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Liraglutide Improves Forced Vital Capacity in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: Data From the Randomized Crossover LIRALUNG Study.
López-Cano, C, Ciudin, A, Sánchez, E, Tinahones, FJ, Barbé, F, Dalmases, M, García-Ramírez, M, Soto, A, Gaeta, AM, Pellitero, S, et al
Diabetes. 2022;(2):315-320
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Abstract
To evaluate the effect of liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist, on pulmonary function and serum levels of surfactant protein D (SP-D) in type 2 diabetes. A double-blind, randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled clinical trial comprising 76 patients with a baseline forced expiratory volume in 1 s <90% of that predicted. Liraglutide was administered for 7 weeks (2 weeks of titration plus 5 weeks at 1.8 mg daily). This short duration was intentional to minimize weight loss as a potential confounding factor. Serum level of SP-D was used as a biomarker of alveolar-capillary barrier integrity. Liraglutide exerted a positive impact on forced vital capacity (FVC) in comparison with placebo (ΔFVC 5.2% of predicted [from 0.8 to 9.6]; P = 0.009). No differences in the other pulmonary variables were observed. Participants under liraglutide treatment also experienced a decrease in serum SP-D (P = 0.038). The absolute change in FVC correlated with final serum SP-D in participants receiving liraglutide (r = -0.313, P = 0.036). Stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed that final serum SP-D independently predicted changes in FVC. In conclusion, liraglutide increased FVC in patients with type 2 diabetes. This effect was associated with a significant decrease of circulating SP-D, thus pointing to a beneficial effect in the alveolar-capillary function.
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Outcomes of Bariatric Surgery in Patients with Cirrhosis.
Miñambres, I, Rubio, MA, de Hollanda, A, Breton, I, Vilarrasa, N, Pellitero, S, Bueno, M, Lecube, A, Marcuello, C, Goday, A, et al
Obesity surgery. 2019;(2):585-592
Abstract
CONTEXT Information concerning the risk-benefit profile of bariatric surgery in subjects with liver cirrhosis is scarce. Our aim was to describe the long-term outcomes of bariatric surgery in a cohort of patients with liver cirrhosis submitted to bariatric surgery. METHODS This was a multicenter, retrospective observational study performed by the Obesity Group of the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition (GOSEEN), with a review of patients with cirrhosis who had undergone bariatric surgery during the period from April 2004 to March 2017 in ten public reference hospitals in Spain. RESULTS Data on 41 patients with cirrhosis submitted to obesity surgery were collected (mean age 53.8 ± 7.9 years, 46.3% women, presurgical BMI 45 ± 8.3 kg/m2). All but one patient belonged to Child-Pugh class A, and sleeve gastrectomy was conducted in 68.3% of cases. Percentage of total weight loss (%TWL) was 26.33 ± 8.3% and 21.16 ± 15.32% at 1 and 5 years after surgery, respectively. This was accompanied by a significant reduction of type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and dyslipidemia and by an improvement of liver enzymes over time. Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) index increased from 7.2 ± 1.9 to 9.8 ± 4.6 after 5 years. Seven patients (17%) developed early postsurgical complications. No postsurgical mortality was observed. During follow-up, only five patients developed liver decompensation. CONCLUSIONS Bariatric surgery in selected patients with liver cirrhosis has metabolic benefits that could have a positive impact on liver prognosis. TRIAL REGISTRATION Controlledtrials.com Identifier: 10.1186/ISRCTN15009106.
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Subcutaneous advanced glycation end-products and lung function according to glucose abnormalities: The ILERVAS Project.
Sánchez, E, Lecube, A, Betriu, À, Hernández, C, López-Cano, C, Gutiérrez-Carrasquilla, L, Kerkeni, M, Yeramian, A, Purroy, F, Pamplona, R, et al
Diabetes & metabolism. 2019;(6):595-598
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Characteristics of atheromatosis in the prediabetes stage: a cross-sectional investigation of the ILERVAS project.
Sánchez, E, Betriu, À, López-Cano, C, Hernández, M, Fernández, E, Purroy, F, Bermúdez-López, M, Farràs-Sallés, C, Barril, S, Pamplona, R, et al
Cardiovascular diabetology. 2019;(1):154
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prediabetes has recently been associated with subclinical atheromatous disease in the middle-aged population. Our aim was to characterize atheromatous plaque burden by the number of affected territories and the total plaque area in the prediabetes stage. METHODS Atheromatous plaque burden (quantity of plaques and total plaque area) was assessed in 12 territories from the carotid and femoral regions using ultrasonography in 6688 non-diabetic middle-aged subjects without cardiovascular disease. Prediabetes was defined by glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) between 5.7 and 6.4% according to the American Diabetes Association guidelines. RESULTS Prediabetes was diagnosed in 33.9% (n = 2269) of the ILERVAS participants. Subjects with prediabetes presented a higher prevalence of subclinical atheromatous disease than participants with HbA1c < 5.7% (70.4 vs. 67.5%, p = 0.017). In the population with prediabetes this was observed at the level of the carotid territory (p < 0.001), but not in the femoral arteries. Participants in the prediabetes stage also presented a significantly higher number of affected territories (2 [1;3] vs. 1 [0;3], p = 0.002), with a positive correlation between HbA1c levels and the number of affected territories (r = 0.068, p < 0.001). However, atheromatosis was only significantly (p = 0.016) magnified by prediabetes in those subjects with 3 or more cardiovascular risk factors. The multivariable logistic regression model showed that the well-established cardiovascular risk factors together with HbA1c were independently associated with the presence of atheromatous disease in participants with prediabetes. When males and females were analyzed separately, we found that only men with prediabetes presented both carotid and femoral atherosclerosis, as well as an increase of total plaque area in comparison with non-prediabetic subjects. CONCLUSIONS The prediabetes stage is accompanied by an increased subclinical atheromatous disease only in the presence of other cardiovascular risk factors. Prediabetes modulates the atherogenic effect of cardiovascular risk factors in terms of distribution and total plaque area in a sex-dependent manner. Trial registration NCT03228459 (clinicaltrials.gov).
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Interindividual differences in the clinical effectiveness of liraglutide in Type 2 diabetes: a real-world retrospective study conducted in Spain.
Gomez-Peralta, F, Lecube, A, Fernández-Mariño, A, Alonso Troncoso, I, Morales, C, Morales-Pérez, FM, Guler, I, Cadarso-Suárez, C
Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association. 2018;(11):1605-1612
Abstract
AIMS: To study the response of clinical variables (HbA1c , body weight, lipid profile and blood pressure) over 24 months of liraglutide treatment in a real-world clinical setting, and to describe the evolution of HbA1c and body weight reduction in response to liraglutide treatment by employing generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs). METHODS We included people aged ≥ 18 years with Type 2 diabetes mellitus that initiated liraglutide treatment between November 2011 and May 2015. Demographic and clinical data were retrieved retrospectively over 24 months from electronic medical records with a median duration of observation of 7.0 (IQR 3.0-12.0) months. RESULTS Individuals that initiated liraglutide therapy were obese (BMI 39.1 kg/m2 ), with inadequate HbA1c (68 mmol/mol [8.4%]), blood pressure and lipid levels. Upon liraglutide treatment, HbA1c , body weight, mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and lipid levels decreased gradually. GAMMs demonstrated that longer treatment with liraglutide was a predictor of improved HbA1c response, whereas higher baseline HbA1c , longer Type 2 diabetes duration and treatment with insulin were predictors of worse HbA1c response. Higher baseline weight, longer treatment with liraglutide and the interaction between metformin and time were predictors of improved weight response. CONCLUSIONS In this real-world study, we showed the effectiveness of liraglutide in improving body weight, HbA1c , mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and lipid levels. GAMMs indicated that baseline HbA1c and weight, time of treatment with liraglutide, diabetes duration and the use of metformin or insulin are predictors of clinical response to liraglutide.
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Long-Term Outcomes in Patients with Morbid Obesity and Type 1 Diabetes Undergoing Bariatric Surgery.
Vilarrasa, N, Rubio, MA, Miñambres, I, Flores, L, Caixàs, A, Ciudin, A, Bueno, M, García-Luna, PP, Ballesteros-Pomar, MD, Ruiz-Adana, M, et al
Obesity surgery. 2017;(4):856-863
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to describe the long-term outcomes of bariatric surgery in a cohort of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). METHODS Thirty-two patients with T1DM and initial BMI of 41.3 ± 4.8 kg/m2 were studied, 18.7 % undergoing duodenal switch (DS), 34.4 % gastric bypass, and 46.9 % sleeve gastrectomy and followed-up after surgery for 4.6 ± 2.6 years. Changes in BMI, HbA1c, insulin requirements, evolution of comorbidities, and microvascular complications were registered annually after surgery. RESULTS Percentage of total weight loss (%TWL) 12 months after surgery was 30.4 ± 9.2 % and at 5 years, it decreased to 28.1 ± 11.5 % (p = 0.02). HbA1c was reduced during the first year from 8.5 ± 1.3 to 7.9 ± 1.4 %, p = 0.016. In the long-term, HbA1c returned to baseline values. There was a sustained reduction of 51 % in total daily insulin dose, and the decrease in the number of patients with hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obstructive sleep apnea was 42.8, 25, and 66 %, respectively. Retinopathy remained mainly unaffected, and 25 % of patients with microalbuminuria regressed to normoalbuminuria. CONCLUSIONS Bariatric surgery in patients with T1DM mainly provides benefits of weight reduction, on insulin requirements, obesity comorbidities, and some benefits in diabetes complications, but might have only minimal effect on the glycemic control in the long term. This trial was registered at www.controlledtrials.com as ISRCTN49980913.