0
selected
-
1.
Exploring the potential impact of nutritionally actionable genetic polymorphisms on idiopathic male infertility: a review of current evidence.
Mahbouli, S, Dupont, C, Elfassy, Y, Lameignère, E, Levy, R
Asian journal of andrology. 2021;(5):441-449
-
-
Free full text
-
Abstract
Infertility affects about 15% of the world's population. In 40%-50% of infertile couples, a male factor underlies the problem, but in about 50% of these cases, the etiology of male infertility remains unexplained. Some clinical data show that lifestyle interventions may contribute to male reproductive health. Cessation of unhealthy habits is suggested for preserving male fertility; there is growing evidence that most preexisting comorbidities, such as obesity and metabolic syndrome, are highly likely to have an impact on male fertility. The analysis of genetic polymorphisms implicated in metabolic activity represents one of the most exciting areas in the study of genetic causes of male infertility. Although these polymorphisms are not directly connected with male infertility, they may have a role in specific conditions associated with it, that is, metabolic disorders and oxidative stress pathway genes that are potentially associated with an increased risk of male infertility due to DNA and cell membrane damage. Some studies have examined the impact of individual genetic differences and gene-diet interactions on male infertility, but their results have not been synthesized. We review the current research to identify genetic variants that could be tested to improve the chances of conceiving spontaneously through personalized diet and/or oral vitamin and mineral supplementation, by examining the science of genetic modifiers of dietary factors that affect nutritional status and male fertility.
-
2.
Mechanisms Involved in the Relationship between Vitamin D and Insulin Resistance: Impact on Clinical Practice.
Contreras-Bolívar, V, García-Fontana, B, García-Fontana, C, Muñoz-Torres, M
Nutrients. 2021;(10)
Abstract
Recent evidence has revealed anti-inflammatory properties of vitamin D as well as extra-skeletal activity. In this context, vitamin D seems to be involved in infections, autoimmune diseases, cardiometabolic diseases, and cancer development. In recent years, the relationship between vitamin D and insulin resistance has been a topic of growing interest. Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels appear to be associated with most of the insulin resistance disorders described to date. In fact, vitamin D deficiency may be one of the factors accelerating the development of insulin resistance. Vitamin D deficiency is a common problem in the population and may be associated with the pathogenesis of diseases related to insulin resistance, such as obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome (MS) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). An important question is the identification of 25(OH)D levels capable of generating an effect on insulin resistance, glucose metabolism and to decrease the risk of developing insulin resistance related disorders. The benefits of 25(OH)D supplementation/repletion on bone health are well known, and although there is a biological plausibility linking the status of vitamin D and insulin resistance supported by basic and clinical research findings, well-designed randomized clinical trials as well as basic research are necessary to know the molecular pathways involved in this association.
-
3.
Quality of Life and Nutritional Status in diabetic patients on hemodialysis.
Cepeda Marte, JL, Javier, A, Ruiz-Matuk, C, Paulino-Ramirez, R
Diabetes & metabolic syndrome. 2019;(1):576-580
Abstract
AIMS: The quality of life (QoL) of patients with diabetes and in hemodialysis is affected by their nutritional status. We aimed to determine the correlation between QoL and nutritional status of patients in hemodialysis. METHODS We conducted a study with people with diabetes and in hemodialysis. We used Kidney Disease and Quality of Life-Short form (KDQOL-SFTM) scale to evaluate QoL and the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) questionnaire for nutritional evaluation. RESULTS The studied patients, 71.43% were over 55 years old and 81% of participants were male. The domain of QoL must impaired were cognitive function (x¯=26.35, SD = 20.81) and interaction of social quality (x¯=19.32, SD = 17.24). The characteristics that most favorably impacted QoL were dialysis equipment support (x¯=83.93, SD = 20.59) and patient satisfaction (x¯=86.51, SD = 17.17). The undernourished patients were 56.6% (n = 14). There was a strong lineal relationship between the Physical and Mental Health Composite and nutritional status, Spearman rank (rho = 0.935, p = <0.001), (rho=0.926, p = <0.001) respectively. CONCLUSION There is a strong relationship between QoL and nutritional status, ensuring that a good nutritional status could positively influence QoL.
-
4.
Impact of Egg Consumption on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes and at Risk for Developing Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Randomized Nutritional Intervention Studies.
Richard, C, Cristall, L, Fleming, E, Lewis, ED, Ricupero, M, Jacobs, RL, Field, CJ
Canadian journal of diabetes. 2017;(4):453-463
Abstract
Observational studies have reported inconclusive results regarding the relationship between egg consumption (and dietary cholesterol) and the risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in individuals with type 2 diabetes, which has led to inconsistent recommendations to patients. We reviewed the evidence of egg consumption on major CVD risk factors in individuals with or at risk for type 2 diabetes (prediabetes, insulin resistance or metabolic syndrome). We performed a systematic search in the databases PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science in January 2016. Inclusion criteria included randomized controlled trials in which the amount of egg consumed was manipulated and compared to a control group that received no-egg or low-egg diets (<2 eggs/week). We found 10 articles (6 original trials) that met our inclusion criteria. The majority of studies found that egg consumption did not affect major CVD risk factors. Consumption of 6 to 12 eggs per week had no impact on plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose, insulin or C-reactive protein in all studies that reported these outcomes in comparison with control groups. An increase in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol with egg consumption was observed in 4 of 6 studies. Results from randomized controlled trials suggest that consumption of 6 to 12 eggs per week, in the context of a diet that is consistent with guidelines on cardiovascular health promotion, has no adverse effect on major CVD risk factors in individuals at risk for developing diabetes or with type 2 diabetes. However, heterogeneities in study design, population included and interventions prevent firm conclusions from being drawn.
-
5.
The relevance of nutrition for the concept of cognitive frailty.
Dominguez, LJ, Barbagallo, M
Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care. 2017;(1):61-68
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Physical and cognitive frailty are interrelated and synergistic syndromes more frequently seen in old age, which represent intermediate stages between aging successfully and disability. Poor nutrition is a fundamental determinant for both conditions, while various dietary components are proposed to prevent and/or improve them. This updated review discusses the possible influence of nutritional factors on cognitive frailty and its potential mediators. RECENT FINDINGS Oxidative stress, low-grade systemic inflammation, neuroinflammation, and altered autophagy, all associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance, are proposed mechanisms to explain the influence of nutrition on cognitive health. Even if no single food or supplement has definitively demonstrated to affect physical frailty and cognitive impairment, combining various dietary and lifestyle components in the Mediterranean dietary pattern has shown benefit. SUMMARY Cognitive frailty is a potential useful construct for the early detection of cognitive impairment and physical frailty, in order to implement timely interventions. Validation of this construct is eagerly needed. Nutritional status is a fundamental part of physical frailty, and potentially important in the prevention of cognitive decline. Identifying and treating protein/calorie and individual nutrients insufficiency is mandatory in all older adults. Conversely, overeating in middle age has been associated with cognitive decline in older age. A lifelong balance diet, such as the Mediterranean diet, combined with regular physical and mental exercise, is perhaps the best preventive strategy against cognitive decline in old age.
-
6.
Impact of maternal nutritional status before and during pregnancy on neonatal body composition: A cross-sectional study.
Pacce, S, Saure, C, Mazza, CS, Garcia, S, Tomzig, RG, Lopez, AP, Ribarola, L, Krochick, GA
Diabetes & metabolic syndrome. 2016;(1 Suppl 1):S7-S12
Abstract
BACKGROUND The existence of early factors which, acting during critical periods of intrauterine or immediate postnatal development, determine long-term health has become increasingly recognized. Both high and low birth weight have been associated with cardiovascular risk factors in adulthood. Therefore, body composition at birth rather than birth weight may be a marker to predict future diseases. Maternal weight previous to and gained during pregnancy is associated with intrauterine fetal growth. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the correlation between maternal nutritional status before and during pregnancy and neonatal body composition. MATERIAL AND METHODS We studied consecutive mother-child pairs at delivery at an Argentinean public hospital during 5 months period, evaluating maternal and neonatal anthropometry before 24h of life as well as the history of the mother before and during pregnancy. Neonatal body composition was calculated according to a mathematical formula based on skinfold thickness measurement validated in newborns. RESULTS Mothers of newborns with high body fat mass were more frequently obese (72.7% versus 35.1%, p 0.005), and more frequently showed weight gain above 18kg during pregnancy (76.4% versus 31%, p 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirm the hypothesis that maternal obesity before pregnancy is highly correlated with neonatal fat mass in the first hours of life.
-
7.
[The nutrition of acute phase in patients with metabolic syndrome].
Tsutsumi, R, Sebe, M
Clinical calcium. 2016;(3):459-62
Abstract
In this session, we describe the acute phase in patients with metabolic syndrome from two sides; acute disease that occurs higher in patients with metabolic syndrome such as colonary heart disease and stroke, and acute aggravation of diabetes such as diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome. The electrolyte imbalance is frequently detected in critical ill patients. It is reported that the extreme abnormalities of ionized calcium concentrations are independent predictors of mortality. In addition, from clinical database MIMIC-Ⅱ,calcium supplementation improves clinical outcome in intensive care unit patients. Although metabolic syndrome; lifestyle-related disease, is a chronic disease, the possibility of falling into acute disease by having it becomes very high and improvement of electrolyte imbalance, especially hypocalcaemia is expected to effective on clinical outcome.
-
8.
Effect of nutritional status and dietary patterns on human serum C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 concentrations.
Smidowicz, A, Regula, J
Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.). 2015;(6):738-47
-
-
Free full text
-
Abstract
The inflammatory process plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus type 2, and metabolic syndrome. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are widely tested inflammatory markers involved in the development of these diseases. Several studies indicate a relation between nutritional status and the concentrations of human high-sensitivity CRP and IL-6. Similarly, the role of diet in reducing inflammation and thereby modulating the risk of non-communicable diseases is supported by numerous studies. This review focuses on the effects of the selected nutrition models in humans on the concentrations of CRP and IL-6. It seems that the Mediterranean diet model is most effective in inhibiting inflammation. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension model and the plant nutrition model also have proven to be beneficial. The data on low-fat and low-carbohydrate diets are inconclusive. Comprehensive studies are necessary, taking into account the cumulative effect of dietary and other factors on the inflammatory process.
-
9.
Nutrition and prostate cancer: an overview.
Patel, VH
Expert review of anticancer therapy. 2014;(11):1295-304
Abstract
There is increasing evidence for a link between nutrition, lifestyle and prostate cancer development. There is also growing interest from patients, with significant numbers of men using complementary and alternative medicines, such as vitamins and types of diet. Obesity and metabolic syndrome are important risk factors for prostate cancer and their management is key. The amount and type of fats consumed are also clearly related to prostate cancer risk. Saturated fats and trans fats are identified as having a negative impact. Nutraceuticals and supplements, particularly antioxidants, polyphenols and soy have evidence for benefit for prevention of prostate cancer and progression of the disease. A selection of nutrients is highlighted in this article. Nutritional therapists advise patients on how to incorporate these beneficial nutrients into their diet and guide them on supplement use. Further research is required to elucidate the connection between diet, nutrients and prostate cancer, including the field of nutrigenetics.
-
10.
[Lack of phosphorus intake and nutrition].
Takeda, E, Ikeda, S, Nakahashi, O
Clinical calcium. 2012;(10):1487-91
Abstract
Since one gram of protein in food provides approximately 15 mg of phosphorus, phosphorus deficiency frequently observed in patients with protein-energy malnutrition (PEM). Chronic phosphorus deficiency in humans causes proximal myopathy. Acute hypophosphatemia may precipitate rhabdomyolysis. Plasma low phosphorus concentration suppresses erythrocyte synthesis and stores of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) , which plays an important role in the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen. Symptoms of nervous system dysfunction, such as weakness, apathy, a bedridden state, and intention tremors, are also observed in severe hypophosphatemia. Refeeding syndrome is caused by rapid refeeding in PEM, characterized by hypophosphatemia and has metabolic and clinical complications. This is potentially fatal, yet is preventable. Awareness and identification of at-risk patients is crucial to improving management.