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Serum lipid levels in relation to clinical outcomes in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus: an observational cohort study.
Li, Y, Wang, X, Jiang, F, Chen, W, Li, J, Chen, X
Lipids in health and disease. 2021;(1):125
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on dyslipidemia during pregnancy in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has rarely been conducted in Asia. The present study aimed to evaluate maternal mid-trimester lipid profile in relation to GDM and clinical outcomes in these high-risk populations. METHODS The medical records of 632 pregnant women in the second trimester were retrospectively analyzed. Maternal fasting serum lipids were assayed for total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein A1 (Apo A1) and Apo B concentrations during the second trimester. The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) was calculated as log (TG/HDL). The clinical outcomes were collected by evaluating delivery mode, postpartum hemorrhage, prematurity, macrosomia, birth weight, body length and neonatal Apgar 5 min score. RESULTS Levels of TG and AIP were elevated while decreased HDL-C was observed in women with GDM compared with that of the control group. Significant differences were observed in gestational weeks at birth, cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage, birth weight, body length, prematurity and macrosomia between the two groups. Compared with women with hyperlipidemia, the incidence of GDM and cesarean section was lower in normal lipid group. Women in the hyperlipidemia group had smaller gestational weeks at birth than those in the control group. According to the logistic regression analysis, each unit elevation in AIP increased the risk of GDM by 18.48 times (OR = 18.48, CI: 2.38-143.22). Besides, age (OR = 1.11, CI: 1.06-1.16) and pre-pregnancy BMI (OR = 1.15, CI: 1.07-1.24) were the risk factors of GDM. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that reasonable lipid control in the second trimester might reduce the incidence of GDM and be a potential strategy for improving clinical outcomes in these high-risk women.
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Effects of wine on blood pressure, glucose parameters, and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis of randomized interventional trials (PRISMA Compliant).
Ye, J, Chen, X, Bao, L
Medicine. 2019;(23):e15771
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies identified conflicting results about the effects of wine intake on glucose parameters and the risk of cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The present study further investigated the association between wine digestion and these outcomes in T2DM patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A search of PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases (up to November 2018) was performed for randomized interventional trials which evaluated the effect of wine on blood pressure (BP), glucose parameters and lipid profiles in T2DM people. We used a variety of tests: fixed and random effects models, Q Cochrane test and I index, Egger and Begg tests, forest plots, and sensitivity analysis in our study. RESULTS A total of 9 randomized interventional studies were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, significant association between wine intake with diastolic BP (weighted mean difference [WMD] = 0.10; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: -0.01 to 0.20, P = .03 I = 13%) and total cholesterol (TC) (WMD = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.02-0.31, P = .03, I = 6%), whereas no noticeable differences in glucose parameters, systolic BP, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) were identified between wine and controls groups (fasting glucose [FG],WMD = -0.00, 95% CI: -0.58 to 0.58; fasting insulin [FI], -0.22, -2.09 to 1.65; HbAc1%, -0.16, -0.40 to 0.07; systolic blood pressure, 0.12, -0.05 to 0.28; LDLC, -0.02, -0.25 to 0.21; TG, -0.34, -1.31 to 0.64; HDLC, 0.22, -0.08 to 0.53]. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis revealed that moderate wine consumption among T2DM patients could reduce the level of diastolic blood pressure and TC, but not glucose parameters and other cardiovascular risk factors.
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Diets Enriched with Conventional or High-Oleic Acid Canola Oils Lower Atherogenic Lipids and Lipoproteins Compared to a Diet with a Western Fatty Acid Profile in Adults with Central Adiposity.
Bowen, KJ, Kris-Etherton, PM, West, SG, Fleming, JA, Connelly, PW, Lamarche, B, Couture, P, Jenkins, DJA, Taylor, CG, Zahradka, P, et al
The Journal of nutrition. 2019;(3):471-478
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Novel oils high in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and low in saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are an alternative to partially hydrogenated oils high in trans-unsaturated fatty acids. There is widespread use of high-MUFA oils across the food industry; however, limited knowledge of their cardiovascular impact exists. OBJECTIVES We investigated the effects of diets containing canola oil, high-oleic acid canola oil (HOCO), and a control oil blend (diet formulated to emulate a Western fat profile) on lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins (apos), as secondary outcomes of the trial. METHODS In a multi-center, double-blind, randomized, 3-period crossover, controlled feeding trial, men (n = 44) and women (n = 75) with a mean age of 44 y, mean body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2) of 31.7, and an increased waist circumference plus ≥1 metabolic syndrome criteria consumed prepared, weight-maintenance diets containing canola oil [17.5% MUFAs, 9.2% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), 6.6% SFAs], HOCO (19.1% MUFAs, 7.0% PUFAs, 6.4% SFAs), or control oil (10.5% MUFAs, 10.0% PUFAs, 12.3% SFAs) for 6 wk with ≥4-wk washouts. Fasting serum lipids were assessed at baseline and 6 wk. Diet effects were examined using a repeated measures mixed model. RESULTS Compared with the control, canola and HOCO diets resulted in lower endpoint total cholesterol (TC; -4.2% and -3.4%; P < 0.0001), LDL cholesterol (-6.6% and -5.6%; P < 0.0001), apoB (-3.7% and -3.4%; P = 0.002), and non-HDL cholesterol (-4.5% and -4.0%; P = 0.001), with no differences between canola diets. The TC:HDL cholesterol and apoB:apoA1 ratios were lower after the HOCO diet than after the control diet (-3.7% and -3.4%, respectively). There were no diet effects on triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, or apoA1 concentrations. CONCLUSIONS HOCO, with increased MUFAs at the expense of decreased PUFAs, elicited beneficial effects on lipids and lipoproteins comparable to conventional canola oil and consistent with reduced cardiovascular disease risk in adults with central adiposity. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02029833.
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Effects of Mediterranean-style diet on glycemic control, weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors among type 2 diabetes individuals: a meta-analysis.
Huo, R, Du, T, Xu, Y, Xu, W, Chen, X, Sun, K, Yu, X
European journal of clinical nutrition. 2015;(11):1200-8
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Studies suggest that the Mediterranean-style diet (MSD) may improve glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the results are inconsistent. We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to explore the effects of MSD on glycemic control, weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors in T2D patients. SUBJECTS/METHODS We performed searches of EMBASE, Cochrane Library and PubMed databases up to February 2014. We included RCTs that compared the MSD with control diets in patients with T2D. Effect size was estimated as mean difference with 95% confidence interval (CI) by using random effect models. RESULTS The meta-analysis included nine studies with 1178 patients. Compared with control diets, MSD led to greater reductions in hemoglobin A1c (mean difference, -0.30; 95% CI, -0.46 to -0.14), fasting plasma glucose (-0.72 mmol/l; CI, -1.24 to -0.21), fasting insulin (-0.55 μU/ml; CI, -0.81 to -0.29), body mass index (-0.29 kg/m(2); CI, -0.46 to -0.12) and body weight (-0.29 kg; CI, -0.55 to -0.04). Likewise, concentrations of total cholesterol and triglyceride were decreased (-0.14 mmol/l; CI, -0.19 to -0.09 and -0.29 mmol/l; CI, -0.47 to -0.10, respectively), and high-density lipoprotein was increased (0.06 mmol/l; CI, 0.02 to 0.10). In addition, MSD was associated with a decline of 1.45 mm Hg (CI, -1.97 to -0.94) for systolic blood pressure and 1.41 mm Hg (CI, -1.84 to -0.97) for diastolic blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS The present meta-analysis provides evidence that MSD improves outcomes of glycemic control, body weight and cardiovascular risk factors in T2D patients.
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The serum lipid profiles of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients: A study from south-west China and a meta-analysis.
Huang, R, Guo, X, Chen, X, Zheng, Z, Wei, Q, Cao, B, Zeng, Y, Shang, H
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis & frontotemporal degeneration. 2015;(5-6):359-65
Abstract
Associations between the fasting levels of serum lipid and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in Chinese populations remain largely unknown. Our objective was to analyse data from a cohort of ALS patients to determine these associations. Four hundred and thirteen ALS patients and 400 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were included. Fasting serum lipid concentration of all subjects, including total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG), were measured at the time of first visit. The revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R) was used to assess the severity of ALS. Systems Analysis by Review Manager 5 was used to evaluate differences in dyslipidaemia between ALS patients and controls. Results showed that ALS patients with higher triglyceride levels had longer survival time compared to patients with lower triglyceride levels (p < 0.05). We found a median prolonged life expectancy of 5.8 months for patients with serum triglyceride levels above the median of 127.5 mg/dl. Cox regression analysis indicated that disease duration and age were positively correlated with death, and triglyceride was positively correlated with survival. A meta-analysis indicated that there were no significant differences in mean total cholesterol, TG, LDL or the LDL/HDL ratio between patients and controls. In conclusion, high serum TG might be a protective factor for the survival of patients with ALS.
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Dyslipidemia in relation to body mass index and insulin resistance in Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
Hong, Y, Yang, D, Liu, W, Zhao, X, Chen, X, Li, L
Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents. 2011;(3):365-74
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is a common metabolic disorder in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and has been reported to be different in PCOS sufferers from various ethnic and geographic backgrounds. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of dyslipidemia in Chinese women with PCOS and its relationship to body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance (IR). In this paper, a retrospective study was performed on 507 PCOS patients and 1246 age- and BMI-matched controls. Anthropometric indices of hormonal, adiposity, and metabolic variables were measured. All patients were divided into subgroups according to BMI and the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) values. Accordingly, the prevalence of IR was 38.1 percent in our subjects. We found that mean fasting total triglyceride, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and total cholesterol levels were significantly higher and the mean high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level was significantly lower in the IR group than in the non-IR (NIR) group. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 24.7 percent in PCOS patients and the prevalence of dyslipidemia was significantly higher in the IR group than in the NIR group (39.9 percent vs 15.3 percent, P<0.05). The HOMA index was found to be positively correlated with TG, TC and LDL, and negatively correlated with HDL. TG and HDL levels remained significantly correlated with HOMA even after adjustment for BMI. Generally, the prevalence of various patterns of dyslipidemia in PCOS patients increased with HOMA value. In conclusion, the prevalence of IR and dyslipidemia were both found to be high in PCOS women in our study, although no higher than other ethnicities. Lipid abnormality was demonstrated to be associated with IR and BMI in Chinese PCOS women. We speculate that insulin sensitizer might ameliorate dyslipidemia through improving IR in PCOS women.
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[Cultivating an oleaginous microalgae with municipal wastewater].
Lü, S, Zhang, W, Peng, X, Chen, X, Liu, T
Sheng wu gong cheng xue bao = Chinese journal of biotechnology. 2011;(3):445-52
Abstract
Municipal wastewater is usually problematic for the environment. The process of oleaginous microalgal culture requires large amounts of nutrients and water. Therefore, we studied the feasibility of oleaginous microalgal culture of Scenedesmus dimorphus in bubbled column photobioreactor with municipal wastewater added with different nutrients. S. dimorphus could adapt municipal nutrient-rich wastewater by adding some nutrients as nitrogen, phosphorus, ferric ammonium citrate and trace elements, and the amounts of such nutrients have significant effects on cell growth, biomass yield and lipid accumulation. At optimum compositions of wastewater medium, the algal cell concentration could reach 8.0 g/L, higher than that of 5.0 g/L in standard BG11. Furthermore, S. dimorphus had strong capacity to absorb inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus from its culture water. There was almost no total nitrogen and phosphorus residues in culture medium after three or four days culturing when the adding mounts of nitrate and phosphate in wastewater medium were no more than 185.2 mg/L and 16.1 mg/L respectively under the experimental conditions. As a conclusion, it was feasible to cultivate oleaginous microalgae with municipal nutrient-rich wastewater, not only producing feedstock for algal biodiesel, but also removing inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater.