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Impact of S100A4 Expression on Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognosis in Pancreatic Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.
Huang, S, Zheng, J, Huang, Y, Song, L, Yin, Y, Ou, D, He, S, Chen, X, Ouyang, X
Disease markers. 2016;:8137378
Abstract
BACKGROUND The small Ca(2+)-binding protein S100A4 is identified as a metastasis-associated or metastasis-inducing protein in various types of cancer. The goal of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the relationship between S100A4 expression and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was carried out in the electronic databases PubMed and Chinese CNKI. Only the studies reporting the correlation between S100A4 expression and clinicopathological characteristics or overall survival (OS) of patients with pancreatic cancer are enrolled. Extracted data was analyzed using the RevMan 5.3 software to calculate the pooled relative risks (95% confidence interval, CI) for statistical analyses. RESULTS Seven studies including a total of 474 patients were enrolled into this meta-analysis. Negative expression of S100A4 was significantly associated with higher 3-year OS rate (RR = 3.92, 95% CI = 2.24-6.87, P < 0.0001), compared to S100A4-positive cases. Moreover, negative expression of S100A4 was also related to N0 stage for lymph node metastasis (RR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.60-2.88, P < 0.0001). However, S100A4 expression was not significantly correlated with histological types and distant metastasis status. CONCLUSION S100A4 expression represents a potential marker for lymph node metastasis of pancreatic cancer and a potential unfavorable factor for prognosis of patients with this disease.
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S100A4 is an independent prognostic factor for patients with lung cancer: a meta-analysis.
Bai, H, Qian, JL, Han, BH
Genetic testing and molecular biomarkers. 2014;(5):371-4
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of S100A4 levels with the prognosis of lung cancer (LC). METHODS The RevMan 5.0 software was utilized to perform literature retrieval, data collection, and statistical analysis according to its guidelines. Literature-based searching was guided to gather data, and the fixed-effect model was used to pool the hazard ratio (HR) in this study. RESULTS A total of 10 eligible studies that included 1364 LC patients were analyzed. About 72.6% of patients had positive expression of S100A4 according to the criteria defined by the authors. The HR of positive expression for overall survival (OS) was 1.30 times of that of negative expression in LC patients (HR=1.30, 95% confidence interval: 1.04 to 1.61, p=0.02). CONCLUSION Patients with positive expression of S100A4 appear to have a poorer OS compared with those with negative expression of S100A4.
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Clinicopathological and prognostic value of S100A4 expression in gastric cancer: a meta-analysis.
Ling, Z, Li, R
The International journal of biological markers. 2014;(2):e99-e111
Abstract
PURPOSES For several years S100A4 has been implicated in tumor progression and prognosis. However, the prognostic value of S100A4 overexpression in patients with gastric cancer remains unknown. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to assess the relationship between S100A4 overexpression and clinical outcome of gastric cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS Candidate studies were searched from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ISI Web of Science. We included studies that evaluated the prognostic value of S100A4 expression in gastric cancer patients with regard to survival and a series of clinicopathological parameters. The pooled hazard ratios (HR) and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate the effects. Ten studies, all from Asia, were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled analysis showed that S100A4 overexpression was significantly associated with worse overall survival (OS) (HR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.45-2.38, p<0.00001) without heterogeneity in the data (I2=43.6%, p=0.131). Furthermore, our results showed that S100A4 overexpression was significantly correlated with some clinicopathological parameters such as tumor grade, stage, metastasis, invasion, and relapse. CONCLUSIONS The results of our meta-analysis indicate that S100A4 overexpression correlates with more adverse clinical features and a poor prognosis of gastric cancer patients in Asia, thus suggesting that S100A4 could be a useful marker to evaluate progression and prognosis of Asian gastric cancer patients. More studies from Western countries with a larger number of tumors and standardized methods are required before significant conclusions can be drawn.
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Predictive value of S-100β protein for prognosis in patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Mercier, E, Boutin, A, Lauzier, F, Fergusson, DA, Simard, JF, Zarychanski, R, Moore, L, McIntyre, LA, Archambault, P, Lamontagne, F, et al
BMJ (Clinical research ed.). 2013;:f1757
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the ability and accuracy of the S-100β protein in predicting prognosis after a moderate or severe traumatic brain injury. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and observational studies. DATA SOURCES Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, BIOSIS (from their inception to April 2012), conference abstracts, bibliographies of eligible articles, and relevant narrative reviews. STUDY SELECTION Two reviewers independently reviewed citations and selected eligible studies, defined as cohort studies or randomised control trials including patients with moderate or severe traumatic brain injury and evaluating the prognostic value of S-100β protein. Outcomes evaluated were mortality, score on the Glasgow outcome scale, or brain death. DATA EXTRACTION Two independent reviewers extracted data using a standardised form and evaluated the methodological quality of included studies. Pooled results were presented with geometric means ratios and analysed with random effect models. Prespecified sensitivity analyses were performed to explain heterogeneity. RESULTS The search strategy yielded 9228 citations. Two randomised controlled trials and 39 cohort studies were considered eligible (1862 patients). Most studies (n=23) considered Glasgow outcome score ≤ 3 as an unfavourable outcome. All studies reported at least one measurement of S-100β within 24 hours after traumatic brain injury. There was a significant positive association between S-100β protein concentrations and mortality (12 studies: geometric mean ratio 2.55, 95% confidence interval 2.02 to 3.21, I(2)=56%) and score ≤ 3 (18 studies: 2.62, 2.01 to 3.42, I(2)=79%). Sensitivity analysis based on sampling time, sampling type, blinding of outcome assessors, and timing of outcome assessment yielded similar results. Thresholds for serum S-100β protein values with 100% specificity ranged from 1.38 to 10.50 µg/L for mortality (six studies) and from 2.16 to 14.00 µg/L for unfavourable neurological prognosis as defined by the Glasgow outcome score. CONCLUSIONS After moderate or severe traumatic brain injury, serum S-100β protein concentrations are significantly associated with unfavourable prognosis in the short, mid, or long term. Optimal thresholds for discrimination remain unclear. Measuring the S-100β protein could be useful in evaluating the severity of traumatic brain injury and in the determination of long term prognosis in patients with moderate and severe injury.
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Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of S100A4 overexpression in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis.
Liu, Y, Tang, W, Wang, J, Xie, L, Li, T, He, Y, Qin, X, Li, S
Diagnostic pathology. 2013;:181
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulated evidence has indicated a correlation between S100A4 expression and colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. However, its prognostic significance for patients with CRC remains inconclusive. To clarify their relationship, a meta-analysis of the relevant published studies was performed. METHOD PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were electronically searched. All studies evaluating the prognostic value of S100A4 expression in CRC patients regarding survival and a series of clinicopathological parameters were included. The effect of S100A4 expression on the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were measured by pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), while the effect of S100A4 expression on the clinicopathological parameters were measured by the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% CIs. RESULTS Eleven studies (2,824 patients in total) were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, S100A4 overexpression was significantly associated with worse OS (HR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.58-2.29, P <0.001), and worse DFS (HR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.53-3.05, P <0.001) in patients with CRC. Subgroup analyses showed that S100A4 overexpression was significantly correlated with poor OS in Asian, European, and Australian patients and patients treated with surgery or chemotherapy. Additionally, there were significant associations between S100A4 expression and several clinicopathological parameters (tumour location, lymph node metastasis, nodal status, TNM stage, and tumour depth). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis indicates that S100A4 overexpression seems to correlate with tumour progression and poor prognosis of CRC patients. It may be a useful marker to predict progression and prognosis of CRC. VIRTUAL SLIDES The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/8643820431072915.
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Glial pathology is modified by age in mood disorders--a systematic meta-analysis of serum S100B in vivo studies.
Schroeter, ML, Steiner, J, Mueller, K
Journal of affective disorders. 2011;(1-3):32-8
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mood disorders are characterized by specific glial pathology. Recently, based on histopathological post mortem studies, the glial hypothesis has been discussed as a dynamic process, in particular with regard to glioplasticity. Whereas in young subjects with mood disorders, glial cell density or glial cell numbers are reduced, they are increased in elderly subjects. METHODS To validate this concept in vivo, we investigated the dynamic course of glial pathology in mood disorders across studies measuring the glial marker protein S100B in serum in a systematic and quantitative meta-analysis according to the QUOROM and PRISMA statement. We searched for studies in PubMed and Medline, applied strict inclusion/exclusion criteria, and calculated effect sizes according to Cohen and Hedges. RESULTS The final meta-analysis included 174 subjects with mood disorders and 102 control subjects. It demonstrated higher levels of the glial marker protein S100B in older compared with younger adult subjects suffering from mood disorders, although both young and older subjects showed elevated values in comparison to control subjects. Illness duration and age at onset had no impact on serum S100B. LIMITATIONS Influences of antidepressive drugs vs. the spontaneous course of the illness, differences between mood disorder subtypes and the specific role of S100B have to be investigated in future longitudinal studies. CONCLUSIONS The meta-analysis indicates a modifying effect of S100B in mood disorders in the interaction with age, with an increasing role across the lifespan. Results are relevant for the understanding of mood disorders and future illness modifying therapies because S100B may influence neuro- and glioplasticity.
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Can low serum levels of S100B predict normal CT findings after minor head injury in adults?: an evidence-based review and meta-analysis.
Undén, J, Romner, B
The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation. 2010;(4):228-40
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether low levels of S100B in serum can predict normal computed tomography (CT) findings after minor head injury (MHI) in adults. PARTICIPANTS Not applicable. DESIGN Systematic evidence-based review of the peer-reviewed literature with meta-analytical interpretation. PRIMARY MEASURES Not applicable. RESULTS We identified 12 eligible articles that specifically studied adult MHI patients with S100B and cranial CT scans in the acute phase after injury, comprising a total of 2466 separate patients. Individual negative predictive values of 90% to 100% were found for the ability of a negative (under cutoff) S100B level to predict a normal CT scan. A total of 6 patients included in the studies had low S100B levels and positive CT scans (0.26%) and only 1 of these patients (0.04%) had a clinically relevant CT finding. The pooled negative predictive value for all studies was more than 99% (95% CI 98%-100%), with an average prevalence for any CT finding at 8%. The studies are consistently classed as level 2 and level 3 grades of evidence, suggesting a grade B recommendation. CONCLUSION Low serum S100B levels accurately predict normal CT findings after MHI in adults. S100B sampling should be considered in MHI patients with no focal neurological deficit, an absence of significant extracerebral injury, should be taken within 3 hours of injury, and the cutoff for omitting CT set at less than 0.10 microg/L. Care givers should also be aware of other clinical factors predictive of intracranial complications after MHI.
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The prognostic value of serum S100B in patients with cutaneous melanoma: a meta-analysis.
Mocellin, S, Zavagno, G, Nitti, D
International journal of cancer. 2008;(10):2370-6
Abstract
S100B protein detected in the serum of patients with cutaneous melanoma has been long reported as a prognostic biomarker. However, no consensus exists on its implementation in the routine clinical setting. This study aimed to comprehensively and quantitatively summarize the evidence on the suitability of serum S100B to predict patients' survival. Twenty-two series enrolling 3393 patients with TNM stage I to IV cutaneous melanoma were reviewed. Standard meta-analysis methods were applied to evaluate the overall relationship between S100B serum levels and patients' survival (meta-risk). Serum S100B positivity was associated with significantly poorer survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.92-2.58, p < 0.0001). Between-study heterogeneity was significant, which appeared to be related mainly to dissemination bias and the inclusion of patients with stage IV disease. Considering stage I to III melanoma (n = 1594), the meta-risk remained highly significant (HR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.8-2.89; p < 0.0001) and studies' estimates were homogeneous. Subgroup analysis of series reporting multivariate survival analysis supported S100B as a prognostic factor independent of the TNM staging system. Our findings suggest that serum S100B detection has a clinically valuable independent prognostic value in patients with melanoma, with particular regard to stage I-III disease. Further investigation focusing on this subset of patients is justified and warranted before S100B can be implemented in the routine clinical management of melanoma.