Nutrients. 2019;11(10)
Plain language summary
Coeliac disease (CD) an immune-mediated intestinal disease that is primarily treated by a strict gluten-free diet. While only a small percentage of individuals develop CD by exposure to gluten, there is increasing research into the role of the gut microbiota in CD. The aim of this review was to discuss the association of the gut microbiota in patients with CD and explore if probiotics can modulate the gut microbiota in these patients. Based on the studies reviewed, the authors found there are common patterns in the gut microbiota composition among patients with CD. Studies also indicate that probiotics can modulate the gut microbiota in these patients. However, at this time, the exact function of the gut microbiota in the onset of CD remains unclear and further studies are needed to better understand its role in prevention, treatment and remission of CD.