-
1.
Endoscopic Diagnosis of Superficial Gastrointestinal Cancer.
Nakayama, A, Kato, M, Matsuura, N, Yahagi, N
Gastrointestinal endoscopy clinics of North America. 2024;(1):1-17
Abstract
White light image (WLI) findings are important for detection and characterization in the GI tract. However, magnified endoscopic examination with image enhanced endoscopy (IEE-NE) is becoming increasingly important for qualitative diagnosis of GI neoplastic lesions. IEE-ME is extremely useful for diagnosis of invasion depth in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) and colorectal cancer, whereas macroscopic findings of WLI are still useful in Barrett's adenocarcinoma (BAC) and gastric cancer. IEE-ME is also useful for diagnosis of tumor extent in BAC and gastric cancer, whereas chromoendoscopy with indigo carmine is useful in colorectal cancer and iodine staining is indispensable in ESCC.
-
2.
Ammonia tolerance and microbial community in thermophilic co-digestion of sewage sludge initiated with lignocellulosic biomass.
Yamamoto-Ikemoto, R, Matsuura, N, Honda, R, Hara-Yamamura, H, Some, K, Prak, S, Koike, K, Togari, T
Bioresource technology. 2023;:128834
Abstract
Rice straw is a useful lignocellulosic biomass for controlling ammonia inhibition in the thermophilic anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge. However, it is challenging to procure rice straw throughout the year because of its seasonal production. This study investigated methane production in a laboratory-scale digester by gradually decreasing rice straw addition to solid thermophilic sewage sludge digestion. The decrease in rice straw did not accumulate volatile fatty acids and stabilized methane production. Even with increased sludge concentration without rice straw, methane production continued under high ammonia conditions. Ammonia tolerance of the digested sludge of the experimental digester was higher than that of conventionally digested sludge. The cellulose-degrading bacteria Clostridia and high ammonia-resistant archaea Methanosarcina were dominant in the experimentally digested sludge. The community was maintained for over 200 days after discontinuing the rice straw supply. These findings suggest that anaerobic digestion initiation with rice straw is appropriate to facilitate ammonia-tolerant communities.
-
3.
Efficacy of polyglycolic acid sheeting with fibrin glue for perforations related to gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.
Takimoto, K, Matsuura, N, Nakano, Y, Tsuji, Y, Takizawa, K, Morita, Y, Nagami, Y, Hirasawa, K, Araki, H, Yamaguchi, N, et al
Surgical endoscopy. 2022;(7):5084-5093
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gastrointestinal (GI) perforations are one of the major adverse events of endoscopic procedures. Polyglycolic acid (PGA) sheets with fibrin glue have been reported to close GI perforations. However, its clinical outcome has not yet been fully investigated; thus, we conducted a multicenter retrospective observational study to assess the efficacy of PGA sheeting for GI perforation. METHODS The medical records of patients who underwent PGA sheeting for endoscopic GI perforations between April 2013 and March 2018 in 18 Japanese institutions were retrospectively analyzed. PGA sheeting was applied when the clip closure was challenging or failed to use. Perforations were filled with one or several pieces of PGA sheets followed by fibrin glue application through an endoscopic catheter. Nasal or percutaneous drainage and endoscopic clipping were applied as appropriate. Clinical outcomes after PGA sheeting for intraoperative or delayed perforations were separately evaluated. RESULTS There were 66 intraoperative and 24 delayed perforation cases. In intraoperative cases, successful closure was attained in 60 cases (91%). The median period from the first sheeting to diet resumption was 6 days (interquartile range [IQR], 4-8.8 days). Large perforation size (≥ 10 mm) and duodenal location showed marginal significant relationship to higher closure failure of intraoperative perforations. In delayed perforation cases, all cases had successful closure. The median period from the first sheeting to diet resumption was 10 days (IQR, 6-37.8 days). No adverse events related to PGA sheeting occurred. CONCLUSION Endoscopic PGA sheeting could be a therapeutic option for GI perforations related to GI endoscopic procedures.
-
4.
Protein-enhanced feeds after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer attenuate postoperative catabolism: a prospective observational study.
Yamashita, K, Yamasaki, M, Miyazaki, Y, Matsuura, N, Tanaka, K, Makino, T, Saito, T, Yamamoto, K, Takahashi, T, Motoori, M, et al
Surgery today. 2022;(4):624-632
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate if nutritional supplements can attenuate postoperative catabolism in esophageal cancer patients after radical esophagectomy. METHODS We analyzed data prospectively from 30 patients who underwent curative esophagectomy for esophageal cancer between August and December, 2019. We compared postoperative nitrogen balance and changes in body composition between patients who received protein-enhanced enteral feeds (PEF) or other enteral feeds (OF). RESULTS Postoperative enteral feeding was administered safely to all patients. The average nitrogen balance was significantly higher in the PEF group than in the OF group on postoperative days (PODs) 3 (2.41 vs. - 1.50 g, P = 0.002), 4 (3.74 vs. - 0.08 g, P = 0.006), and 5 (3.27 vs. 0.11 g, P = 0.031). The cumulative nitrogen balance in the 7 days after surgery was significantly higher in the PEF group than in the OF group (6.12 vs. - 8.40 g, P = 0.025). The bodyweight loss and lean body mass loss on POD 14 were equivalent in the two groups (bodyweight loss 3.70 vs. 2.87%, P = 0.25; lean body mass loss, 4.34 vs. 1.91%, P = 0.33). CONCLUSIONS PEF improved the postoperative nitrogen balance significantly in patients who underwent esophagectomy.
-
5.
Efficacy of vonoprazan in prevention of bleeding from endoscopic submucosal dissection-induced gastric ulcers: a prospective randomized phase II study.
Hamada, K, Uedo, N, Tonai, Y, Arao, M, Suzuki, S, Iwatsubo, T, Kato, M, Shichijo, S, Yamasaki, Y, Matsuura, N, et al
Journal of gastroenterology. 2019;(2):122-130
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vonoprazan, potassium-competitive acid blocker, is expected to reduce incidence of delayed bleeding after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD); however, preliminary data to design a large-scale comparative study are lacking. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of vonoprazan in preventing delayed bleeding after gastric ESD. METHODS In this single-center randomized phase II trial, a modified screened selection design was used with a threshold non-bleeding rate of 89% and an expected rate of 97%. In this design, Simon's optimal two-stage design was first applied for each parallel group, and efficacy was evaluated in comparison with the threshold rate using binomial testing. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either vonoprazan 20 mg (VPZ group) or lansoprazole 30 mg (PPI group) for 8 weeks from the day before gastric ESD. The primary endpoint was the incidence of delayed bleeding, defined as endoscopically confirmed bleeding accompanied by hematemesis, melena, or a decrease in hemoglobin of ≥ 2 g/dl. RESULTS Delayed bleeding occurred in three of 69 patients (4.3%, 95% CI 0.9-12.2%, p = 0.047) in the VPZ group, and four of 70 (5.7%, 95% CI 1.6-14.0%, p = 0.104) in the PPI group. As only vonoprazan showed significant reduction in delayed bleeding compared with the threshold rate, it was determined to be efficacious treatment. CONCLUSIONS Vonoprazan efficaciously reduced the delayed bleeding rate in patients with an ESD-induced gastric ulcer. A large-scale, randomized, phase III study is warranted to definitively test the effectiveness of vonoprazan compared with proton pump inhibitors.
-
6.
Impact of Diarrhea after Drinking on Colorectal Tumor Risk: A Case Control Study.
Shiotani, A, Ishikawa, H, Mutoh, M, Takeshita, T, Nakamura, T, Morimoto, K, Sakai, T, Wakabayashi, K, Matsuura, N
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP. 2019;(3):795-799
Abstract
Background: Recently, the number of colorectal cancer (CRC) cases in Japan has been increasing, and is strongly influenced by alcohol consumption. On the other hand, there are several reports suggesting a relationship between bowel movement (constipation and diarrhea) and CRC development. Moreover, it is generally known that diarrhea may occur after drinking. However, the mechanism by which drinking alcohol increases CRC is not fully clarified yet. We hypothesized that diarrhea after drinking may play an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Methods: We examined the presence of diarrhea after drinking and further evaluated the correlation of diarrhea after drinking with the incidence of colorectal tumors. To obtain the status of the feces, a self-recorded questionnaire survey was administered using the dietary-recording method. Blood samples were obtained to analyze the ALDH2 Glu504Lys and ADH1B His48Arg polymorphisms. Results: The participants were 417 patients who had undergone a total colonoscopy. The control was selected from 186 patients who underwent a medical checkup at the same hospital during the same time period. The odds ratio for all subjects was 2.1 (95% CI: 1.18 - 3.80), and that for heavy drinkers was 4.2 (1.48 - 11. 90). Conclusions: The results demonstrated that those who have diarrhea after drinking possess a high risk of developing colon tumors.
-
7.
The incidences of and risk factors for severe retinopathy requiring photocoagulation and albuminuria in Japanese patients with childhood-onset type 1 diabetes.
Takaike, H, Uchigata, Y, Matsuura, N, Sasaki, N, Amemiya, S, Urakami, T, Kawamura, T, Kikuchi, N, Sugihara, S, ,
Diabetology international. 2018;(2):121-128
Abstract
The aim of this study was to clarify the incidences of and the risk factors for severe retinopathy requiring photocoagulation therapy and albuminuria in Japanese patients with childhood-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus. A total of 756 patients from a cohort study by the Japanese Study Group of Insulin Therapy for Childhood and Adolescent Diabetes were included in the study. Patients were registered in 1995 or 2000, and HbA1cwas measured every 4 months and analyzed in central hospital for an average of 6 years. The presence of severe retinopathy requiring laser photocoagulation and the presence of albuminuria was checked for during the period 2010-2011. During a median of 18 (range: 15-21) years, 34 out of 756 patients underwent laser photocoagulation and 57 out of 605 patients developed albuminuria. A Cox proportional hazards model showed that the risk of severe retinopathy requiring laser photocoagulation increased by 1.15 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-1.29, p = 0.012) with each increase of a year in the age at onset, by 4.03 (95% CI 1.20-13.5, p = 0.024) in females, and by 2.05 (95% CI 1.69-2.49, p < 0.0001) with each increase of 1% in HbA1c. The risk of albuminuria increased significantly, by 1.09 (95% CI 1.01-1.18 p = 0.037), with each increase of a year in the age at onset and by 2.38 (95% CI 1.93-2.97 p < 0.0001) with each increase of 1% in HbA1c. In Japanese patients with childhood-onset type 1 diabetes, older age at the onset of diabetes, female rather than male gender, and higher HbA1c were found to increase the risk of requiring photocoagulation. No patients with HbA1c < 7.5% developed severe retinopathy requiring photocoagulation therapy. The risk of developing albuminuria increased with age at onset of diabetes and HbA1c. Female gender was a strong risk factor for severe retinopathy requiring photocoagulation, but not for albuminuria.
-
8.
Coffee prevents proximal colorectal adenomas in Japanese men: a prospective cohort study.
Nakamura, T, Ishikawa, H, Mutoh, M, Wakabayashi, K, Kawano, A, Sakai, T, Matsuura, N
European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP). 2016;(5):388-94
Abstract
This prospective cohort study aimed to show that coffee prevents the recurrence of colorectal tumors (adenomas, precursors of colorectal cancer, and early-stage colorectal cancers) as well as colorectal cancer. The present study included 307 patients who participated in a clinical study that required endoscopy to remove a colorectal tumor. The amount of coffee consumed by the patients at study inclusion and the frequency of colorectal tumors, as detected by colonoscopy over the subsequent 4 years, were assessed. Coffee consumption was determined using a diet survey that included 3-consecutive-day food records. The risk of colorectal tumor recurrence was significantly lower (odds ratio=0.21; 95% confidence interval, 0.06-0.74) in patients who consumed more than three cups of coffee per day compared with those who consumed no coffee. No correlation was observed between the examined factors, including green tea and black tea intake and the amount of caffeine consumed. In subanalysis divided by the tumor location within the colorectum, the odds ratio of colorectal tumor recurrence in the proximal colon showed a tendency toward reduction as coffee consumption increased; however, increased coffee consumption significantly increased colorectal tumor recurrence in the distal colon. We showed that high coffee consumption reduced the overall occurrence of colorectal tumors, affected by the reduction in the proximal colon.
-
9.
The preventive effects of low-dose enteric-coated aspirin tablets on the development of colorectal tumours in Asian patients: a randomised trial.
Ishikawa, H, Mutoh, M, Suzuki, S, Tokudome, S, Saida, Y, Abe, T, Okamura, S, Tajika, M, Joh, T, Tanaka, S, et al
Gut. 2014;(11):1755-9
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence of low-dose, enteric-coated aspirin tablets (100 mg/day for 2 years) on colorectal tumour recurrence in Asian patients with single/multiple colorectal tumours excised by endoscopy. DESIGN A double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled multicentre clinical trial was conducted. PARTICIPANTS 311 subjects with single/multiple colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas excised by endoscopy were enrolled in the study (152 patients in the aspirin group and 159 patients in the placebo group). Enrolment began at the hospitals (n=19) in 2007 and was completed in 2009. RESULTS The subjects treated with aspirin displayed reduced colorectal tumourigenesis and primary endpoints with an adjusted OR of 0.60 (95% CI 0.36 to 0.98) compared with the subjects in the placebo group. Subgroup analysis revealed that subjects who were non-smokers, defined as those who had smoked in the past or who had never smoked, had a marked reduction in the number of recurrent tumours in the aspirin-treated group. The adjusted OR for aspirin treatment in non-smokers was 0.37 (CI 0.21 to 0.68, p<0.05). Interestingly, the use of aspirin in smokers resulted in an increased risk, with an OR of 3.44. In addition, no severe adverse effects were observed in either group. CONCLUSIONS Low-dose, enteric-coated aspirin tablets reduced colorectal tumour recurrence in an Asian population. The results are consistent with those obtained from other randomised controlled trials in Western countries. THE CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY WEBSITE AND THE CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER http://www.umin.ac.jp (number UMIN000000697).
-
10.
A pilot, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind phase 0/biomarker study on effect of artepillin C-rich extract of Brazilian propolis in frequent colorectal adenoma polyp patients.
Ishikawa, H, Goto, M, Matsuura, N, Murakami, Y, Goto, C, Sakai, T, Kanazawa, K
Journal of the American College of Nutrition. 2012;(5):327-37
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Brazilian propolis, a folk medicine, is used worldwide as an alternative medicine to prevent colon cancer. The objective of the study was to test in a small pilot biomarker study in a high-risk group the safety and efficacy of propolis for colon cancer prevention, which has not been evaluated in humans. METHODS Subjects with adenoma polyps recently removed from the colon were randomly assigned to a propolis group of 15 and a placebo group of 16. In a double-blind study, the propolis group received capsules containing 165 μmol artepillin C and 150 μmol other polyphenols per day for 3 months. Prior to and at the end of the experiments, their blood was analyzed using biochemical tests, and specimens from the normal-appearing sigmoid colon mucosa were biopsied endoscopically to examine the levels of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and mRNA expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, cyclin D1, and Bax. RESULTS Propolis extract significantly increased the mRNA level of cyclin D1 in the sigmoid colon mucosa, and the other biomarkers remained unchanged. Blood biochemical tests showed significantly higher activity of creatine phosphokinase (CPK), 143 ± 52 units/ml in the propolis group and 104 ± 38 units/ml in the placebo group (p = 0.026), at the end of the study. The increase in CPK activity in the propolis group was due to the increase of the myocardial band form of CPK. On the other hand, laxative treatment prior to endoscopic biopsy significantly increased 8-OHdG levels. CONCLUSIONS The results from our pilot study did not provide evidence that Brazilian propolis was effective in preventing changes occurring during early stages of colon cancer. In contrast, propolis may have detrimental side effects on muscle tissue, including myocardial cells.