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The effect of melatonin supplementation on lipid profile and anthropometric indices: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.
Loloei, S, Sepidarkish, M, Heydarian, A, Tahvilian, N, Khazdouz, M, Heshmati, J, Pouraram, H
Diabetes & metabolic syndrome. 2019;(3):1901-1910
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological evidence suggests that melatonin has some effects on the serum lipid. However, these results are controversial. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to examine the effect of melatonin supplement on dyslipidemia and anthropometric indices. METHODS We searched electronic databases including Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library up to Des 2018 without any language restriction. To compare the effects of melatonin with placebo, differences in standardized means difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were pooled using random effects model. RESULTS Twelve trials including 641 participants included in meta-analysis finally. The dose of melatonin was reported at 0.8-30 mg. Comparing with the control group, melatonin may improve low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (-0.31 mmol/L, 95% CI (-0.61, 0.01), P = 0.049, I2 = 42%) and triglyceride (TG) level (SMD = -0.45 mmol/L; 95% CI, -0.77, -0.13, P = 0.006, I2 = 47%). No significant effect of melatonin on high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and anthropometric indices was found. CONCLUSIONS The results of our systematic review and Meta-analyzes showed that supplementation of melatonin could be effective in improving lipid parameters and should be considered in the prevention of cardiovascular disease, although the effect of this supplement on anthropometric indices needs further investigation.
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The effects of melatonin supplementation on inflammatory markers among patients with metabolic syndrome or related disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Akbari, M, Ostadmohammadi, V, Tabrizi, R, Lankarani, KB, Heydari, ST, Amirani, E, Reiter, RJ, Asemi, Z
Inflammopharmacology. 2018;(4):899-907
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was carried out to determine the effect of melatonin supplementation on the inflammatory markers among individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and related disorders. METHODS We searched the following databases up to March 2018: PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Three reviewers independently assessed study eligibility, extracted data, and evaluated risk of bias of included primary studies. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q test and I-square (I2) statistic. Data were pooled using the random effect model and standardized mean difference (SMD) was considered as the summary effect size. RESULTS Six trials of 317 potential reports were identified to be suitable for our meta-analysis. The pooled results using random effects model indicated that melatonin supplementation significantly reduced C-reactive protein (CRP) (SMD = - 1.80; 95% CI - 3.27, - 0.32; P = 0.01; I2: 95.2) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) concentrations (SMD = - 2.02; 95% CI - 3.57, - 0.47; P = 0.01; I2: 91.2) among patients with MetS and related disorders; however, it did not affect tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations (SMD = - 1.87; 95% CI - 3.81, 0.07; P = 0.05; I2: 94.4). CONCLUSIONS In summary, the current meta-analysis showed the promising effect of melatonin administration on reducing CRP and IL-6, but not TNF-α levels among patients with MetS and related disorders. Additional prospective studies are recommended using higher supplementation doses and longer intervention period.
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Type 2 diabetes mellitus: Role of melatonin and oxidative stress.
Zephy, D, Ahmad, J
Diabetes & metabolic syndrome. 2015;(2):127-31
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus caused by transfer of susceptible immortal gene from parent to progeny in individuals prone, and/or in contribution of factors such as obesity and physical inactivity results in chronic extracellular hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance or impaired glucose tolerance. Hyperglycemia leads to increased production of superoxide radical in mitochondrial electron transport chain, consequently, inhibit glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, increase the flux of substrates that direct the expression of genes responsible for activation of polyol, hexosamine, advanced glycation end products and protein kinase-C pathways enzymes. Simultaneously, these pathways add-up free radicals in the body, hamper cell redox state, alter genes of insulin sensitivity and are responsible for the diabetic complications like retinopathy, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, nephropathy and neuropathy. Experimental evidence suggests that the indoleamine hormone melatonin is capable of influencing in development of diabetic complications by neutralizing the unnecessary production of ROS, protection of beta cells, as they possess low antioxidant potential and normalize redox state in the cell. However, studies reported the beneficial effects of pharmacological supplementation of melatonin in humans but it has not been extensively studied in a multicountric, multicentric which should include all ethnic population.
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Melatonin for prevention of metabolic side-effects of olanzapine in patients with first-episode schizophrenia: randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study.
Modabbernia, A, Heidari, P, Soleimani, R, Sobhani, A, Roshan, ZA, Taslimi, S, Ashrafi, M, Modabbernia, MJ
Journal of psychiatric research. 2014;:133-40
Abstract
UNLABELLED We aimed to determine the efficacy of melatonin 3 mg/day in prevention of olanzapine-induced metabolic side-effects. In a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study, 48 patients with first-episode schizophrenia who were eligible for olanzapine treatment, were randomly assigned to olanzapine plus either melatonin 3 mg/day or matched placebo for eight weeks. Anthropometric and metabolic parameters as well as psychiatric symptoms using The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were assessed at baseline, week 4, and 8. Primary outcome measure was the change from baseline in weight at week 8. Data were analyzed using t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and mixed-effects model. Thirty-six patients had at least one post-baseline measurement. At week eight, melatonin was associated with significantly less weight gain [mean difference (MD) = 3.2 kg, P = 0.023], increase in waist circumference [MD = 2.83 cm, P = 0.041] and triglyceride concentration [MD = 62 mg/dl, P = 0.090 (nearly significant)] than the placebo. Changes in cholesterol, insulin, and blood sugar concentrations did not differ significantly between the two groups. Patients in the melatonin group experienced significantly more reduction in their PANSS scores [MD = 12.9 points, P = 0.014] than the placebo group. No serious adverse events were reported. To summarize, in patients treated with olanzapine, short-term melatonin treatment attenuates weight gain, abdominal obesity, and hypertriglyceridemia. It might also provide additional benefit for treatment of psychosis. The study was registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov ( REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01593774).
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Melatonin treatment improves blood pressure, lipid profile, and parameters of oxidative stress in patients with metabolic syndrome.
Koziróg, M, Poliwczak, AR, Duchnowicz, P, Koter-Michalak, M, Sikora, J, Broncel, M
Journal of pineal research. 2011;(3):261-6
Abstract
Experimental studies have proven that melatonin has many beneficial pleiotropic actions. The aim of this study was to assess melatonin efficacy in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS). The study included 33 healthy volunteers (who were not treated with melatonin) and 30 patients with MS, who did not respond to 3-month lifestyle modification. Patients with MS were treated with melatonin (5 mg/day, 2 hr before bedtime) for 2 months. The following parameters were studied: systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), levels of glucose, serum lipids, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, activities of antioxidative enzymes: catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), thiobarbituric acid reactive substrates (TBARS). After 2-month therapy in comparison with baseline, the following significant changes were measured: systolic blood pressure (132.8±9.8 versus 120.5±11.0 mmHg, P<0.001), DBP (81.7±8.8 versus 75±7.4 mmHg, P<0.01), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (149.7±26.4 versus 139.9±30.2 mg/dL, P<0.05), TBARS (0.5±0.2 versus 0.4±0.1 μm/gHb, P<0.01), and CAT (245.9±46.9 versus 276.8±39.4 U/gHb). Melatonin administered for 2 months significantly improved antioxidative defense (increase in CAT activity, decrease in TBARS level) and lipid profile (decrease in LDL-C), and lowered blood pressure. We conclude that melatonin therapy may be of benefit for patients with MS, particularly with arterial hypertension. Further studies with higher doses of melatonin or prolonged supplementation are awaited.