1.
Molecular Signaling Interactions and Transport at the Osteochondral Interface: A Review.
Oliveira Silva, M, Gregory, JL, Ansari, N, Stok, KS
Frontiers in cell and developmental biology. 2020;:750
Abstract
Articular joints are comprised of different tissues, including cartilage and bone, with distinctive structural and mechanical properties. Joint homeostasis depends on mechanical and biological integrity of these components and signaling exchanges between them. Chondrocytes and osteocytes actively sense, integrate, and convert mechanical forces into biochemical signals in cartilage and bone, respectively. The osteochondral interface between the bone and cartilage allows these tissues to communicate with each other and exchange signaling and nutritional molecules, and by that ensure an integrated response to mechanical stimuli. It is currently not well known how molecules are transported between these tissues. Measuring molecular transport in vivo is highly desirable for tracking cartilage degeneration and osteoarthritis progression. Since transport of contrast agents, which are used for joint imaging, also depend on diffusion through the cartilage extracellular matrix, contrast agent enhanced imaging may provide a high resolution, non-invasive method for investigating molecular transport in the osteochondral unit. Only a few techniques have been developed to track molecular transport at the osteochondral interface, and there appear opportunities for development in this field. This review will describe current knowledge of the molecular interactions and transport in the osteochondral interface and discuss the potential of using contrast agents for investigating molecular transport and structural changes of the joint.
2.
Optical and electrochemical aptasensors for the detection of amphenicols.
Sadeghi, AS, Ansari, N, Ramezani, M, Abnous, K, Mohsenzadeh, M, Taghdisi, SM, Alibolandi, M
Biosensors & bioelectronics. 2018;:137-152
Abstract
Various methods have been introduced to detect amphenicols in biological samples. However, because of some problems involved in conventional methods, such as time-consuming processes, expensive equipment, and high consumption of reagents, novel strategies for the detection and quantitative determination of amphenicols are required. Aptamer-based biosensors with unique recognition features have gained much attention because of their rapid response, high specificity, and simple fabrication. In this study, we summarized the optical and electrochemical amphenicol aptasensors with a focus on the recent advancements and modern approaches in amphenicol aptasensors to provide readers with an inclusive understanding of their improvement.