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Nutraceutical Status and Scientific Strategies for Enhancing Production of Omega-3 Fatty Acids from Microalgae and their Role in Healthcare.
Gupta, J, Gupta, R
Current pharmaceutical biotechnology. 2020;(15):1616-1631
Abstract
Adherence to Omega-3 fatty acids (O3FAs) as Nutraceuticals for medicinal applications provides health improvement. The prevention and treatment of diseases with O3FAs hold promise in clinical therapy and significantly reduces the risk of chronic disorders. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) O3FAs have beneficial effects in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, diabetic disease, foetal development, Alzheimer's disease, retinal problem, growth and brain development of infants and antitumor effects. Association to current analysis promotes the application of algal biomass for production of O3FAs, mode of action, fate, weight management, immune functions, pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications serving potent sources in healthcare management. A search of the literature was conducted in the databases of WHO website, Sci.org, PubMed, academics and Google. The authors performed search strategies and current scenario of O3FAs in health associated disorders. Promising outcomes and future strategies towards O3FAs may play a pivotal role in Nutraceutical industries in the cure of human health in the future.
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Preconception health interventions delivered in public health and community settings: A systematic review.
Brown, HK, Mueller, M, Edwards, S, Mill, C, Enders, J, Graves, L, Telner, D, Dennis, CL
Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique. 2017;(4):e388-e397
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this systematic review was to assess the effects of preconception health interventions, delivered to individuals of reproductive age in public health and community settings, on reproductive, maternal, and child health outcomes. METHODS A search of Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsychINFO, Scopus, Gender Studies Database, and SocINDEX from July 1999 through July 2016 was performed. We included studies that reported original data, used an interventional study design, included reproductive-aged women or men, were written in English, and were published in peer-reviewed journals. Two reviewers independently used standardized instruments for data extraction and quality assessment. A narrative synthesis was performed. SYNTHESIS Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria. These studies included randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental, pre-post, and time-series designs. Most studies were conducted in the United States; all but one study included only women. Interventions were mainly educational initiatives focused on nutrition, immunization, and lifestyle behaviours and were delivered in a single contact. The studies reported positive effects on health knowledge (n = 9), behaviour change (n = 4), and health outcomes (n = 1). Study quality was weak (n = 11) or moderate (n = 1), with limitations related to selection bias, blinding, data collection methods, and participant attrition. CONCLUSION To develop a comprehensive, standardized approach to preconception health promotion and care in Canada, there is a clear need for high-quality research evaluating the effectiveness of preconception health interventions. Studies should use a health equity lens that includes all individuals of reproductive age and addresses the broad determinants of preconception health.
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Effective health interventions for adolescents that could be integrated with human papillomavirus vaccination programs.
Broutet, N, Lehnertz, N, Mehl, G, Camacho, AV, Bloem, P, Chandra-Mouli, V, Ferguson, J, Dick, B
The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine. 2013;(1):6-13
Abstract
PURPOSE We reviewed published data to identify health interventions for 9-15-year-old girls and boys that could to be usefully integrated with programs of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). METHODS Relevant literature reviews, bibliographic databases, and journals were searched to identify health-related interventions, other than immunizations, that had been found to have beneficial outcomes among adolescent girls and/or boys. An intervention was excluded if there was no evidence of its effective delivery in LMICs or no demonstrated potential for its adaptation for delivery in such countries, and/or if there was, apparently, no feasible way in which it could be delivered during a course of HPV vaccinations. RESULTS Overall, 33 different interventions were found to have had beneficial outcomes among adolescents living in LMICs. Of these, 19 were excluded because they were deemed too expensive or too difficult to deliver within the calendar of a HPV vaccination program. The remaining 14 health-related interventions, in the fields of screening (for schistosomiasis and defects in vision), health education (on mosquito-borne diseases, the benefits of exercise, accessing health care, and sexual and reproductive health), skills building (improving condom usage) and delivery of commodities (anthelminthic drugs, vitamin A supplements, soap and/or bed nets) were deemed potential candidates for delivery in conjunction with the HPV vaccine. CONCLUSIONS The potential benefits and selection of other health-related interventions that are delivered in conjunction with HPV vaccine will be influenced by a range of factors, including the ease of delivery, the epidemiology of the priority health problems affecting adolescents, the vaccine delivery schedule, and various environmental, economic, and social factors. However, there appear to be several interventions that could usefully be integrated in many, if not all, HPV vaccination programs. The ability to deliver multiple interventions along with HPV vaccine could not only offer important efficiencies but also serve as an entry point to increase adolescents' access to health care and services.
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Computer telephony: automated calls for medical care.
Biem, HJ, Turnell, RW, D'Arcy, C
Clinical and investigative medicine. Medecine clinique et experimentale. 2003;(5):259-68
Abstract
BACKGROUND The computer telephony system (CTS) combines computer and telephone to automate the collection, processing and dissemination of information. Many innovative applications of the CTS have emerged. In this article we summarize the evidence for CTS-based medical interventions based on randomized controlled trials. METHODS We searched for trials in MEDLINE, CINAHL, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and bibliographies of retrieved articles, review articles and textbooks. We excluded non-English articles and those pertaining to psychology, addiction, psychiatry, research and education. RESULTS In health care delivery, 3 of 4 trials of CTS-based interventions improved clinic show rates. In preventive health care, 4 of 5 showed higher childhood immunization rates. For nutrition, 2 small trials showed no clear benefit in cholesterol lowering or in weight reduction, but 1 trial showed a benefit in fibre intake. For increasing physical activity, 1 smaller trial showed no benefit but a larger one did. For medical management of chronic conditions, 1 trial showed improved hemoglobin A(1c) levels and 1 trial showed better processes of care in diabetes. In hypertension management, 1 trial found better adherence to medication regimens and control of blood pressure. In outpatient oncology care, 1 trial showed better supportive care. For support of caregivers for dementia patients, 1 trial showed no benefit. One small trial showed better adherence to medication in seniors. CONCLUSIONS The CTS has diverse applications in medical care; however, the evidence for these is limited. Despite being impersonal, the reliability and availability of the CTS make it attractive for reminders and follow-up. More research is needed to determine the role of the CTS in medical care.
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Office laboratory procedures, office economics, parenting and parent education, and urinary tract infection.
McBride, SC
Current opinion in pediatrics. 2003;(6):641-9
Abstract
Four areas of pediatric office practice are again reviewed: office laboratory procedures, office economics, parenting and parent education, and urinary tract infection. Screening for celiac disease and the use of rapid antigen testing for extrapharyngeal group A Streptococcus infections are included in office laboratory procedures. Utilization of health care among patients with public insurance, electronic medical records, billing among pediatric residents, and satisfaction surveys are reviewed in office economics. Challenges related to breastfeeding, obesity management and timely immunizations are covered within parenting and parent education. Finally, the use of an augmented urinalysis and a discussion of imaging for first febrile urinary tract infections are included in the area of urinary tract infection.