-
1.
The effects of collagen peptide supplementation on body composition, collagen synthesis, and recovery from joint injury and exercise: a systematic review.
Khatri, M, Naughton, RJ, Clifford, T, Harper, LD, Corr, L
Amino acids. 2021;(10):1493-1506
-
-
Free full text
-
Abstract
Collagen peptide supplementation (COL), in conjunction with exercise, may be beneficial for the management of degenerative bone and joint disorders. This is likely due to stimulatory effects of COL and exercise on the extracellular matrix of connective tissues, improving structure and load-bearing capabilities. This systematic review aims to evaluate the current literature available on the combined impact of COL and exercise. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines, a literature search of three electronic databases-PubMed, Web of Science and CINAHL-was conducted in June 2020. Fifteen randomised controlled trials were selected after screening 856 articles. The study populations included 12 studies in recreational athletes, 2 studies in elderly participants and 1 in untrained pre-menopausal women. Study outcomes were categorised into four topics: (i) joint pain and recovery from joint injuries, (ii) body composition, (iii) muscle soreness and recovery from exercise, and (iv) muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and collagen synthesis. The results indicated that COL is most beneficial in improving joint functionality and reducing joint pain. Certain improvements in body composition, strength and muscle recovery were present. Collagen synthesis rates were elevated with 15 g/day COL but did not have a significant impact on MPS when compared to isonitrogenous higher quality protein sources. Exact mechanisms for these adaptations are unclear, with future research using larger sample sizes, elite athletes, female participants and more precise outcome measures such as muscle biopsies and magnetic imagery.
-
2.
The Impact of Childhood Obesity on Joint Alignment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Molina-Garcia, P, Miranda-Aparicio, D, Ubago-Guisado, E, Alvarez-Bueno, C, Vanrenterghem, J, Ortega, FB
Physical therapy. 2021;(7)
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has been suggested that overweight/obesity (OW/OB) impairs the normal alignment of children and adolescents' musculoskeletal system. However, to date, no study has systematically reviewed or quantified the effect of OW/OB on the development of joint malalignments in children and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the association between OW/OB and joint alignment in children and adolescents and to quantify the evidence on whether children and adolescents with OW/OB have a higher risk of developing joint malalignments than their peers of normal weight. METHODS PubMed and Web of Science databases were systematically searched from inception to March 9, 2020. Studies investigating the association between OW/OB and joint alignment in children and adolescents were selected. Nonoriginal articles, participants with movement pattern diseases, and adolescents studied while pregnant were excluded. Two independent reviewers conducted the study selection and data extraction. Qualitative synthesis of evidence and random effect meta-analyses (risk ratio [RR]) were performed. RESULTS Seventy-three studies (5 longitudinal and 68 cross-sectional) met the inclusion criteria involving 1,757,107 children and adolescents. There was consistent evidence supporting associations of OW/OB with rounded shoulder, lumbar hyperlordosis, genu valgum, and flatfoot. Our meta-analysis showed that children and adolescents with OW/OB had a significantly higher risk of lumbar hyperlordosis (RR = 1.41), genu valgum (RR = 5.92), flatfoot (RR = 1.49), and any joint malalignment (RR = 1.68) when compared with their peers of normal weight. The presence of genu valgum and flatfoot were the most robust results. CONCLUSION Based on these findings, OW/OB is associated with the presence of joint malalignments in children and adolescents. IMPACT This is the first study that has systematically reviewed the effect of OW/OB on the development of joint malalignments in children and adolescents.
-
3.
The diagnostic value of conventional radiography and musculoskeletal ultrasonography in calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.
Cipolletta, E, Filippou, G, Scirè, CA, Di Matteo, A, Di Battista, J, Salaffi, F, Grassi, W, Filippucci, E
Osteoarthritis and cartilage. 2021;(5):619-632
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine and compare the accuracy of conventional radiography (CR) and musculoskeletal ultrasonography (US) in the diagnosis of calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystals deposition disease (CPPD). DESIGN A systematic search of electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane), conference abstracts and reference lists was undertaken. Studies which evaluated the accuracy of CR and/or US in the diagnosis of CPPD, using synovial fluid analysis (SFA), histology or classification criteria as reference tests were included. Subgroup analyses by anatomic site and by reference test were performed. RESULTS Twenty-six studies were included. Using SFA/histology as reference test, CR and US showed an excellent (CR AUC = 0.889, 95%CI = 0.811-0.967) and an outstanding (US AUC = 0.954, 95%CI = 0.907-1.0) diagnostic accuracy (p < 0.01), respectively. Furthermore, US showed a higher sensitivity (0.85, 95%CI = 0.79-0.90 vs 0.47, 95%CI = 0.40-0.55) and only a little lower specificity (0.87, 95%CI = 0.83-0.91 vs 0.95, 95%CI = 0.92-0.97) than CR. A considerable heterogeneity between the studies was found, with adopted reference test being the main source of heterogeneity. In fact, subgroup analysis showed a significant change in the diagnostic accuracy of CR, but not of US, using Ryan and McCarty criteria or SFA/histology as reference test (CR: AUC = 0.956, 95%CI = 0.925-1.0 vs AUC = 0.889, 95%CI = 0.828-0.950, respectively, p < 0.01) (US: AUC = 0.922, 95%CI = 0.842-1.0 vs AUC = 0.957, 95%CI = 0.865-1.0, respectively, p = 0.08) CONCLUSIONS Although US is more sensitive and a little less specific than CR for identifying CPP crystals, both these two techniques showed a great diagnostic accuracy and should be regarded as complementary to each other in the diagnostic work-up of patients with CPPD.
-
4.
Gut-Joint Axis: The Role of Physical Exercise on Gut Microbiota Modulation in Older People with Osteoarthritis.
de Sire, A, de Sire, R, Petito, V, Masi, L, Cisari, C, Gasbarrini, A, Scaldaferri, F, Invernizzi, M
Nutrients. 2020;(2)
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is considered one of the most common joint disorders worldwide and its prevalence is constantly increasing due to the global longevity and changes in eating habits and lifestyle. In this context, the role of gut microbiota (GM) in the pathogenesis of OA is still unclear. Perturbation of GM biodiversity and function, defined as 'gut dysbiosis', might be involved in the development of inflammaging, one of the main risk factors of OA development. It is well known that physical exercise could play a key role in the prevention and treatment of several chronic diseases including OA, and it is recommended by several guidelines as a first line intervention. Several studies have shown that physical exercise could modulate GM composition, boosting intestinal mucosal immunity, increasing the Bacteroidetes-Firmicutes ratio, modifying the bile acid profile, and improving the production of short chain fatty acids. Moreover, it has been shown that low intensity exercise might reduce the risk of gastrointestinal diseases, confirming the hypothesis of a strict correlation between skeletal muscle and GM. However, up to date, there is still a lack of clinical trials focusing on this research field. Therefore, in this narrative, we aimed to summarize the state-of-the-art of the literature regarding the correlation between these conditions, supporting the hypothesis of a 'gut-joint axis' and highlighting the role of physical exercise combined with adequate diet and probiotic supplements in rebalancing microbial dysbiosis.
-
5.
Improved Joint Mobility Associated with Reduced Inflammation Related to Consumption of Nopal Cactus Fruit Juice: Results from a Placebo-Controlled Trial Using Digital Inclinometry to Objectively Document Mobility of All Major Joints.
Jensen, GS
Clinical interventions in aging. 2020;:2341-2352
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of daily consumption of Nopal cactus fruit juice (NFJ) on joint mobility in a population experiencing chronic pain but otherwise in good health. STUDY DESIGN A double-blind, placebo-controlled study design was used to enroll 40 people after written informed consent, randomized to consume 3 oz/day of NFJ versus placebo. At baseline and 8 weeks, joint range of motion (ROM) was examined by digital inclinometry along the vertical weight-bearing axis of the body from neck to knees and the shoulders. Blood samples were tested for cytokines and C-reactive protein (CRP). Questionnaires addressed wellness, pain, and reliance on pain medications. RESULTS After 8 weeks of consuming NFJ, participants showed improved ROM beyond that of participants consuming placebo. Cervical and thoracic/lumbar ROM for the NFJ group was significantly improved when compared to placebo (cervical: P<0.03, thoracic/lumbar: P<0.04). People consuming NFJ relied less on pain medication to complete daily activities (P<0.1) and experienced reduced interference from pain and breathing issues (not significant). Serum levels of Eotaxin, involved in airway inflammation, showed significant differences between placebo and NFJ groups after 8 weeks (P<0.048). Changes in CRP levels showed a larger reduction in the NFJ group (-13%) than in the placebo group (-4%) (not significant). In the subgroup with CRP levels between 1 and 9.9 mg/L at baseline, CRP levels decreased in the NFJ group (-30%) but increased in the placebo group (31%) (P<0.015). CONCLUSION Consumption of NFJ for 8 weeks was associated with statistically significant improvements in joint mobility and physical functioning compared to the placebo group, allowing participants in the NFJ group to be more physically active; daily activities were easier, including walking, sitting, and lying. This was associated with reduced use of pain medication, possibly associated with anti-inflammatory properties of NFJ, as suggested by reduced Eotaxin and CRP levels.
-
6.
The difference between native septic arthritis and prosthetic joint infections: A review of literature.
Roerdink, RL, Huijbregts, HJTAM, van Lieshout, AWT, Dietvorst, M, van der Zwaard, BC
Journal of orthopaedic surgery (Hong Kong). 2019;(2):2309499019860468
Abstract
Current literature occasionally considers septic arthritis in native joints and prosthetic joint infections as equal pathologies. However, significant differences can be identified. The aim of this review of literature is to describe these differences in definitions, pathology, diagnostic workups, treatment strategies, and prognosis.
-
7.
Development of a novel MATLAB-based framework for implementing mechanical joint stability constraints within OpenSim musculoskeletal models.
Akhavanfar, MH, Brandon, SCE, Brown, SHM, Graham, RB
Journal of biomechanics. 2019;:61-68
Abstract
The Static Optimization (SO) solver in OpenSim estimates muscle activations and forces that only equilibrate applied moments. In this study, SO was enhanced through an open-access MATLAB interface, where calculated muscle activations can additionally satisfy crucial mechanical stability requirements. This Stability-Constrained SO (SCSO) is applicable to many OpenSim models and can potentially produce more biofidelic results than SO alone, especially when antagonistic muscle co-contraction is required to stabilize body joints. This hypothesis was tested using existing models and experimental data in the literature. Muscle activations were calculated by SO and SCSO for a spine model during two series of static trials (i.e. simulation 1 and 2), and also for a lower limb model (supplementary material 2). In simulation 1, symmetric and asymmetric flexion postures were compared, while in simulation 2, various external load heights were compared, where increases in load height did not change the external lumbar flexion moment, but necessitated higher EMG activations. During the tasks in simulation 1, the predicted muscle activations by SCSO demonstrated less average deviation from the EMG data (6.8% -7.5%) compared to those from SO (10.2%). In simulation 2, SO predicts constant muscle activations and forces, while SCSO predicts increases in the average activations of back and abdominal muscles that better match experimental data. Although the SCSO results are sensitive to some parameters (e.g. musculotendon stiffness), when considering the strategy of the central nervous system in distributing muscle forces and in activating antagonistic muscles, the assigned activations by SCSO are more biofidelic than SO.
-
8.
Muscular performance and body composition changes following multi-joint versus combined multi- and single-joint exercises in aging adults.
Bezerra, ES, Moro, ARP, Orssatto, LBDR, da Silva, ME, Willardson, JM, Simão, R
Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme. 2018;(6):602-608
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare muscular performance and body composition changes following low-volume resistance-training programs consisting of multi-joint (MJ) exercises (cable chest press and seated row) versus a combination of multi- and single-joint (MJ+SJ) exercises (cable chest press, seated row, biceps curl, and triceps extension). Thirty untrained healthy aging adults were randomly assigned to 3 groups: MJ (n = 11), MJ+SJ (n = 11), and control (n = 8). Twelve-repetition maximums (12-RMs) for the cable chest press and seated row, localized muscular endurance for the elbow flexors handgrip strength, and body composition were assessed before and after the 8-week training program. All comparisons were analyzed via a mixed-model analysis with repeated measures (group × time) and the Bonferroni post hoc test (p < 0.05). The MJ and MJ+SJ groups increased performance in the 12-RM cable chest press (MJ = 61.5% ± 24.6% and MJ+SJ = 71.1% ± 25.6%), 12-RM seated row (MJ = 46.4% ± 26.3% and MJ+SJ = 51.5% ± 21.0%), localized muscular endurance (MJ = 24.7% ± 16.7% and MJ+SJ = 37.0% ± 11.4%), and handgrip strength (MJ = 9.3% ± 10.4% and MJ+SJ = 16.6% ± 25.3%) after the intervention. Body composition (i.e., trunk and upper limb fat and lean mass) did not change for any groups. No significant differences were observed between the MJ versus the MJ+SJ protocols after the intervention for any variables. In conclusion, for aging adults, either MJ or MJ+SJ low-volume resistance training resulted in similar increases in 12-RM, localized muscular endurance, and handgrip strength, without changes in body composition after 8 weeks of training.
-
9.
Can Resistance Training Enhance the Rapid Force Development in Unloaded Dynamic Isoinertial Multi-Joint Movements? A Systematic Review.
Van Hooren, B, Bosch, F, Meijer, K
Journal of strength and conditioning research. 2017;(8):2324-2337
Abstract
Van Hooren, B, Bosch, F, and Meijer, K. Can resistance training enhance the rapid force development in unloaded dynamic isoinertial multi-joint movements? A systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 31(8): 2324-2337, 2017-The objectives of this systematic review were to (a) evaluate whether resistance training can improve the rapid force development in unloaded dynamic isoinertial multi-joint movements and (b) investigate whether these effects differ between untrained/recreationally trained and well-trained individuals. Four electronic databases were screened for studies that measured the effects of resistance training on rapid force development in unloaded dynamic isoinertial multi-joint movements. Twelve studies with a total of 271 participants were included. 10/26 (38%) and 6/14 (43%) of the measures of rapid force development in unloaded dynamic isoinertial multi-joint movements significantly improved following training in the untrained/recreationally trained and well-trained individuals, respectively. Additionally, 7/14 (50%) and 3/12 (25%) of the measures significantly improved during a countermovement and squat jump in the untrained/recreationally trained individuals and 4/6 (67%) and 2/8 (25%) significantly improved during a countermovement and squat jump in the well-trained individuals, respectively. These findings indicate that resistance training has a limited transfer to rapid force development in unloaded dynamic isoinertial multi-joint movements, especially for well-trained individuals and in movements without a countermovement. Furthermore, rapid force development has likely a limited transfer from movements with countermovement to movements without a countermovement and from bilateral movements to unilateral movements. Therefore, it is important to specifically mimic the actual sport movement in order to maximize the transfer of training and testing.
-
10.
Evolving Role of Molecular Imaging with (18)F-Sodium Fluoride PET as a Biomarker for Calcium Metabolism.
Raynor, W, Houshmand, S, Gholami, S, Emamzadehfard, S, Rajapakse, CS, Blomberg, BA, Werner, TJ, Høilund-Carlsen, PF, Baker, JF, Alavi, A
Current osteoporosis reports. 2016;(4):115-25
Abstract
(18)F-sodium fluoride (NaF) as an imaging tracer portrays calcium metabolic activity either in the osseous structures or in soft tissue. Currently, clinical use of NaF-PET is confined to detecting metastasis to the bone, but this approach reveals indirect evidence for disease activity and will have limited use in the future in favor of more direct approaches that visualize cancer cells in the read marrow where they reside. This has proven to be the case with FDG-PET imaging in most cancers. However, a variety of studies support the application of NaF-PET to assess benign osseous diseases. In particular, bone turnover can be measured from NaF uptake to diagnose osteoporosis. Several studies have evaluated the efficacy of bisphosphonates and their lasting effects as treatment for osteoporosis using bone turnover measured by NaF-PET. Additionally, NaF uptake in vessels tracks calcification in the plaques at the molecular level, which is relevant to coronary artery disease. Also, NaF-PET imaging of diseased joints is able to project disease progression in osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. Further studies suggest potential use of NaF-PET in domains such as back pain, osteosarcoma, stress-related fracture, and bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw. The critical role of NaF-PET in disease detection and characterization of many musculoskeletal disorders has been clearly demonstrated in the literature, and these methods will become more widespread in the future. The data from PET imaging are quantitative in nature, and as such, it adds a major dimension to assessing disease activity.