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Aptamer-based biosensors and application in tumor theranostics.
Mo, T, Liu, X, Luo, Y, Zhong, L, Zhang, Z, Li, T, Gan, L, Liu, X, Li, L, Wang, H, et al
Cancer science. 2022;(1):7-16
Abstract
An aptamer is a short oligonucleotide chain that can specifically recognize targeting analytes. Due to its high specificity, low cost, and good biocompatibility, aptamers as the targeting elements of biosensors have been applied widely in non-invasive tumor imaging and treatment in situ to replace traditional methods. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in using aptamer-based biosensors in tumor diagnosis. After a brief introduction of the advantage of aptamers compared with enzyme sensors and immune sensors, the different sensing designs and mechanisms based on 3 signal transduction modes will be reviewed to cover different kinds of analytical methods, including: electrochemistry analysis, colorimetry analysis, and fluorescence analysis. Finally, the prospective advantages of aptamer-based biosensors in tumor theranostics and post-treatment monitoring are also evaluated in this review.
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Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of zinc finger antisense 1 overexpression in cancers: A meta-analysis.
Leng, Y, Luo, Q, Chen, X, Chen, F, Wang, X, Pan, Y
Medicine. 2018;(49):e13378
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Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of studies have recently highlighted the role of zinc finger antisense 1(ZFAS1) as a prognostic marker in cancers. However, these results remain controversial. Hence, a meta-analysis was conducted to further investigate the effects of ZFAS1 expression on clinicopathological features and survival outcomes. METHOD All eligible studies were searched from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. All included articles evaluated the relationship between the expression levels of ZFAS1 and survival, or the range of pathological features in cancer patients. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed to evaluate the effect of ZFAS1 expression on overall survival (OS), relapse-free survival (RFS), and disease-free survival (DFS). The relationship between ZFAS1 expression and clinicopathological features was determined through pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. RESULTS In total 8 studies, which comprised of 820 patients, were qualified for analysis. Results revealed that the overexpression of ZFAS1 was significantly associated with poor OS (HR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.53-2.54), worse RFS (HR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.24-3.04) and worse DFS (HR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.43-3.88) in cancers. Further subgroup analysis revealed that ZFAS1 overexpression was significantly correlated with poor OS in different cancer types, HR obtain methods and sample sizes. In addition, this meta-analysis revealed that the upregulated expression of ZFAS1 was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis, Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) stage, and tumor size. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis revealed that the expression of ZFAS1 was associated with tumor prognosis. ZFAS1 could be used as a predictor for tumor progression in various cancers.
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Folate Receptor-Positive Circulating Tumor Cell Detected by LT-PCR-Based Method as a Diagnostic Biomarker for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.
Chen, X, Zhou, F, Li, X, Yang, G, Zhang, L, Ren, S, Zhao, C, Deng, Q, Li, W, Gao, G, et al
Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer. 2015;(8):1163-71
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate the diagnostic performance of folate receptor-positive circulating tumor cells in distinguishing non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from lung benign disease by using a novel ligand-targeted polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection technique. METHODS Circulating tumor cells were enriched from 3-ml peripheral blood by immunomagnetic depletion of leukocytes and then labeled with a conjugate of a tumor-specific ligand folic acid and a synthesized oligonucleotide. After washing off free conjugates, the stripped bound conjugates were analyzed by quantitative PCR. RESULTS Seven hundred fifty-six participants (473 patients with NSCLC, 227 patients with lung benign disease, and 56 healthy donors) were randomly assigned to a training set and a test set. The circulating tumor cell (CTC) levels in patients with NSCLC were significant higher than those with lung benign disease (p < 0.001) and healthy donors (p < 0.001). Compared with carcinoembryonic antigen, neuron-specific enolase, and Cyfra21-1, CTCs displayed the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (training set, 0.815; validation set, 0.813) in the diagnosis of NSCLC, with a markedly sensitivity (training set, 72.46%; validation set, 76.37%) and specificity (training set, 88.65%; validation set, 82.39%). The model combining CTCs with carcinoembryonic antigen, neuron-specific enolase, and Cyfra21-1 was more effective for the diagnosis of NSCLC than tumor makers alone (sensitivity and specificity in the training set, 84.21% and 83.91%; validation set, 88.78% and 87.36%, respectively). In addition, the CTC levels were higher in patients with stage III/IV NSCLC compared with those with stage I/II disease. CONCLUSION Ligand-targeted PCR technique was feasible and reliable for detecting folate receptor-positive CTCs in patients with NSCLC, and CTC levels could be used as a useful biomarker for the diagnosis of NSCLC.
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Diagnostic value of S100P for pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis.
Hu, H, Zhang, Q, Huang, C, Shen, Y, Chen, X, Shi, X, Tang, W
Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine. 2014;(10):9479-85
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a fatal disease with a high mortality and poor prognosis. PC is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in America, and 80 % of PCs are diagnosed at an unresectable stage. Effective early detection assays are crucial since a successful operation at early stage is the best strategy for this disease. S100 calcium-binding protein P (S100P) has been reported as a predictive diagnostic index for PC and involves in the development of PC. However, the diagnostic accuracy of S100P in detecting PC has never been systematically assessed. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of S100P for PC. All relevant original articles about S100P in the diagnosis of PC published up to December 2013 were retrieved. The methodological quality of each study was assessed by QUADAS. The overall diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), with 95 % confidence interval (CI), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were pooled to evaluate the diagnostic value of S100P for PC using the Meta-DiSc1.4 statistical software. Eight studies met our criteria in the present meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and DOR calculated by the bivariate random effects model were 0.87 (95 % CI 0.83-0.90), 0.88 (95 % CI 0.82-0.93), and 38.32 (95 % CI 11.22-130.87), respectively. The summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was located near the desirable left corner and the AUC was 0.9272. The current evidence suggests that S100P plays an important role in the diagnosis of PC with a high sensitivity and specificity. S100P may be regarded as a promising diagnostic marker to PC screening.