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1.
Topical Delivery of Modified Da-Cheng-Qi Decoction () Using Low-Frequency Ultrasound Sonophoresis for Refractory Metastatic Malignant Bowel Obstruction: An Open-Label Single-Arm Clinical Trial.
Tian, AP, Yin, YK, Yu, L, Yang, BY, Li, N, Li, JY, Bian, ZM, Hu, SY, Weng, CX, Feng, L
Chinese journal of integrative medicine. 2020;(5):382-387
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical delivery of modified Da-Cheng- Qi Decoction (, MDCQD) by low-frequency ultrasound sonophoresis (LFUS) in patients with refractory metastatic malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) using an objective performance criteria (OPC) design. METHODS Fifty patients with refractory metastatic MBO were enrolled in this open-label single-arm clinical trial. Alongside fasting, gastrointestinal decompression, glycerol enema, intravenous nutrition and antisecretory therapy, a 50 g dose of MDCQD (prepared as a hydrogel) was applied through topical delivery at the site of abodminal pain or Tianshu (S 25) using LFUS for 30 min, twice daily for 5 consecutive days. The overall outcome was the remission of intestinal obstruction, and improvement on abdominal pain, abdominal distention, nausea and vomiting scores. Indicators of safety evaluation included liver and renal function as well as blood coagulation indicators. RESULTS Among 50 patients, 5 patients (10%) showed complete remission of intestinal obstruction and 21 patients (42%) showed improvement of intestinal obstruction. The overall remission rate of bowel obstruction was 52%. The results of the symptom score, based on the severity and frequency of the episode, are as follows: 26 patients (52%) showed improvment on symptom scores, 20 patients (40%) did not respond to treatment, and 4 patients (8%) discontinued treatment due to intolerance. No serious adverse effects or abnormal changes on liver and renal function or blood coagulation were observed. CONCLUSION Topical delivery of MDCQD at 100 g/day using LFUS can improve the treatment response in patients with refractory metastatic MBO.
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2.
Leptin level decreases after treatment with the combination of Radiofrequency and Ultrasound cavitation in response to the reduction in adiposity.
Arabpour-Dahoue, M, Mohammadzadeh, E, Avan, A, Nezafati, P, Nasrfard, S, Ghazizadeh, H, Mehramiz, M, Safarian, M, Nematy, M, Jarahi, L, et al
Diabetes & metabolic syndrome. 2019;(2):1137-1140
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and overweight are major public health problem. Different-strategies have been developed for body contouring including Radiofrequency(RF) and Ultrasound(US). The aim of this study was to investigate changes in serum-leptin as a potential-modulator of food/energy intake, in overweight-women receiving RF/US and diet-therapy as well as the effect of therapy on modulation of lipid-profile and body-fat-mass. METHODS Fifty overweight-females were enrolled in current randomized-clinical-trial and randomly divided into two groups. The case group received RF/US twice a week for 5 weeks with a low calorie diet whilst the control-group received just a low calorie diet. Demographic, biochemical markers as well as serum-leptin were determined. RESULTS The level of leptin was reduced from 1.29 ± 0.32 ng/ml to 1.14 ± 0.34 ng/ml in case group, before and after therapy, respectively, whilst no significant differences were observed in the serum leptin levels of subjects in the control group. The combination of RF and US decreased the leptin-level. In particular, the mean reduction of abdominal-circumference and waist-circumference was significant (P < 0.05) after therapy. This reduction was inversely correlated with LDL levels. Weight was reduced in case and control groups and in both was significant, but no statistically significant differences were detected for weight between the groups(P < 0.93). CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated the reduction of the leptin after treatment with the combination of Radiofrequency/Ultrasound cavitation, which was associated with reduced body-fat-mass.
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3.
Effect of ultrasonic and Nd: Yag laser activation on irrigants on the push-out bond strength of fiber post to the root canal.
Fundaoğlu Küçükekenci, F, Küçükekenci, AS
Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB. 2019;:e20180420
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This in vitro study aimed to compare the efficacy of irrigants using various irrigation activation methods to the push-out bond strengths of fiber post to root canal luted with self-adhesive resin cement (SARC). METHODOLOGY Forty-eight decoronated human canines were used. The specimens were divided into four groups corresponding with the post-space irrigation process and were treated as follows: distilled water (DW) (Control) group received 15 mL of DW; sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)+ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) group was treated with 5 mL of 5.25% NaOCl, 5 mL of 17% EDTA, and 5 mL of DW; passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) group was treated with 5 mL of 5.25% NaOCl, 5 mL of 17% EDTA, and 5 mL of DW, and each irrigant was agitated with an ultrasonic file; and laser activated irrigation (LAI) group was treated with 5 mL of 5.25% NaOCl, 5 mL of 17% EDTA, and 5 mL of DW, and each irrigant was irradiated with Nd: YAG laser. Fiber posts were luted with SARC, and a push-out test was performed. Data was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey HSD test. RESULTS The bond strength values for the groups obtained were as follows: Control (10.04 MPa), NaOCl+EDTA (11.07 MPa), PUI (11.85 MPa), and LAI (11.63 MPa). No statistically significant differences were found among all experimental groups (p>0.05). The coronal (12.66 MPa) and middle (11.63 MPa) root regions indicated a significantly higher bond strength compared with the apical (9.16 MPa) region (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Irrigant activation methods did not increase the bond strength of fiber post to canal.
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4.
Does noncontact low-frequency ultrasound therapy contribute to wound healing at the molecular level?
Wiegand, C, Bittenger, K, Galiano, RD, Driver, VR, Gibbons, GW
Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society. 2017;(5):871-882
Abstract
Noncontact low-frequency ultrasound (NLFU) is used to treat various types of chronic wounds including venous, diabetic, and pressure ulcers. The objective for this substudy of the IN BALANCE RCT VLU trial was to characterize and compare the NLFU treatment group and patients receiving standard of care (SOC) with respect to the effect of the assigned study treatment on content/quantity of inflammatory cytokines and fibrinogen as well as bacteria. Higher mean wound area reduction was observed in the NLFU treatment group (67.0%) compared to the SOC group (41.6%, p < 0.05). Hypertension, diabetes type II, coronary artery disease, and anemia were identified as the most common comorbidities of the Chronic venous leg ulcer (CVLU) patients included in the study. Pseudomonas, Corynebacterium, and unclassified Enterobacteriaceae were dominant in the highest number of samples. Anaerococcus, Peptoniphilus, and Finegoldia, had the highest median proportion in the samples overall. Peptoniphilus abundance decreased more in the NLFU treatment group relative to SOC; similar trends were observed for Anaerococcus and Finegoldia. Progression of mediators like TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 as well as PF4, TGF-beta, and fibrinogen was monitored and trends for several of the mediators were identified. Fibrinogen amounts were significantly reduced over time in the NLFU treatment group (p < 0.05). IL-8 levels declined in wound fluid from NLFU responders as well as SOC responders. Bacterial load (total bacterial abundance) determined local parameters of ulcer inflammation. If a bioburden of ≥ 10E5 was found compared to < 10E5 , levels of IL-1beta, IL-8, and TNF-alpha were significantly higher. In conclusion, NLFU treatment is an effective adjuvant tool for CVLU therapy. This study demonstrates that it improves wound healing by equally inhibiting abundant levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as by reducing the overall bacterial burden.
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5.
Effects of Radio Frequency and Ultrasound Cavitation Therapy on Serum C-reactive Protein and Pro-oxidant-Antioxidant Levels.
Mohammadzadeh, M, Nasrfard, S, Nezafati, P, Arabpour, M, Ghaane, N, Salehi, M, Safarian, M, Ghayour-Mobarhan, M, Ferns, GA, Norouzy, A
Archives of Iranian medicine. 2016;(5):348-52
Abstract
BACKGROUND A combination of radio-frequency (RF) and ultrasound cavitation (UC) has been reported to reduce indices of obesity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of a combination of these techniques on anthropometric indices, pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB), and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). MATERIALS AND METHODS This randomized clinical trial was performed on 50 healthy women between January 2014 and June 2014 in Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran. Participants were randomized to one of two groups, both of which received a low-calorie diet containing 500-kcal energy deficit per day. The trial group included twenty-five subjects who were assigned to the combined treatment of RF and ultrasound cavitation program of abdomen and flank areas. There were twenty-five control subjects who received the low calorie diet alone. Biochemical markers, including serum hs-CRP and PAB values, and anthropometric indices were measured in the intervention group and healthy controls. RESULTS For both the intervention and control groups, waist circumference was reduced significantly by 3.76 ± 1.69 and 2.40 ± 1.04, respectively (P < 0.05). In addition, abdominal circumference was reduced by 9.5 ± 2.66 and 3.12 ± 1.88, in these groups, respectively (P < 0.001). Decrement of PAB level in the intervention group, and its increment in the control group, were not significant (P > 0.05). In addition, reductions of hs-CRP and PAB between the two studied groups during five weeks of study were not significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Although there were significant reductions in anthropometric indices following treatment with RF and UC, the effects on serum PAB or hs-CRP were no significantly different, compared to the control group. Further studies are needed to confirm the beneficial effect for the use of these techniques.
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6.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of three physiotherapeutic treatments for subacromial impingement syndrome: a randomised clinical trial.
Pérez-Merino, L, Casajuana, MC, Bernal, G, Faba, J, Astilleros, AE, González, R, Giralt, M, Romeu, M, Nogués, MR
Physiotherapy. 2016;(1):57-63
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether dexketoprofen administered by phonophoresis or iontophoresis is more effective for the treatment of subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) than conventional ultrasound therapy. DESIGN Randomised clinical trial. SETTING University hospital. PARTICIPANTS Ninety-nine participants with SIS without a complete tear of the rotator cuff were assigned at random to three intervention groups. INTERVENTION GROUPS Participants received ultrasound (n=32), phonophoresis with dexketoprofen (50mg/session) (n=33) or iontophoresis with dexketoprofen (50mg/session) (n=34). All participants completed 20 treatment sessions plus exercise therapy and cryotherapy. OUTCOME MEASURES A visual analogue scale (VAS), the Constant-Murley Scale (CMS) and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire were administered pre-treatment (baseline), post-treatment and 1 month post-treatment. RESULTS At baseline, there were no differences between the groups. Post-treatment, VAS score improved by -1.2 points and CMS score improved by 8.9 points in the ultrasound group compared with the iontophoresis group [95% confidence interval (CI) -0.2 to -2.2 and 95% CI 17.0 to 0.7, respectively]. CMS score improved by 7.1 points in the phonophoresis group compared with the iontophoresis group (95% CI 14.8 to -0.7). At 1 month post-treatment, no significant differences were detected between the groups. VAS, CMS and DASH scores of all groups improved post-treatment and at 1 month post-treatment. CONCLUSION Ultrasound, iontophoresis with dexketoprofen and phonophoresis with dexketoprofen can improve pain, shoulder function, and physical functioning and symptoms in the upper limb in patients with SIS without a complete tear of the rotator cuff. CLINICAL TRIALS. GOV REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01748188.
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7.
The Ultrachopper tip: a wound temperature study.
Barlow, WR, Pettey, J, Olson, RJ
Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie. 2013;(6):512-5
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the thermal characteristics of the Ultrachopper and its thermal properties in varied viscosurgical substances. DESIGN Experimental study. PARTICIPANTS Not applicable. METHODS The Ultrachopper (Alcon, Inc) tip with the Infiniti (Alcon, Inc) handpiece was attached to a thermistor and placed in a test chamber filled with either an ophthalmic viscosurgical device (OVD) or balanced salt solution (BSS). The thermistor allowed for continuous monitoring of temperature from baseline and the change that occurred over 60 seconds of continuous run time. RESULTS Mean maximum temperature in each OVD exceeded 50°C over the first 25 seconds of continuous run time. The mean maximum temperature was statistically significantly higher with all OVDs (p < 0.0001) when compared with BSS. A small but statistically significant difference in mean maximum temperature was shown between Healon 5 (AMO, Inc) and Viscoat (Alcon, Inc) (p < 0.05). The linear increase in temperature was statistically significantly different with all OVDs compared with BSS (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The thermal properties of the Ultrachopper tip demonstrate a heat-generating capacity that achieves published thresholds for risk for wound burn.
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8.
Comparison of the efficacy of ketoprofen phonophoresis, ultrasound, and short-wave diathermy in knee osteoarthritis.
Boyaci, A, Tutoglu, A, Boyaci, N, Aridici, R, Koca, I
Rheumatology international. 2013;(11):2811-8
Abstract
The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of three different deep heating modalities: phonophoresis (PH), short-wave diathermy (SWD), and ultrasound (US), in knee osteoarthritis. Patients who consented to participate in the study were randomly divided into the following three groups. Group 1 (n = 33) received PH, Group 2 (n = 33) received US, and Group 3 (n = 35) received SWD. These deep heating therapies were applied by the same therapist. Each therapy began with 20-min hot pack application. Each of the three physical therapy modalities was applied 5 days a week for 2 weeks (a total of 10 sessions). The patients were evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS) at rest, 15-m walking time, and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) both before and after the treatment. Moreover, at the end of the treatment, both the physician and the patient made an overall evaluation, by rating the treatment efficacy. The results of the study showed that VAS, 15-m walking time, and WOMAC parameters were improved with all three deep heating modalities, and all the three modalities were effective. However, there was no significant difference between the three modalities in terms of efficacy. There was also no significant difference between the three groups in terms of post-treatment general evaluation of the physician and the patient. The present study is the first to suggest that choosing one of PH/US/SWD therapy options would provide effective results and none of them are superior to the others, and we believe that these findings will be a basis for further studies.
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9.
Combining radiation force with cavitation for enhanced sonothrombolysis.
Chuang, YH, Cheng, PW, Li, PC
IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control. 2013;(1):97-104
Abstract
The use of acoustic radiation force has been suggested for enhancing the delivery of therapeutic substances, whereas sonothrombolysis has been developed for years as treatment by itself, or in combination with thrombolytic agents or ultrasound contrast agents. We have examined the efficacy of using acoustic radiation force to enhance the targeting of microbubbles in cavitation-induced sonothrombolysis in a flow phantom system. A clot was targeted by microbubbles using avidin-biotin binding, and the process was observed using a confocal microscope. We found that the experimental group in which radiation force was combined with cavitation showed an additional 3% to 9% weight reduction of the thrombus relative to the cavitation group. We also found that the fluorescence intensity of the clot increased with the microbubble concentration at each acoustic setting. Microbubbles traveled 10 to 20 μm further than the control group after being exposed to radiation force, cavitation, or both. These observations confirm that radiation force helps microbubbles to distribute into a clot (as does cavitation). Therefore, combining radiation force with cavitation would provide additional thrombolysis effects (based on clot weight measurements) relative to cavitation alone. A local delivery method based on acoustic radiation force has the potential to improve the safety and efficacy of sonothrombolysis.
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10.
Harmonic Focus™ versus "knot tying" during total thyroidectomy: a randomized trial.
Gentileschi, P, D'Ugo, S, Iaculli, E, Gaspari, AL
Updates in surgery. 2011;(4):277-81
Abstract
The objective of the study is to compare the outcome of total thyroidectomy (TT) using the Harmonic Focus™ (HF) versus conventional "knot tying" (KT) in terms of operative time, parathyroid function and post-operative complications. This prospective study was designed with a random allocation of subjects using a drawing technique. Eighty-one consecutive patients were submitted to TT in 2010 and randomly divided into two groups: 43 patients operated using HF (HF group) and 38 patients operated using KT (KT group). Parathyroid function was evaluated by parathyroid hormone (PTH) level at 1 h postoperatively and calcium level at first post-operative day. Indications for medical therapy were PTH < 15 pg/ml and/or calcium < 8.0 mg/dl and/or clinical signs or symptoms of hypocalcemia. Main outcomes were operative time, PTH and calcium levels, need for medical therapy and post-operative complications. Mean operative time was significantly lower in HF group compared with KT group (100 ± 34 vs. 119 ± 30 min). There were no significant differences concerning transient hypoparathyroidism requiring calcium and/or vitamin D therapy: 17 patients (39.5%) in HF group versus 21 (55.3%) in KT group. Five patients (11.6%) in HF group experienced symptomatic hypocalcemia versus 6 (15.8%) in KT group, without statistically significant difference. No patients experienced recurrent nerve injury. HF is a new ergonomic, reliable device developed for thyroid surgery. According to our results, HF is a safe, time-saving alternative to "knot tying" thyroidectomy, with no influence on parathyroid function, medical therapy and nerve injury.