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The Effect of Continuous Ventilation on Thiol-Disulphide Homeostasis and Albumin-Adjusted Ischemia-Modified Albumin During Cardiopulmonary Bypass.
Ozgunay, SE, Ozsin, KK, Ustundag, Y, Karasu, D, Ozyaprak, B, Balcı, B, Erel, O, Yavuz, S
Brazilian journal of cardiovascular surgery. 2019;(4):436-443
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of continuous lung ventilation with low tidal volume on oxidation parameters, such as thiol/disulphide homeostasis and albumin-adjusted ischemia-modified albumin (AAIMA), during cardiopulmonary bypass (CBP) in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). METHODS Seventy-four patients who underwent elective CABG with CPB were included in the study. Blood samples were taken in the preoperative period, 10 minutes after CPB, and six and 24 hours postoperatively. Patients were assigned to the continuous ventilation group (Group 1, n=37) and the non-ventilated group (Group 2, n=37). The clinical characteristics, thiol/disulphide homeostasis, ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), and AAIMA levels of the patients were compared. RESULTS A significant difference was found between the groups regarding native thiol, total thiol, and IMA levels at the postoperative 24th hour (P=0.030, P=0.031, and P=0.004, respectively). There was no difference between the groups in terms of AAIMA. AAIMA levels returned to preoperative levels in Groups 1 and 2, at the 6th and 24th postoperative hours, respectively. Length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in Group 1 (P<0.001) than in Group 2. CONCLUSION Continuous ventilation during CPB caused an increase in native and total thiol levels, an earlier return of AAIMA levels, and shorter hospital stay. Continuous ventilation may reduce the negative effects of CPB on myocardium (Table 2, Figure 1, and Reference 31).
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The Effect of Different Intraabdominal Pressures on Thiol/Disulfide Homeostasis in Children Who Underwent Ambulatory Laparoscopic Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Study.
Ozgunay, SE, Ustundag, Y, Karasu, D, Uguz, I, Erel, O, Korfali, G, Kaya, M
Journal of laparoendoscopic & advanced surgical techniques. Part A. 2018;(9):1142-1147
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thiol/disulfide homeostasis is a significant parameter in determining the oxidative stress response after ischemia and reperfusion. We aimed to investigate the effects of applying different intraabdominal pressure (IAP) on thiol/disulfide homeostasis, ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels, and hemodynamics in pediatric laparoscopic surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood samples were collected from 36 pediatric patients who were planned to undergo laparoscopic surgery for nonpalpable testis or varicocele under general anesthesia, immediately after intubation as the baseline and 5 minutes after abdominal desufflation for determining the thiol/disulfide, and IMA levels. The patients were divided into two groups; group 1 received a pneumoperitoneum pressure of 8 mm Hg (n = 18), and group 2 received 12 mm Hg (n = 18). The clinical characteristics and thiol/disulfide homeostasis and IMA levels of the patients were compared. RESULTS No difference was detected regarding the clinical features between the groups. The comparison after intubation and after desufflation in group 1 demonstrated lower native thiol (453 ± 67 versus 422 ± 57 μmol/L, P = .059) and total thiol (497 ± 73 versus 466 ± 62 μmol/L, P = .061) levels, which was statistically insignificant. The serum native thiol level was found lower than baseline in group 2 where a 12 mm Hg IAP was applied, this difference was not statistically significant (429 ± 47 versus 412 ± 53 μmol/L, P = .078). The comparison of serum IMA levels after desufflation with the baseline (0.505 ± 0.018 versus 0.632 ± 0.022) in group 2 was found statistically significantly high (P = .031). The comparison of the perioperative heart rate and SpO2 levels with before induction was found statistically insignificant. CONCLUSIONS Neither of 8 nor 12 mm Hg IAPs in pediatric laparoscopic surgery caused any changes in novel indicators of thiol/disulfide homeostasis parameters; however, 12 mm Hg IAP increased the levels of IMA.
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3.
Is early cord clamping, delayed cord clamping or cord milking best?
Vatansever, B, Demirel, G, Ciler Eren, E, Erel, O, Neselioglu, S, Karavar, HN, Gundogdu, S, Ulfer, G, Bahadir, S, Tastekin, A
The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians. 2018;(7):877-880
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the antioxidant status of three cord clamping procedures (early clamping, delayed clamping and milking) by analyzing the thiol-disulfide balance. PATIENTS AND METHODS This randomized controlled study enrolled 189 term infants who were divided into three groups according to the cord clamping procedure: early clamping, delayed clamping and milking. Blood samples were collected from the umbilical arteries immediately after clamping, and the thiol/disulfide homeostasis was analyzed. RESULTS The native and total thiol levels were significantly (p < .05) lower in the early cord clamping group compared with the other two groups. The disulfide/total thiol ratio was significantly (p = .026) lower in the delayed cord clamping and milking groups compared with the early clamping groups. Early cord clamping causes the production of more disulfide bonds and lower thiol levels, indicating that oxidation reactions are increased in the early cord clamping procedure compared with the delayed cord clamping and milking procedures. CONCLUSION The oxidant capacity is greater with early cord clamping than with delayed clamping or cord milking. Delayed cord clamping or milking are beneficial in neonatal care, and we suggest that they be performed routinely in all deliveries.
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Therapeutic effects of acetylspiramycin and garlicin on cryptosporidiosis among drug users.
Huang, MZ, Li, J, Guan, L, Li, DQ, Nie, XM, Gui, R, Chen, X
International journal for parasitology. Drugs and drug resistance. 2015;(3):185-90
Abstract
Cryptosporidiosis affects humans of all ages, particularly malnourished children and those with compromised immune systems such as HIV/AIDS. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of acetylspiramycin and garlicin on Cryptosporidium infection in institutionalized male drug users receiving rehabilitative treatment. Examination of stool specimens from 903 drug users via modified acid-fast bacilli staining resulted in 172 positive cases. Among them 151 subjects consented to participate in a randomized trial of acetylspiramycin and garlicin in four groups: acetylspiramycin plus garlicin, acetylspiramycin only, garlicin only, and placebo control. The cryptosporidiosis rate was higher in younger subjects with longer drug use history than subjects who are older with shorter history of drug use. After two segments of treatments, 76.2% of the cases achieved negative test results, with the four groups achieving the rates of 92.1%, 76.7%, 72.2%, and 61.8%, respectively (χ(2) = 9.517, P = 0.023). These results indicate clinical potential of garlicin in conjunction with acetylspiramycin in treating cryptosporidiosis.
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Effects of acute and chronic exercise on disulfide-linked growth hormone variants.
Pierce, JR, Tuckow, AP, Alemany, JA, Rarick, KR, Staab, JS, Harman, EA, Nindl, BC
Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 2009;(3):581-7
Abstract
PURPOSE To test the hypothesis that the appearance of disulfide-linked growth hormone (GH) aggregates during and after an acute resistance exercise test (ARET) in men could be influenced by chronic physical training. METHODS Fourteen men (28 +/- 1 yr) underwent two different 8-wk physical training programs designed to improve military performance. Before and after chronic training, subjects performed an ARET (six sets of 10 repetition-maximum squat) and had venous blood drawn pre-, mid-, and post-ARET (0, 15, and 30 min postexercise). To determine whether GH molecules were disulfide-linked, serum samples were chemically reduced via glutathione (GSH). Serum immunoreactive GH (IRGH) and immunofunctional GH (IFGH) concentrations were determined using two specific immunoassays, in nonreduced (-GSH) and reduced (+GSH) states. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA. RESULTS No differences were observed in the GH responses of the two training programs; therefore, training group data were combined for analysis. GSH reduction increased the mean GH signal (-GSH: 1.4 +/- 0.3 microg x L(-1) vs +GSH: 1.7 +/- 0.3 microg x L(-1); P < 0.01) only when quantifying IRGH. Post hoc testing indicated that serum contained IRGH disulfide-linked GH aggregates at the mid, 0-, 15-, and 30-min posttime points of the ARET (P < 0.01), whereas GSH reduction did not affect IFGH concentrations. Chronic physical training had no effect on the ARET-induced GH response. CONCLUSION Acute resistance exercise leads to the appearance of disulfide-linked IRGH aggregates, and this response does not appear to be affected by 8 wk of chronic physical training. The physiological significance of increased proportions of disulfide-linked GH aggregates postexercise remains uncertain; however, structural alterations in GH moieties after acute exercise may represent important regulatory steps in mediating GH biological activity at selected target tissues.
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6.
Clinical study on effect of Garlicin in stabilizing the carotid artery atherosclerotic plaque in patients with primary hypertension and coronary artery disease.
Cheng, WL, Ke, YN, Shi, ZX, Wang, Y, Chen, L, Ju, G, Fan, SY
Chinese journal of integrative medicine. 2006;(3):166-70
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of garlicin in treating carotid artery atherosclerotic plaque (CAAP) in patients with primary hypertension and coronary heart disease (PHT-CHD). METHODS Seventy-nine patients with PHT-CHD were randomly divided into the treated group (39 patients) treated with garlicin and fosinopril and the control group (40 patients) treated with fosinopril alone. The change of CAAP was evaluated by high frequency ultrasonic examination every six months, and the changes of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured by ELISA, with the observation proceeding for 52 weeks totally. RESULTS By the end of the experiment, the number of complex plaques, Crouse integrals, intima-media thickness, serum ICAM-1 and hs-CRP were significantly lower in the treated group than those in the control group with significant difference (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Garlicin could stabilize CAAP to a certain extent and shows a definite vascular protective effect in patients with PHT-CHD.
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7.
A clinical investigation on garlicin injectio for treatment of unstable angina pectoris and its actions on plasma endothelin and blood sugar levels.
Li, G, Shi, Z, Jia, H, Ju, J, Wang, X, Xia, Z, Qin, L, Ge, C, Xu, Y, Cheng, L, et al
Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan. 2000;(4):243-6
Abstract
To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of garlicin for treatment of unstable angina pectoris (UAP), garlicin injectio was intravenously dripped 60 mg/day in 34 cases for 10 days. Nitroglycerine was used in 21 cases of the control group. The results showed that the total effective rates in improving symptoms and electrocardiogram after garlicin treatment were respectively 82% and 62%, and that the plasma endothelin and blood sugar levels were markedly lowered in cases with hyperglycemia.