1.
Dairy consumption and gastric cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies.
Guo, Y, Shan, Z, Ren, H, Chen, W
Nutrition and cancer. 2015;(4):555-68
Abstract
Studies investigating the association of dairy consumption with gastric cancer risk have reported inconsistent findings. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to review and summarize the epidemiologic evidence on the relation of total dairy and milk consumption with risk of gastric cancer. We summarized the available literature on this topic using meta-analysis of relative risks (RR) associated with total dairy and milk intake. The total of 17 case-control and 6 cohort studies (3256 cases) were eligible for inclusion. When comparing the highest with the lowest category of total dairy intake, the results of cohort studies indicated that increased consumption of total dairy food was associated with a reduced risk of gastric cancer (RR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.64-0.91), whereas case-control studies provided no association. In subgroup analysis, significantly inverse associations between total diary food consumption and gastric cancer risk were observed in Europe subgroup (RR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.54-0.99), U.S. subgroup (RR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.63-0.98) but not in Asia subgroup. However, milk consumption was not associated with gastric cancer risk no matter in main or subgroup analysis. The results of cohort studies, but not case-control studies, suggested that total dairy might be related to the reduction of gastric cancer risk. Milk consumption was not associated with gastric cancer risk.
2.
Coffee consumption and risk of gastric cancer: a large updated meta-analysis of prospective studies.
Xie, F, Wang, D, Huang, Z, Guo, Y
Nutrients. 2014;(9):3734-46
Abstract
The potential role of coffee consumption in the development of various types of cancer has been extensively investigated in epidemiologic studies. How coffee consumption may modulate risk of gastric cancer, however, remains a subject open for investigation. To better quantify this relation, we quantitatively summarized evidence from prospective studies. Eligible studies were identified on PubMed and Embase databases. The summary risk estimates were obtained using the random-effects model. Subgroup, sensitivity and dose-response analyses were conducted. The present meta-analysis included 12 prospective cohort studies. A pooled analysis of these studies suggested that coffee consumption (highest vs. lowest consumption) was not associated with risk of gastric cancer (RR = 1.12, 95% CI = 0.93-1.36). In the subgroup analysis, significant increased risk was detected in the U.S. studies (RR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.06-1.74) and in the studies with <10 years of follow-up (RR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.00-1.54), and the greatest increase in risk was observed in those studies without adjustment for smoking (RR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.13-1.93). There was some evidence of publication bias (P for Egger's test = 0.03). Cumulative evidence from prospective studies suggests that coffee consumption is not associated with risk of gastric cancer. The observed positive results may be confounded by smoking and need further investigation.