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A Smartphone Intervention to Promote Time Restricted Eating Reduces Body Weight and Blood Pressure in Adults with Overweight and Obesity: A Pilot Study.
Prasad, M, Fine, K, Gee, A, Nair, N, Popp, CJ, Cheng, B, Manoogian, ENC, Panda, S, Laferrère, B
Nutrients. 2021;(7)
Abstract
The goal of this study was to test the feasibility of time restricted eating (TRE) in adults with overweight and obesity. Participants (n = 50) logged all eating occasions (>0 kcal) for a 2-week run-in period using a smartphone application. Participants with eating duration ≥14 h enrolled in an open label, non-randomized, prospective 90-day TRE intervention, with a self-selected reduced eating window of 10 h. No dietary counseling was provided. Changes in anthropometrics, eating patterns and adherence after TRE were analyzed using t-tests or Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test. The mean duration of the baseline eating window was 14 h 32 m ± 2 h 36 m (n = 50) with 56% of participants with duration ≥14 h. TRE participants (n = 16) successfully decreased their eating window from 16 h 04 m ± 1 h 24 m to 11 h 54 m ± 2 h 06 m (p < 0.001), and reduced the number of daily eating occasions by half (p < 0.001). Adherence to logging and to the reduced eating window was 64% ± 22% and 47% ± 19%, respectively. TRE resulted in decreases in body weight (-2.1 ± 3.0 kg, p = 0.017), waist circumference (-2.2 ± 4.6 cm, p = 0.002) and systolic blood pressure (-12 ± 11 mmHg, p = 0.002). This study demonstrates the feasibility and efficacy of TRE administered via a smartphone, in adults with overweight and obesity.
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Cortical atrophy and transcallosal diaschisis following isolated subcortical stroke.
Cheng, B, Dietzmann, P, Schulz, R, Boenstrup, M, Krawinkel, L, Fiehler, J, Gerloff, C, Thomalla, G
Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism. 2020;(3):611-621
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Abstract
Following acute ischemic stroke, isolated subcortical lesions induce gray matter atrophy in anatomically connected, yet distant cortical brain regions. We expand on previous studies by analyzing cortical thinning in contralesional, homologous regions indirectly linked to primary stroke lesions via ipsilesional cortical areas. For this purpose, stroke patients were serially studied by magnetic resonance imaging (diffusion tensor imaging and high-resolution anatomical imaging) in the acute (days 3-5) and late chronic stage one year after stroke. We analyzed changes of gray and white matter integrity in 18 stroke patients (median age 68 years) with subcortical stroke. We applied probabilistic fiber tractography to identify brain regions connected to stroke lesions and contralesional homologous areas. Cortical thickness was quantified by semi-automatic measurements, and fractional anisotropy was analyzed. One year after stroke, significant decrease of cortical thickness was detected in areas connected to ischemic lesions (mean -0.15 mm; 95% CI -0.23 to -0.07 mm) as well as homologous contralateral brain regions (mean -0.13 mm; 95% CI -0.07 to -0.19 mm). We detected reduced white matter integrity of inter- and intrahemispheric fiber tracts. There were no significant associations with clinical recovery. Our results indicate that impact of subcortical lesions extends to homologous brain areas via transcallosal diaschisis.
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Efficacy and Safety of Nadroparin Calcium-Warfarin Sequential Anticoagulation in Portal Vein Thrombosis in Cirrhotic Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Zhou, T, Sun, X, Zhou, T, Li, Y, Chen, X, Cheng, B, Gao, Y
Clinical and translational gastroenterology. 2020;(9):e00228
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anticoagulation therapy in portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in patients with cirrhosis is still a matter of debate. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nadroparin calcium-warfarin sequential (NWS) anticoagulation therapy in cirrhotic patients and to find an optimal anticoagulation strategy. METHODS Consecutive cirrhotic patients with PVT who have not received anticoagulation therapy were randomly divided into the NWS therapy group (1-month nadroparin calcium by subcutaneous injection followed by 5-month warfarin by oral administration) and control group (no anticoagulation therapy). Overall recanalization rate of PVT and risks of bleeding were evaluated at the sixth month. RESULTS Among 64 patients, complete or partial recanalization of PVT was observed in 20/32 NSW therapy group patients vs 11/32 control group patients (62.5% vs 34.4%, P = 0.024), with no statistically significant difference in bleeding rate. Child-Pugh score (P = 0.023), D-dimer < 2.00 μg/mL (P = 0.020), and NWS anticoagulation therapy (P = 0.004) were predictors associated with the recanalization. NWS anticoagulation therapy (P = 0.008) was an independent predicting factor of recanalization. In the NWS therapy group, the Child-Pugh score (P = 0.007) and albumin level (P = 0.004) were improved in the sixth month. DISCUSSION NWS anticoagulation therapy was effective and safe in PVT patients with cirrhosis and could increase the level of albumin. NWS therapy is safe and easily accepted.
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Body mass index (BMI) as predictor of ALSFRS-R score decline in ALS patients.
Reich-Slotky, R, Andrews, J, Cheng, B, Buchsbaum, R, Levy, D, Kaufmann, P, Thompson, JL
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis & frontotemporal degeneration. 2013;(3):212-6
Abstract
Recent studies of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) suggest that body mass index (BMI) predicts patients' survival in a curvilinear manner. We sought to determine the relationship of initial BMI to decline in the revised Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R) score over time. We used data from the high dose Coenzyme-Q10 in ALS (QALS) clinical trial, with in-person ALSFRS-R interviews at baseline and nine months (n = 150). Multiple regression analysis allowed adjustment for a range of predictors. The final analysis, adjusted for age and FVC, indicated a significant, non-linear association of BMI with the change of ALSFRS-R over time (p < 0.01). The smallest decline was at BMI of 30. Among non-obese patients (BMI < 30, n = 126), higher BMI was associated with slower ALSFRS-R decline (p = 0.03). Among obese patients (BMI ≥ 30, n = 24), higher BMI was associated, although not significantly, with faster decline (p = 0.17). In conclusion, for ALS patient with BMI less than 30, higher initial BMI predicts slower functional decline. For patients with BMI greater than 30, higher initial BMI predicts more rapid decline. These results indicate that previous, apparently contradictory results can be reconciled, and suggest that initial BMI may help predict disease progression in ALS patients.
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[Comparison of effects of taizhi' an capsule and pravastatin on vascular endothelial function in senile patients with coronary heart disease].
Qi, BL, Cheng, B, Zhang, QH
Zhongguo Zhong xi yi jie he za zhi Zhongguo Zhongxiyi jiehe zazhi = Chinese journal of integrated traditional and Western medicine. 2004;(5):404-7
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the anti-atherosclerosis effect of Taizhi'an Capsule (TZA) for providing a theoretical base of its application in preventing coronary heart disease (CHD), by way of observing the effects of TZA and pravastatin (PVT) on vascular endothelial function in senile patients with CHD. METHODS Seventy-eight Senile patients with CHD were randomly divided into the TZA group and the PVT group, 39 in each group. Changes of carotid arterial intima-media thickness (IMT) and brachial arterial endothelium dependent diastolic function (FMD) before and after treatment were observed by non-invasive ultrasound test technique, and levels of serum nitric oxide (NO) and plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) were determined as well. RESULTS After TAZ treatment, IMT decreased from 1.21 +/- 0.17 mm to 0.91 +/- 0.13 mm, FMD increased from 5.02 +/- 0.58% to 8.97 +/- 0.39%, ET-1 lowered from 95.93 +/- 19.41 ng/L to 49.35 +/- 53.27 ng/L, and NO enhanced from 42.56 +/- 14.12 mumol/L to 69.84 +/- 21.96 mumol/L; after PVT treatment, the corresponding changes were 1.25 +/- 0.21 mm to 0.88 +/- 0.32 mm, 4.90 +/- 0.37% to 8.12 +/- 0.25%, 89.35 +/- 10.02 ng/L to 47.96 +/- 11.05 ng/L and 51.71 +/- 9.39 mumol/L to 72.93 +/- 16.51 mumol/L, all the changes were statistically significant. CONCLUSION TZA can obviously improve the vascular endothelial function in old patients with CHD, which has the anti-atherosclerosis effect similar to that of PVT.