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1.
Beyond survival: Practical wellness tips during the 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic.
Maniuk, T, Mok, G, Schouela, N, Thurgur, L, Ho, M, Fischer, L, Syed, S
CJEM. 2020;(5):579-583
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2.
Health Issues Among Healthcare Workers During COVID-19 Pandemic: a Psychosomatic Approach.
Widjaja, FF, Shatri, H, Putranto, R
Acta medica Indonesiana. 2020;(2):172-176
Abstract
Healthcare workers as the front-liner to fight COVID-19 pandemic, need reassurance of their safety. The stress and the demands from the healthcare system can affect their health as well as the morality. Hence, psychosomatic approach should be used to keep their condition in good shape. The combination between biological, psychological, and social approaches may affect their vulnerability from SARS-CoV-2 infection. The biological aspect includes personal protective equipment, nutrition, and resting/sleeping time. The psychological distress is shown to affect the immune system; and mental relaxation and management of work shift may reduce the distress. There should be an effort from the stakeholders to keep the morality of the healthcare workers. The social aspect such as providing place to live, having supportive family members, and avoiding stigmatization also improve their psychological health. In conclusion, psychosomatic approach is important to keep the healthcare workers healthy.
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3.
The influences of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical service behaviors.
Chang, WH
Taiwanese journal of obstetrics & gynecology. 2020;(6):821-827
Abstract
The outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has greatly impacted medical services worldwide. In addition to changing the processes used by hospital medical services, it has also changed the behaviors of medical staff, resulting in a completely different appearance. Fear of being infected with COVID-19 makes patients fear entering hospitals, and hospitals must repeatedly screen patients prior to entry in order to confirm that they are not infected. Patients are then separated according to their symptoms and travel, occupation, contact and cluster histories (TOCC), which seriously affects them. In addition, hospitals have invested a lot of money into the whole visiting process and into the equipment required to prevent the spread or lessen the impact of COVID-19.
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4.
Strategies to Fill the Gaps in Nutrition Education for Health Professionals through Continuing Medical Education.
Johnston, E, Mathews, T, Aspry, K, Aggarwal, M, Gianos, E
Current atherosclerosis reports. 2019;(4):13
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Recent studies have documented that diet quality in the US is poor and linked to higher rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD), other non-communicable diseases, and total mortality. As a result, nutrition counseling in clinical practice is an evidence-based strategy endorsed by numerous stakeholders. However, medical nutrition education (MNE) in the US has been inadequate, and physician knowledge, competencies, and practices related to diet counseling have been documented to be insufficient. National scientific meetings and conferences offer opportunities to translate new scientific evidence, guidelines, and competencies to clinicians in attendance and to publicize this evidence widely. This review assessed the adequacy of, and trends in, nutrition education provided at recent major US scientific meetings that offer continuing medical education (CME), with a focus on CVD-related conferences. RECENT FINDINGS The authors found no reviews that have assessed the scope and type of nutrition-related educational programming at major conferences. We therefore investigated nutrition-related programming at CVD-related CME conferences in the US from 2013 to 2018. National scientific CVD-related conferences in the USA have offered variable amounts of programming related to practical applications of nutrition science. We did not observe an increase in nutrition-related offerings, despite the increase in diet-related diseases and the growing evidence base for the role of nutrition in the prevention and management of chronic disease. Increasing nutrition-related CME programming at national scientific meetings can lead to greater translation of nutrition evidence to patients by healthcare providers and improved health outcomes in the population.
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5.
A realist review of infant feeding counselling to increase exclusive breastfeeding by HIV-positive women in sub Saharan-Africa: what works for whom and in what contexts.
Nyoni, S, Sweet, L, Clark, J, Ward, P
BMC public health. 2019;(1):570
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most recent World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and infant feeding promotes exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in resource limited settings for the prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV. Literature reveals poor uptake of WHO feeding guidelines, with mixed feeding being a regular practice. In light of the limited success in EBF promotion, a realist review was conducted, analysing the use of feeding counselling to increase exclusive breastfeeding by HIV-positive women in sub Saharan-Africa, where the majority of HIV childhood infections occur. We considered what mechanisms were at play, for whom and in what circumstances they led to exclusive breastfeeding. METHODS Because infant feeding counselling is a complex social intervention with a non-linear causal pathway for preventing mother to child HIV transmission, a realist methodology was chosen for this study. Using Pawson's five stage sequence for conducting realist reviews, the results are presented as a set of identified and refined context-mechanism-outcome (CMO) configurations. These CMO configurations were used to show how particular outcomes occurred in specific contexts due to a generative mechanism and were developed through identifying a review question and program theory, searching for primary studies, quality appraisal, data extraction and data synthesis. RESULTS From an initial 1010 papers, 27 papers met the inclusion criteria and were used to refine the program theory. Exclusive breastfeeding occurred when a woman was motivated regarding motherhood, had correct learning and understanding about infant feeding practices through counselling, no fear of breastfeeding or the impact of opposing feeding related cultural beliefs, and the support from others to be assertive about their feeding choices when faced with pressure to mix-feed. An additional CMO configuration was added during the refinement of the program theory identifying that mothers needed to not just understand but also prioritize EBF advice over cultural beliefs and stigma. CONCLUSION The intended audience for this review are researchers and health care workers in PMTCT, particularly sub-Saharan Africa, who may benefit from the work that has been done to identify contexts for the success and failures of EBF.
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6.
Choosing Pre-conception Planning for Women/Families: Counselling and Informed Consent (Part 2) - Pre-conception Reproductive Planning, Lifestyle, Immunization, and Psychosocial Issues.
Wilson, RD
Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada : JOGC. 2019;(5):666-678
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To inform reproductive and other health care providers about pre-conception evaluation, including considerations for reproductive planning, lifestyle modification, immunization status and attitudes, and psychosocial issues. OPTIONS This counselling information can be used for patient education and planning and possible pre-conception and/or prenatal testing. OUTCOMES This information may allow for improved risk assessment when pre-conception counselling for individual patients and their families is used. CONSIDERATIONS FOR PRE-CONCEPTION CARE (PART 2) REGARDING PRE-CONCEPTION REPRODUCTIVE PLANNING, LIFESTYLE, IMMUNIZATIONS, AND PSYCHOSOCIAL ISSUES CONSIDERATION FOR CARE STATEMENTS For this review article, the Consideration for Care Statements use the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations strength and quality principles because they are comparable for the clinician and the patient/public user. For example, "Strong" for clinicians is defined as "the recommendation would apply to most individuals. Formal discussion aids are not likely to be needed to help individuals make decisions consistent with their values and preferences." For patients/the public, "Strong" is defined as, "we believe most people in this situation would want the recommended course of actions and only a small number would not." Quality of evidence (High, Moderate, Low) is based on the confidence that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect. In addition, the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care key to evidence statements and grading of recommendations are included. EVIDENCE PubMed, Medline, and the Cochrane Database were searched until May 2017, using appropriate key words (i.e., preconception, reproductive planning, lifestyle modification, immunization risks and benefits, psychosocial pregnancy factors/issues). Grey (unpublished) literature was identified through searching websites of health technology assessment and health technology assessment-related agencies, clinical practice guideline collections, and national and international medical specialty societies. BENEFITS, HARMS, AND COSTS The benefits for the patient and her family from receiving this pre-conception counseling would include an increased understanding of the relevant issues for both pre-conception and in early pregnancy as well as better pregnancy outcomes. Harm includes potential increased anxiety or psychological stress associated with the possibility of identifying maternal pregnancy risks.
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7.
Shift work, overweight and obesity in health professionals: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Saulle, R, Bernardi, M, Chiarini, M, Backhaus, I, La Torre, G
La Clinica terapeutica. 2018;(4):e189-e197
Abstract
Shift work may have significant repercussions on the health of the worker, and has been linked to unhealthy lifestyles. The aim was to conduct a systematic review of the literature and to assess the relationship between night shift and overweight and obesity among health professionals. A literature search was performed using PubMed and Scopus. The keywords used included: "shift work", "night work", "obesity", "overweight", "nurses" "doctors" "physicians". The whole process of revision followed the PRISMA Statement. Two researchers independently, reviewed the search results, assessed the quality and extracted data. Six transversal and a cohort studies were found for the population of nurses. The meta-analysis did not produce significant results on the prevalence of obesity in the population of nurses (OR: 1.00; 95% CI 0.66-1.50). More high-quality studies and including a larger number of participants should be conducted, in order to assess whether there is real cause-effect relationship between the exposure to night shifts and weight gain as well as of obesity.
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8.
The profile of diabetes healthcare professionals in Indonesia: a scoping review.
Ligita, T, Wicking, K, Harvey, N, Mills, J
International nursing review. 2018;(3):349-360
Abstract
AIM: To explore and synthesize evidence of the literature about healthcare professionals involved in the provision of diabetes management within an Indonesian context. BACKGROUND Indonesia is challenged to control the major burden of diabetes prevalence rate that requires a multidimensional approach with the aim to optimize existing health services by involving healthcare professionals who can promote access and provide diabetes management. METHODS This literature review, which is integrated with a scoping study framework, used the electronic databases including CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science to locate papers particular to the Indonesian context. From the total of 568 papers found, 20 papers were selected. RESULTS The literature review identified physicians, nurses, pharmacists, dieticians and diabetes educators as the providers of diabetes care and management in Indonesia. Collaborative management involving either interdisciplinary or intradisciplinary teams was mentioned in several papers. Internal challenges included limited skills and knowledge. External challenges included high patient volumes; a shortage of healthcare professionals and reduced funding. CONCLUSIONS Overcoming the challenges cannot be undertaken with a workforce dominated by any one single healthcare professional. Coordinating with the government to improve the implementation of different roles in diabetes management will improve patient outcomes and thus reduce the burden of diabetes. IMPLICATION FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICY Health policy reform should support nurses and other healthcare professionals in their professional development at all levels of health care. Policy makers can use the review findings to modify the current healthcare system to address key issues in workforce development; funding for services and medications; and fostering multidisciplinary care for diabetes management.
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9.
Gaps in transgender medical education among healthcare providers: A major barrier to care for transgender persons.
Korpaisarn, S, Safer, JD
Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders. 2018;(3):271-275
Abstract
A lack of access to knowledgeable providers is the greatest reported barrier to care for transgender individuals. The purpose of this manuscript is to review the recent literature characterizing transgender medicine education for medical providers and to summarize effective interventions for improving education in transgender care. The PubMed database was searched for all literature that assessed transgender medical education among physicians or trainees and all papers that reported results of transgender-specific educational interventions. Literature that only evaluated general lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) educational interventions was excluded. The lack of education in transgender care continues among providers across all levels of medical education from medical students and physician trainees to primary care providers, endocrinologists and other specialists involved in transgender care. Several interventions have been shown to effectively improve transgender knowledge and cultural competency. Education among healthcare providers is deficient and is considered a major barrier to care for transgender individuals. Effective interventions should be applied to fundamental medical education. Additional focused education also should be taught with specialty-appropriate content to produce needed proficiency among providers of transgender care.
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10.
The Explosion of a New Designer Drug, Flakka: Implications for Practice.
Journal of addictions nursing. 2018;(4):E16-E17