1.
Association of various glycemic variability indices and vascular outcomes in type-2 diabetes patients: A retrospective study.
Tong, L, Chi, C, Zhang, Z
Medicine. 2018;(21):e10860
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Abstract
Both blood glucose (BG) level and glycemic variability (GV) significantly associate with diabetes-related complications. However, the criterion standard in GV assessment is absent. We aimed to compare different GV indices in association of vascular outcomes.Ten commonly used GV indices based on self-monitored BG data were calculated, and their associations of vascular outcomes including coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) were compared.In total, 288 type 2 diabetes patients (66.5 ± 11.1 years old) were included in present analysis. Spearman correlation analysis showed that only mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE) significantly correlated with both estimated glomerular filtration rate and urinary albumin creatinine ratio (P ≤ .03). In Cochran-Armitage trend test, vascular outcomes were significantly associated with the increment of BG risk index and MAGE (P ≤ .03). After adjustment for potential confounders, multiple logistic regression results suggested that BG risk index and MAGE still significantly associated with these three vascular outcomes (P ≤ .01), whereas the other GV indices did not. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the abilities of BG risk index and MAGE were similar in identifying CAD, stroke, or CKD.BG risk index and MAGE were better associated with vascular outcomes than other GV indices in type 2 diabetes patients.
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Consumption of a legume-enriched, low-glycemic index diet is associated with biomarkers of insulin resistance and inflammation among men at risk for colorectal cancer.
Hartman, TJ, Albert, PS, Zhang, Z, Bagshaw, D, Kris-Etherton, PM, Ulbrecht, J, Miller, CK, Bobe, G, Colburn, NH, Lanza, E
The Journal of nutrition. 2010;(1):60-7
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Abstract
The Legume Inflammation Feeding Experiment is, to our knowledge, the first randomized crossover feeding trial testing the effects of a legume-enriched, low-glycemic index (GI) diet among men characterized for colorectal adenomas and insulin resistance (IR) status. This study was designed to test the effects of a legume-enriched diet compared with a healthy American (HA) diet under weight-stable conditions. The primary objective was to assess effects on C-reactive protein (CRP) and C-peptide levels. The secondary objective was to assess changes by IR status or history of adenomas. A total of 64 men who completed a colonoscopy within the previous 2 y consumed 2 diets in random order each for 4 wk separated by a washout period. The diets were a legume-enriched (250 g/d), low-GI (GI 38) diet and a high-GI (GI 69) HA diet. We measured fasting glucose, insulin, C-peptide, CRP, and soluble tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptors I and II (sTNFRI/II) at the beginning and end of the diet periods. Participants who consumed both the legume and HA diets had favorably improved CRP (-20.2 and -18.3%) and sTNFRI (-3.7 and -4.4%) concentrations, respectively. The sTNFRII concentrations declined marginally during the legume diet period (-3.8%; P = 0.060) and significantly during the HA diet period (-5.1%; P < 0.001). Fasting glucose increased significantly during both the legume (+1.8%) and HA (-2.2%) diet periods. Only the changes in glucose differed between the diet periods. Serum C-peptide and plasma insulin levels did not change in participants consuming either diet. Healthful dietary changes can improve biomarkers of IR and inflammation.