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Efficacy and Safety of the Combination of Superoxide Dismutase, Alpha Lipoic Acid, Vitamin B12, and Carnitine for 12 Months in Patients with Diabetic Neuropathy.
Didangelos, T, Karlafti, E, Kotzakioulafi, E, Kontoninas, Z, Margaritidis, C, Giannoulaki, P, Kantartzis, K
Nutrients. 2020;(11)
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the efficacy of Superoxide Dismutase, Alpha Lipoic Acid, Acetyl L-Carnitine, and Vitamin B12 (B12) in one tablet in Diabetic Neuropathy (DN). PATIENTS-METHODS In this prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 85 patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (DMT2) were randomly assigned, either to receive the combination of four elements (active group, n = 43), or placebo (n = 42) for 12 months. We used the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument Questionnaire and Examination (MNSIQ and MNSIE), measured the vibration perception threshold (BIO), and Cardiovascular Autonomic Reflex Tests (CARTs). Nerve function was assessed by DPN Check [sural nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) and amplitude (SNAP)]. Pain (PS) and quality of life (QL) questionnaires were administered. RESULTS At follow-up, BIO, MNSIQ, QL, PAIN, and SNCV, SNAP, and B12 levels had significantly improved inactive group (p <0.001, p <0.001, p <0.001, p <0.001, p = 0.027, p = 0.031, and p <0.001 respectively), whereas the inplacebo group MCR (mean circular resultant) and PAIN deteriorated (p <0.001, p <0.001). The changes in MNSIQ, QL, SNCV, BIO, and PAIN differed significantly between groups (p <0.001, p <0.001, p = 0.031, p <0.001, and p <0.001 respectively). CONCLUSIONS The combination of the four elements in one tablet for 12 months in patients with DMT2 improved all indices of peripheral neuropathy, including SNAP and SNCV, pain, and Quality of Life perception, except CARTs and MNSIE.
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Interdisciplinary therapy changes superoxide dismutase activity and adiponectin in obese adolescents: a randomised controlled trial.
Nunes, JE, Cunha, HS, Freitas, ZR, Nogueira, AM, Dâmaso, AR, Espindola, FS, Cheik, NC
Journal of sports sciences. 2016;(10):945-50
Abstract
The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of interdisciplinary therapy in the parameters of the oxidative stress and the anti-inflammatory responses of obese adolescents. We selected 57 participants, who were randomly divided into 2 groups: interdisciplinary therapy group and a control group. After 6 months of intervention, 17 participants of the interdisciplinary therapy group and 8 of the control group returned for re-evaluation. The interdisciplinary therapy group participated in a treatment with 4 weekly sessions of exercise, a weekly group therapy session and a weekly nutritional education session. Blood parameters of oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory response were evaluated. The results demonstrated that there were significant increases in the interdisciplinary therapy group for superoxide dismutase activity (6.56 ± 3.22 to 11.40 ± 7.49) and ferric-reducing antioxidant potential concentration (532.91 ± 106.48 to 573.25 ± 112.57), although adiponectin levels did not reduce (40.9 ± 29.34 to 49.05 ± 41.22). A significant decrease in nitrite levels was also found (14.23 ± 8.48 to 11.45 ± 6.05). In the control group, significant reduction was found in adiponectin (31.56 ± 18.88 to 18.01 ± 11.66). This study suggests that interdisciplinary therapy for 6 months was effective in improving the anti-inflammatory responses and the antioxidant defences in obese adolescents.
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Effective microorganism - X attenuates circulating superoxide dismutase following an acute bout of intermittent running in hot, humid conditions.
Taylor, L, Lee, BJ, Gibson, OR, Midgley, AW, Watt, P, Mauger, A, Castle, P
Research in sports medicine (Print). 2016;(2):130-44
Abstract
This study determined the effectiveness of antioxidant supplementation on high-intensity exercise-heat stress. Six males completed a high-intensity running protocol twice in temperate conditions (TEMP; 20.4°C), and twice in hot conditions (HOT; 34.7°C). Trials were completed following7 days supplementation with 70 ml·day(-1) effective microorganism-X (EM-X; TEMPEMX or HOTEMX) or placebo (TEMPPLA or HOTPLA). Plasma extracellular Hsp72 (eHsp72) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured by ELISA. eHsp72 and SOD increased pre-post exercise (p < 0.001), with greater eHsp72 (p < 0.001) increases observed in HOT (+1.5 ng·ml(-1)) compared to TEMP (+0.8 ng·ml(-1)). EM-X did not influence eHsp72 (p > 0.05). Greater (p < 0.001) SOD increases were observed in HOT (+0.22 U·ml(-1)) versus TEMP (+0.10 U·ml(-1)) with SOD reduced in HOTEMX versus HOTPLA (p = 0.001). Physiological and perceptual responses were all greater (p < 0.001) in HOT versus TEMP conditions, with no difference followed EM-X (p > 0.05). EM-X supplementation attenuated the SOD increases following HOT, potentiating its application as an ergogenic aid to ameliorate oxidative stress.
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Dietary supplementation with a superoxide dismutase-melon concentrate reduces stress, physical and mental fatigue in healthy people: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Carillon, J, Notin, C, Schmitt, K, Simoneau, G, Lacan, D
Nutrients. 2014;(6):2348-59
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate effects of superoxide dismutase (SOD)-melon concentrate supplementation on psychological stress, physical and mental fatigue in healthy people. METHODS A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed on 61 people divided in two groups: active supplement (n = 32) and placebo (n = 29) for 12 weeks. Volunteers were given one small hard capsule per day. One capsule contained 10 mg of SOD-melon concentrate (140 U of SOD) and starch for the active supplement and starch only for the placebo. Stress and fatigue were evaluated using four psychometric scales: PSS-14; SF-36; Stroop tests and Prevost scale. RESULTS The supplementation with SOD-melon concentrate significantly decreased perceived stress, compared to placebo. Moreover, quality of life was improved and physical and mental fatigue were reduced with SOD-melon concentrate supplementation. CONCLUSION SOD-melon concentrate supplementation appears to be an effective and natural way to reduce stress and fatigue. TRIAL REGISTRATION trial approved by the ethical committee of Poitiers (France), and the ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier is NCT01767922.
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α-Lipoic acid and superoxide dismutase in the management of chronic neck pain: a prospective randomized study.
Letizia Mauro, G, Cataldo, P, Barbera, G, Sanfilippo, A
Drugs in R&D. 2014;(1):1-7
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Since oxidative stress plays a pathogenetic role in chronic neck pain (CNP), we investigated whether a combination of α-lipoic acid (ALA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) might improve pain control and the efficacy of physiotherapy ("multimodal therapy") in patients with CNP. SETTING This study was conducted in the Rehabilitation Unit of the Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences at the University Policlinic in Palermo, Italy. DESIGN AND PATIENTS This was a prospective, randomized, open study in outpatients. INTERVENTION Patients randomly received either physiotherapy alone (group 2; n = 45) or a combination of ALA 600 mg and SOD 140 IU daily in addition to physiotherapy (group 1; n = 51), for 60 days. Pain was assessed by a visual analogue scale (VAS) and a modified Neck Pain Questionnaire (mNPQ). Treatment compliance and safety were also evaluated. RESULTS Both groups experienced a significant reduction in the VAS and mNPQ scores after 1 month; however, while no further improvement was observed in group 2 at 60 days, group 1 showed a further VAS reduction (p < 0.001). In addition, in the mNPQ at 60 days, more patients in group 1 than in group 2 reported that their neck pain was improved (p < 0.01), and they showed greater compliance with prescribed physiotherapy (p = 0.048). No drug reaction was observed. CONCLUSION Use of ALA/SOD in combination with physiotherapy may be a useful approach to CNP, being antioxidants that act on nerve inflammation and disease progression. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT These preliminary observations suggest that some interesting goals (better pain control and physical wellbeing) can be achieved by multimodal therapy in CNP patients.
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Association of SOD2, GPX1, CAT, and TNF genetic polymorphisms with oxidative stress, neurochemistry, psychopathology, and extrapyramidal symptoms in schizophrenia.
Bošković, M, Vovk, T, Saje, M, Goričar, K, Dolžan, V, Kores Plesničar, B, Grabnar, I
Neurochemical research. 2013;(2):433-42
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence confirming the involvement of oxidative stress and inflammation in pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Inter-individual variation in antioxidant capacity caused by different genetic profile could potentially influence patient's susceptibility to oxidative damage. In this study we evaluated the polymorphisms of manganese superoxide dismutase SOD2Val16Ala, glutathione peroxidase GPX1Pro200Leu, catalase CAT-262C>T and CATc.66+78C>T, and tumour necrosis factor-alpha TNF-308G>A by assessing their association with biomarkers of oxidative stress, neurochemistry, psychopathology of schizophrenia and extrapyramidal symptoms in Caucasian schizophrenia patients treated with haloperidol depot. TNF-308G>A was associated with the increased risk of parkinsonism. No major role of polymorphism of SOD2Val16Ala, CAT-262C>T nor GPX1Pro200Leu in psychopathology of schizophrenia or extrapyramidal symptoms was observed. SOD2Val16Ala polymorphism was associated with dopamine plasma concentration and blood concentration ratio between reduced and oxidised form of glutathione, while GPX1Pro200Leu was related with concentration of reduced glutathione. CATc.66+78C>T was associated with noradrenaline plasma concentration and PANSS negative score. PANSS positive and general scores, were associated with the increased risk of tardive dyskinesia. PANSS positive, negative, and general scores, and GAF score were all associated with the increased risk of akathisia.
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Consumption of polyphenol-rich juar tea increases endothelium-bound extracellular superoxide dismutase levels in men with metabolic syndrome: link with LDL oxidizability.
Uto-Kondo, H, Ayaori, M, Kishimoto, Y, Adachi, T, Takiguchi, S, Yakushiji, E, Sasaki, M, Komatsu, T, Kondo, K, Ikewaki, K
International journal of food sciences and nutrition. 2013;(4):407-14
Abstract
Endothelium-bound extracellular superoxide dismutase (eEC-SOD), a major antioxidative enzyme in the vasculature, is involved in anti-atherogenesis by inhibiting low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation. The objective was to investigate whether the polyphenol-rich juar tea had beneficial effects on LDL oxidation and eEC-SOD levels in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). A total of 20 men with MetS participated in a randomized cross-over trial, comparing consumption of five cups/day of juar tea with that of a polyphenol-poor tea, barley tea, for 4 weeks. Although there was no change in LDL oxidizability after consumption of either tea, juar tea significantly increased eEC-SOD levels by 16% (p < 0.05), whereas barley tea significantly decreased levels by 15% (p < 0.05). It is noteworthy that the changes in eEC-SOD were positively associated with those in LDL oxidizability after tea consumption (r(2) = 0.11, p < 0.05). Tea polyphenols may provide anti-atherosclerotic effects by inhibiting LDL oxidation through EC-SOD bound to the endothelium.
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Micronutrient supplementation in maintenance haemodialysis patients enhances activity of antioxidant enzymes.
Moffitt, TA, Garrett, PJ, Hannon-Fletcher, MP
Journal of nephrology. 2013;(2):403-11
Abstract
BACKGROUND Haemodialysis patients are exposed to high levels of oxidative stress, perhaps contributing to increased rates of cardiovascular and malignant disease. In this context, the body's defence mechanisms against oxidative insult, including activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), are known to be deranged. METHODS This randomised double-blind study assessed the effects of a novel micronutrient cocktail containing physiological doses of antioxidant vitamins and trace minerals on antioxidant enzyme activity in maintenance haemodialysis. Thirty-seven patients were randomised to receive placebo or micronutrient. SOD and GPx activity was analysed at baseline and after 6 months of treatment. RESULTS SOD levels did not change in the treatment group but fell significantly (p=0.0443) in controls, while activity of GPx remained unchanged in controls but rose significantly (p=0.0123) in treated patients. CONCLUSIONS These results are consistent with a beneficial effect of the cocktail on antioxidant enzyme activity and may contribute to an indication for large-scale studies to assess clinical outcome measures.
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Time-course evaluation of oxidative stress-related biomarkers after renal transplantation.
Vostálová, J, Galandáková, A, Svobodová, AR, Orolinová, E, Kajabová, M, Schneiderka, P, Zapletalová, J, Strebl, P, Zadražil, J
Renal failure. 2012;(4):413-9
Abstract
Patients with chronic renal disease have a high prevalence of oxidative stress (OS), which is associated with the cardiovascular complications occurring in this population. The restoration of kidney function after kidney transplantation (KT) can lead to reduction in the metabolic abnormalities and elimination of the OS. Time-dependent changes in OS-related markers and specific kidney function and metabolic parameters were evaluated in patients (N = 39; 23 males; 16 females; mean age = 57 ± 10 years) before (day 0) and after KT (day 1, 7, 30, 90, and 180) to monitor the graft. In particular, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), levels of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), lipid peroxidation as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and reduced glutathione (GSH); activities of glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase; and kidney function markers were measured. AOPP, TAC, and TBARS were significantly decreased, whereas GSH was significantly increased after KT. Antioxidant enzyme activities were not significantly changed during the monitored period after KT. Apropos specific kidney function markers and glomerular filtration significantly increased and creatinine level significantly decreased after transplantation. Changes in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were also found. Our results show that successful KT results in normalization of the antioxidant status and lipid metabolism that is connected with both improved renal function and reduced cardiovascular complications.
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Intake of alcohol-free red wine modulates antioxidant enzyme activities in a human intervention study.
Noguer, MA, Cerezo, AB, Donoso Navarro, E, Garcia-Parrilla, MC
Pharmacological research. 2012;(6):609-14
Abstract
Wine intake affects the antioxidant enzyme activities that contribute to the overall antioxidant properties of wine. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether alcohol-free wine has any effect on antioxidant enzymes. The study was a randomized cross-over human intervention. A low phenolic diet (LPD) was designed to prevent interference from polyphenols in other food sources. In the first period, the volunteers ate only this low phenolic diet; in the second, they ate this diet and also drank 300 mL of alcohol-free wine. The enzymes under study were: superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. The activities of glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase and catalase decreased during the LPD period and increased in the LPD+dealcoholized wine period. On the third day of intervention, significant changes were observed in glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase activity for both intervention periods under study. Catalase activity changed significantly on the seventh day of intervention. Antioxidant enzymes modulated their activity more easily than the endogenous antioxidants, which did not undergo any changes. Our results show for the first time that the increase in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes is not due to the alcohol content in wine but to the polyphenolic composition. Therefore, alcohol-free wine could be an excellent source of antioxidants to protect people suffering from oxidative stress (cancer, diabetes, alzheimer, etc.) who should not consume alcohol.