded to the questionnaire (941 IBD patients and 869 controls). IBD patients were significantly younger and of male sex than controls. NSAID use and smoking were more frequent in controls. IBD patients were more likely treated with vitamin-D and vaccinated for influenza. Highly probable COVID-19 on the basis of symptoms and signs was less frequent in the IBD group (3.8% vs 6.3%; OR:0.45, 95%CI:0.28-0.75). IBD patients had a lower rate of nasopharyngeal swab-PCR confirmed diagnosis (0.2% vs 1.2%; OR:0.14, 95%CI:0.03-0.67). There was no difference in hospitalization between the groups (0.1% vs 0.6%; OR:0.14, 95%CI:0.02-1.17). CONCLUSION IBD patients do not have an increased risk of COVID-19 specific symptoms or more severe disease compared with a control group of gastroenterology patients.

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Publication Type : Observational Study

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