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1.
Therapeutic potential of lipid-lowering probiotics on the atherosclerosis development.
Saadh, MJ, Bazghandi, B, Jamialahmdi, H, Rahimzadeh-Bajgiran, F, Forouzanfar, F, Esmaeili, SA, Saburi, E
European journal of pharmacology. 2024;:176527
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is a critical risk factor for atherosclerosis, mostly attributed to lifestyle behavior such as diet. Recent advances have emphasized the critical effects of gastrointestinal bacteria in the pathology of hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis, suggesting that the gastrointestinal microbiome can therefore provide efficient therapeutic targets for preventing and treating atherosclerosis. Thus, interventions, such as probiotic therapy, aimed at altering the bacterial composition introduce a promising therapeutic procedure. In the current review, we will provide an overview of anti-atherogenic probiotics contributing to lipid-lowering, inhibiting atherosclerotic inflammation, and suppressing bacterial atherogenic metabolites.
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2.
Epidemiological trends and risk factors of gynecological cancers: an update.
Keyvani, V, Kheradmand, N, Navaei, ZN, Mollazadeh, S, Esmaeili, SA
Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England). 2023;(3):93
Abstract
Gynecological cancers, the most common cancer among women worldwide, disrupt the function of women's reproductive system, significantly impacting the quality of life. The epidemiological patterns of gynecological cancers differ in various regions and alter over time. The main challenge to deal with women's cancers is focusing on potential plans to improve patient outcomes. The epidemiology and general risk elements of gynecological cancers are important in the management of these cancers, so all of the reported risk factors in gynecological cancers have been evaluated in the present review. Due to the role of gynecological cancers in women's health, preventive measures and modifiable lifestyles together with early detection in high-risk groups are effective strategies that can reduce mortality rates. This review summarizes the epidemiology and global risk factors of gynecological cancers alongside others to better management of these malignancies and improve the quality of life in the affected patients.
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3.
The role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in allergic disorders.
Esmaeili, SA, Hajavi, J
Molecular biology reports. 2022;(4):3297-3306
Abstract
The amino acid tryptophan (TRP) is critical for the expansion and survival of cells. During the past few years, the manipulation of tryptophan metabolism via indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) has been presented as a significant regulatory mechanism for tolerance stimulation and the regulation of immune responses. Currently, a considerable number of studies suggest that the role of IDO in T helper 2 (Th2) cell regulation may be different from that of T helper 1 (Th1) immune responses. IDO acts as an immunosuppressive tolerogenic enzyme to decrease allergic responses through the stimulation of the Kynurenine-IDO pathway, the subsequent reduction of TRP, and the promotion of Kynurenine products. Kynurenine products motivate T-cell apoptosis and anergy, the propagation of Treg and Th17 cells, and the aberration of the Th1/Th2 response. We suggest that the IDO-kynurenine pathway can function as a negative reaction round for Th1 cells; however, it may play a different role in upregulating principal Th2 immune responses. In this review, we intend to integrate novel results on this pathway in correlation with allergic diseases.
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4.
Novel P,C-orthopalladated complexes containing histidine and phenylalanine amino acids: synthesis, DNA and BSA interactions, in vitro antitumoral activity and molecular docking approach.
Hashemi, S, Karami, K, Saberi Dehkordi, Z, Momtazi-Borojeni, AA, Esmaeili, SA
Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics. 2022;(11):5000-5015
Abstract
Novel [Pd(o-CH2C6H4P(o-tolyl)2)(histidine)] (1) and [Pd(o-CH2C6H4P(o tolyl)2)(phenylalanine)] (2) P,C-orthopalladated complexes have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and NMR spectroscopy. To study the stability of the compounds in biological media, the complexes were incubated in Tris buffer during 10 days. The absorbance of the compounds remained constant, which confirmed the stability of the complexes in biological media. UV-Vis absorption spectrophotometry, fluorescence spectroscopy and viscosity studies were used to investigate the binding of the complexes with native calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA). These methods along with competitive binding of methylene blue (MB) DNA show that the complexes interact with DNA via groove mode. The UV-Vis absorption spectrophotometry of BSA with complexes has shown an α-helix perturbation induced by a particular interaction between the metal complexes and BSA. In addition, the fluorescence quenching mechanism of BSA with the complexes is a static process, according to the fluorescence spectrometry of bovine serum albumin (BSA). The experimental results of site competitive replacement with specific site markers are clear indications that the complexes bind to site I of BSA. Furthermore, both complexes showed significant selective cytotoxic activity against melanoma B16F0 and colon carcinoma C26 cancer cells as well as normal fibroblast NIH cell line. Ultimately, the binding of Pd(II) complexes to DNA and BSA was verified by molecular docking experiment.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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5.
Gynecologic Cancer, Cancer Stem Cells, and Possible Targeted Therapies.
Keyvani, V, Riahi, E, Yousefi, M, Esmaeili, SA, Shafabakhsh, R, Moradi Hasan-Abad, A, Mahjoubin-Tehran, M, Hamblin, MR, Mollazadeh, S, Mirzaei, H
Frontiers in pharmacology. 2022;:823572
Abstract
Gynecologic cancer is one of the main causes of death in women. In this type of cancer, several molecules (oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes) contribute to the tumorigenic process, invasion, metastasis, and resistance to treatment. Based on recent evidence, the detection of molecular changes in these genes could have clinical importance for the early detection and evaluation of tumor grade, as well as the selection of targeted treatment. Researchers have recently focused on cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the treatment of gynecologic cancer because of their ability to induce progression and recurrence of malignancy. This has highlighted the importance of a better understanding of the molecular basis of CSCs. The purpose of this review is to focus on the molecular mechanism of gynecologic cancer and the role of CSCs to discover more specific therapeutic approaches to gynecologic cancer treatment.
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6.
Immunoregulatory Effects of Tolerogenic Probiotics in Multiple Sclerosis.
Atabati, H, Yazdanpanah, E, Mortazavi, H, Bajestani, SG, Raoofi, A, Esmaeili, SA, Khaledi, A, Saburi, E, Afshari, JT, Sathyapalan, T, et al
Advances in experimental medicine and biology. 2021;:87-105
Abstract
Gut microbiota has essential roles in the prevention and progression of multiple sclerosis (MS). The association between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system (CNS) or immune system response of MS patients has been documented in many studies. The composition of the gut microbiota could lead to sensitization or resistance against promotion and development of MS disease. Probiotics are the major part of gut microflorapopulation and could be substituted with tolerogenic probiotics that protect the CNS against autoimmune responses. Tolerogenic probiotics with anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulatory properties have effects on intestinal flora and can reestablish regulatory mucosal and systemic immune responses. Probiotics are able to prevent and restore excessive activation of inflammatory responses, especially autoreactive T cells and inflammatory cytokines. Tolerogenic probiotics, through induction of regulatory T cells and increase of anti-inflammatory cytokines, play a crucial role in controlling inflammation and maintaining tolerance and hemostasis. Therefore, probiotics can be considered as a preventive or therapeutic tool in MS. In the present review, we focus on the immunoregulatory effects of tolerogenic probiotics on the severity of disease, as well as Th1, Th2, and Treg populations in different experimental and human studies of MS.
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7.
Potential cytotoxic and anti-metastatic effects of berberine on gynaecological cancers with drug-associated resistance.
Mortazavi, H, Nikfar, B, Esmaeili, SA, Rafieenia, F, Saburi, E, Chaichian, S, Heidari Gorji, MA, Momtazi-Borojeni, AA
European journal of medicinal chemistry. 2020;:111951
Abstract
Gynaecological disorders, such as cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancers are the second most prevalent cancer types in women worldwide. Therapeutic approaches for gynaecological cancers involve chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. However, lifespan is not improved, and novel medications are required. Among various phytochemicals, berberine, a well-known natural product, has been shown to be a promising cancer chemopreventive agent. Pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of berberine have been investigated in the several experiments against numerous diseases. Here, we aimed to provide a literature review from available published investigations showing the anticancer effects of berberine and its various synthetic analogues against gynaecological disorders, including cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancers. In conclusion, berberine has been found to efficiently inhibit viability, proliferation, and migration of cancer cells, mainly, via induction of apoptosis by both mitochondrial dependent and -independent pathways. Additionally, structural modification of berberine showed that berberine analogues can improve its antitumor effects against gynaecological cancers.
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8.
Probiotics with ameliorating effects on the severity of skin inflammation in psoriasis: Evidence from experimental and clinical studies.
Atabati, H, Esmaeili, SA, Saburi, E, Akhlaghi, M, Raoofi, A, Rezaei, N, Momtazi-Borojeni, AA
Journal of cellular physiology. 2020;(12):8925-8937
Abstract
Experimental and clinical studies have confirmed safety and the medical benefits of probiotics as immunomodulatory medications. Recent advances have emphasized the critical effect of gastrointestinal bacteria in the pathology of inflammatory disorders, even, outside the gut. Probiotics have shown promising results for curing skin-influencing inflammatory disorders through modulating the immune response by manipulating the gut microbiome. Psoriasis is a complex inflammatory skin disease, which exhibits a microbiome distinct from the normal skin. In the present review, we considered the impact of gastrointestinal microbiota on the psoriasis pathogenesis, and through literature survey, attempted to explore probiotic species utilized for psoriasis treatment.
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9.
The immunomodulatory role of probiotics in allergy therapy.
Hajavi, J, Esmaeili, SA, Varasteh, AR, Vazini, H, Atabati, H, Mardani, F, Momtazi-Borojeni, AA, Hashemi, M, Sankian, M, Sahebkar, A
Journal of cellular physiology. 2019;(3):2386-2398
Abstract
The increased incidence of allergic disorders may be the result of a relative fall in microbial induction in the intestinal immune system during infancy and early childhood. Probiotics have recently been proposed as viable microorganisms for the prevention and treatment of specific allergic diseases. Different mechanisms have been considered for this probiotic property, such as generation of cytokines from activated pro-T-helper type 1 after bacterial contact. However, the effects of its immunomodulatory potential require validation for clinical applications. This review will focus on the currently available data on the benefits of probiotics in allergy disease.
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10.
Curcumin: A natural modulator of immune cells in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Momtazi-Borojeni, AA, Haftcheshmeh, SM, Esmaeili, SA, Johnston, TP, Abdollahi, E, Sahebkar, A
Autoimmunity reviews. 2018;(2):125-135
Abstract
Curcumin is a polyphenol natural product isolated from turmeric, interacting with different cellular and molecular targets and, consequently, showing a wide range of pharmacological effects. Recent preclinical and clinical trials have revealed immunomodulatory properties of curcumin that arise from its effects on immune cells and mediators involved in the immune response, such as various T-lymphocyte subsets and dendritic cells, as well as different inflammatory cytokines. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an inflammatory, chronic autoimmune-mediated disease characterized by the presence of autoantibodies, deposition of immune complexes in various organs, recruitment of autoreactive and inflammatory T cells, and excessive levels of plasma proinflammatory cytokines. The function and numbers of dendritic cells and T cell subsets, such as T helper 1 (Th1), Th17, and regulatory T cells have been found to be significantly altered in SLE. In the present report, we reviewed the results of in vitro, experimental (pre-clinical), and clinical studies pertaining to the modulatory effects that curcumin produces on the function and numbers of dendritic cells and T cell subsets, as well as relevant cytokines that participate in SLE.