1.
Effects of Exercise Intervention Program on Bone Mineral Accretion in Children and Adolescents with Cystic Fibrosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Gupta, S, Mukherjee, A, Lodha, R, Kabra, M, Deepak, KK, Khadgawat, R, Talwar, A, Kabra, SK
Indian journal of pediatrics. 2019;(11):987-994
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate effect of one year exercise intervention program on bone mineral accrual in children and adolescent with cystic fibrosis (CF). METHODS Fifty-two CF children (mean age 149.79 mo) were randomized into experimental (15 boys and 10 girls) and control groups (15 boys and 12 girls). Experimental group performed prescribed exercises three times/week, while control group continued with routine physical activities for one year. Following were assessed at baseline and at one year: Bone mineral density (BMD) of whole body and lumbar spine, pulmonary function, exercise capacity, quality of life and habitual activity. RESULTS Change in whole body and lumbar spine BMD over 12 mo in experimental group was lower by 0.006 g/cm2 (95% CI -0.02 to 0.02) and higher by 0.001 g/cm2 (95% CI -0.04 to 0.03) than controls, respectively. However, difference between groups was non-significant for both parameters. Experimental group had a significant improvement in their exercise capacity (p = 0.006), quality of life, and serum vitamin D (p = 0.007) levels. Differences between groups for changes in pulmonary function and habitual activity were non-significant. CONCLUSIONS Exercise regime was not associated with significant improvement in BMD of CF patients, but it had a positive impact on both physical and psychological health of these patients.
2.
Nordic walking training and nutritional supplementation in pre-frail older Indians: an open-labelled experimental pre-test and post-test pilot study to develop intervention model.
Chatterjee, P, Kumar, P, Kandel, R, Madan, R, Tyagi, M, Kumar, DA, Khan, MA, Desai, G, Chaudhary, P, Gupta, S, et al
BMC geriatrics. 2018;(1):212
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying and treating people in a pre-frail state may be an effective way to prevent or delay frailty and preserve their functional capacity. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of, and compliance with, a 12 week individualized nutritional supplementation (INS) and Nordic walking (NW) program in pre-frail older Indians. The primary measure is physical performance, as indicated by Fried's Frailty scale. Other measures include: cognition, as indicated by the Hindi Mental Status Examination; mood, by the Geriatric Depression Scale; and nutritional status, by the Mini Nutritional Assessment. METHODS This is an open-labeled experimental pre-test and post-test study, which took place from October 2012 to December 2014. The study was approved by Institute Ethics committee (IEC/NP-350/2012/RP-26/2012) at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi. Participants were sixty-six pre-frail elderly, who were randomly allocated into three subgroups, namely: A (NW only), B (INS only), and C (NW and INS). One-way ANOVA was used to statistically assess differences in baseline characteristics for quantitative variables, with the Chi-Square/Fischer exact test utilized for qualitative variables. Paired t-tests were used to assess pre and post intervention difference within the group for quantitative variables, with McNemar's Chi-Square test used for qualitative variables. Kruskal Wallis test was used to assess significant intervention effects among the groups. A p-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS There was significant effect of intervention in gait speed in group A (p = 0.001) and C (p = 0.002), but not in group B (p = 0.926). While there was no significant change in grip strength in Group A (p = 0.488) and B (p = 0.852), a statistically significant increase was observed in group C (p = 0.013). Mood significantly improved in group B (p = 0.025) and C (p = 0.021). No significant difference was noted in cognitive status across groups. Following the interventions, a total of 18.18% of pre-frail participants were classified as non-frail. CONCLUSIONS Combining NW and INS provides a simple, pragmatic intervention with efficacy in the management of functionally vulnerable older adults, and allows their maintained independence. Future studies should replicate this readily applicable intervention in a larger cohort with a longer follow-up period. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trial Registry-India CTRI/2016/05/006937 [Registered on: 16/05/2016]; Trial was Registered Retrospectively.