0
selected
-
1.
Effects of gut microbiome-targeted therapies on cardiometabolic outcomes in children and adolescents: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.
Yan, L, Wang, M, Chen, J, Zhao, X, Wang, H
Medicine. 2020;(31):e21612
-
-
Free full text
-
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence indicates the role of gut microbiota in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Thus, gut microbiota is increasingly recognized as a potential therapeutic target of cardiovascular disease. However, the effects of gut microbiome-targeted therapies on cardiometabolic outcomes in children and adolescents remain unclear. METHODS We plan to perform a systematic search from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science. Two authors will independently select the relevant studies and extract data according to a previously defined data extraction sheet. We will use the Stata 14.0 statistical software and RevMan V.5.3 software to conduct data analyses. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and provide more evidence for the application of gut microbiome-targeted therapies in children and adolescents for the intervention of cardiovascular risk factors in clinical practice. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION NUMBER INPLASY202060050.
-
2.
Association between insurance status and mortality in individuals with albuminuria: an observational cohort study.
Saunders, MR, Ricardo, AC, Chen, J, Chin, MH, Lash, JP
BMC nephrology. 2016;:27
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the general population, the association between uninsurance and mortality is well established. We sought to evaluate the association of health insurance status with mortality among working-age participants with albuminuria in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994 (NHANES III). METHODS We used data from non-elderly adult participants (18-64) of NHANES III (1988-1994), a nationally representative study of the US civilian, noninstitutionalized population, who provided information on insurance and who had albuminuria, defined as a urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio [UACR] ≥ 30 mg/g and their subsequent mortality to December 31, 2006. Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine associations between insurance status and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in patients with CKD while adjusting in a stepwise fashion for sociodemographic factors, co-morbidities, and co-morbidity severity/control covariates. RESULTS In our sample of individuals with albuminuria (n = 903), mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 101.6 ml/min/1.73 m(2) with 4.7 % with an eGFR <60. Approximately 15 % of the sample was uninsured, 18 % had public insurance and 67 % had private insurance. Compared to individuals with private insurance, those with public insurance or no insurance were significantly more likely to be a racial or ethnic minority, to have income <200 % below the federal poverty level, to have less than high school education; and they were less likely to be married and to report good or excellent health, all p < 0.05. Being uninsured or having public insurance was associated with increased all-cause mortality in the fully adjusted model (HR 2.97 and 3.65, respectively, p < 0.05). There was no significant relationship between insurance status and cardiovascular mortality. CONCLUSIONS In a nationally representative sample of individuals with albuminuria, uninsurance and public insurance were associated with increased mortality compared to the private insurance even after controlling for sociodemographic, health status, and health care variables. Improving access to care and the quality of care received may potentially reduce mortality in individuals with evidence of early CKD.
-
3.
Efficacy of lifestyle interventions in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Huang, XL, Pan, JH, Chen, D, Chen, J, Chen, F, Hu, TT
European journal of internal medicine. 2016;:37-47
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current meta-analysis evaluated the outcomes of various lifestyle interventions, including diet modifications (DIET), physical activity (PA), and patient education (EDU) in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS Randomized clinical trials comparing lifestyle intervention with "usual care" (control) in type 2 diabetes patients were hand-searched from medical databases by two independent reviewers using the terms "diabetes, cardiovascular risk, lifestyle, health education, dietary, exercise/physical activities, and behavior intervention". RESULTS Of the 235 studies identified, 17 were chosen for the meta-analysis. The average age of patients ranged from 50-67.3 years. Results reveal no significant difference between the groups, with respect to BMI, while PA and DIET yielded a greater reduction in HbA1c. Significant reduction in both systolic and diastolic pressures in the DIET group, and diastolic pressure in the PA group, was observed. HDL-c in the DIET group was significantly higher than the control group, while no change in LDL-c levels, was seen in all three intervention subtypes. There was no difference between the EDU vs. the control group in terms of HbA1c, blood pressure or HDL-c and LDL-c. CONCLUSION DIET intervention showed an improvement in HbA1c, systolic/diastolic blood pressure and HDL-c, with an exception of LDL-c and BMI, suggesting that nutritional intervention had a significant impact on the quality of life by reducing the cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes patients.
-
4.
Rosuvastatin may reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndromes receiving percutaneous coronary intervention by suppressing miR-155/SHIP-1 signaling pathway.
Xie, W, Li, P, Wang, Z, Chen, J, Lin, Z, Liang, X, Mo, Y
Cardiovascular therapeutics. 2014;(6):276-82
-
-
Free full text
-
Abstract
PURPOSE The beneficial effect of rosuvastatin against percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) related procedural myocardial injury has been determined mostly in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). However, the detailed therapeutic mechanism has not been well studied. METHODS Patients with ACS receiving PCI (n = 159) were randomized to control group (placebo treatment) or to rosuvastatin group (20 mg 12 h before PCI, and a further 20 mg 2 h preprocedure dose). Levels of INF-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, miR-155/SHIP-1, and CD4(+)FoxP3(+)Treg in peripheral blood were detected before PCI and 24 h after PCI. Clinical data of these patients were also collected in this prospective study. RESULTS Compared with placebo, rosuvastatin treatment significantly reduced the incidence of periprocedural myocardial infarction (PMI) and levels of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) associated with decreased relative expression of serum miR-155, levels of inflammatory cytokines (INF-γ, TNF-α, and IL-6), increased SHIP-1 expression and CD4(+)FoxP3(+)Treg percentage values (P < 0.05). In addition, patients with rosuvastatin pretreatment also reduced incidence of 30 days major adverse cardiac events (MACE) compared to the patients with placebo treatment (16 patients vs. 28 patients, P = 0.038). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that high loading dose rosuvastatin pretreatment may reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events and levels of inflammatory markers in patients with ACS receiving PCI, which may be explained at least in part, by mechanism involving suppression of miR-155/SHIP-1 signaling pathway.
-
5.
Increase in fasting vascular endothelial function after short-term oral L-arginine is effective when baseline flow-mediated dilation is low: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Bai, Y, Sun, L, Yang, T, Sun, K, Chen, J, Hui, R
The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2009;(1):77-84
-
-
Free full text
-
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous trials suggest that oral l-arginine administration affects endothelial function. However, most of these studies were small, the conclusions were inconsistent, and the precise effects are therefore debatable. OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess the effect of oral l-arginine supplementation on endothelial function, as measured with the use of fasting flow-mediated dilation (FMD). DESIGN We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled l-arginine supplementation trials that evaluated endothelial function. Trials were identified in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, reviews, and reference lists of relevant papers. The weighted mean difference (WMD) was calculated for net changes in FMD by using random-effect models. Previously defined subgroup analyses and meta-regression analyses were performed to explore the influence of study characteristics. RESULTS Thirteen trials were included and evaluated. Because there was only one long-term study, we focused on short-term effects of l-arginine (12 studies, 492 participants). In an overall pooled estimate, l-arginine significantly increased FMD (WMD: 1.98%; 95% CI: 0.47, 3.48; P = 0.01). Meta-regression analysis indicated that the baseline FMD was inversely related to effect size (regression coefficient = -0.55; 95% CI: -1.00, -0.1; P = 0.016). A subgroup analysis suggested that l-arginine supplementation significantly increased FMD when the baseline FMD levels were <7% (WMD: 2.56%; 95% CI: 0.87, 4.25; P = 0.003), but had no effect on FMD when baseline FMD was >7% (WMD: -0.27%; 95% CI: -1.52, 0.97; P = 0.67). CONCLUSION Short-term oral l-arginine is effective at improving the fasting vascular endothelial function when the baseline FMD is low.