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Association Between Lifestyle and Hypertriglyceridemic Waist Phenotype in the PREDIMED-Plus Study.
Fernández-García, JC, Muñoz-Garach, A, Martínez-González, MÁ, Salas-Salvado, J, Corella, D, Hernáez, Á, Romaguera, D, Vioque, J, Alonso-Gómez, ÁM, Wärnberg, J, et al
Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.). 2020;(3):537-543
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW) phenotype is characterized by abdominal obesity and high levels of triglycerides. In a cross-sectional assessment of PREDIMED-Plus trial participants at baseline, HTGW phenotype prevalence was evaluated, associated risk factors were analyzed, and the lifestyle of individuals with metabolic syndrome and HTGW was examined. METHODS A total of 6,874 individuals aged 55 to 75 with BMI ≥ 27 and < 40 kg/m2 were included and classified by presence (HTGW+ ) or absence (HTGW- ) of HTGW (waist circumference: men ≥ 102 cm, women ≥ 88 cm; fasting plasma triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL). Analytical parameters and lifestyle (energy intake and expenditure) were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 38.2% of the sample met HTGW+ criteria. HTGW+ individuals tended to be younger, have a greater degree of obesity, be sedentary, and be tobacco users. They had higher peripheral glucose, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels; had lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels; and had increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) adherence and physical activity were greater in HTGW- patients. Age, BMI, tobacco use, total energy expenditure, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and MedDiet adherence were associated with HTGW+ . CONCLUSIONS HTGW is a highly prevalent phenotype in this population associated with younger age, higher BMI, tobacco use, and decreased MedDiet adherence. HTGW- individuals were more physically active with greater total physical activity, and fewer had hypertension.
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Intra-abdominal fat accumulation is an important predictor of metabolic syndrome in young adults.
Kobayashi, M, Ogawa, S, Tayama, J, Sagara, I, Takeoka, A, Bernick, P, Kawano, T, Abiru, N, Hayashida, M, Shirabe, S
Medicine. 2020;(37):e22202
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Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), mainly caused by intra-abdominal fat (IAF) accumulation, is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The prevalence of MetS increases rapidly after the age of 40 years, and it is presumed that there is a substantial proportion of MetS in younger age groups. However, the association of IAF with MetS in adults aged 20 to 30 years has not been fully investigated.This study aimed to determine the prevalence of MetS and to verify whether IAF accumulation is associated with other MetS-related metabolic disorders including dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, and high blood glucose among the Japanese population in their 20s.In this cross-sectional study, IAF area (IAFA) and MetS-related metabolic parameters were evaluated in university students in their 20s (n = 1822, 21.5 ± 1.5 years). IAFA was measured using a non-invasive device, DUALSCAN, which can be readily measured through the dual impedance method. The participants were divided into four groups according to IAFA 0-49.9, 50-74.9, 75-99.9, and ≥100 cm.MetS was prevalent in 3.3% and 0.0% of the males and females, respectively, according to the Japanese criteria of MetS. The sex- and lifestyle-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for the three metabolic component levels of Mets were elevated in the larger IAFA groups compared to the smallest IAFA group, according to the level of IAFA. The levels particularly increased in participants with abdominal obesity, defined by both, IAFA and waist circumference rather than by waist circumference alone.IAF accumulation was significantly associated with MetS-related metabolic disorders in young adults. An evaluation of IAFA may contribute to the early prediction of the risk of developing MetS in the future.
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Prevalence of overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity in Bangladeshi university students: A cross-sectional study.
Zamsad, M, Banik, S, Ghosh, L
Diabetes & metabolic syndrome. 2019;(1):480-483
Abstract
AIM: A sustained economic growth in Bangladesh leading to nutrition transition with negative impact on health followed to sedentary lifestyle, and obesity. Therefore, the study objective was to examine the prevalence of overweight, obesity and abdominal obesity among Bangladeshi university students. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study in Bangladeshi university students was conducted in December 2016 to April 2017. Randomly selected participants, aged 18-25 years were analyzed from three specific universities as per gender variation. The height and waist-circumference were measured using measuring tape and weight by personal weight scale. RESULTS Total samples 500, 64.6% (n = 323) were males, 34.5% (n = 117) were females and mean age (standard deviation) was 21.76 (1.86) years. The prevalence of overweight and obesity (14.86% vs. 11.86%) were significantly 1.29-fold higher in males than females (OR: 1.29, 95%CI: 0.75-2.25, p < 0.001). Mean waist-circumference was significantly (p < 0.001) higher in males than females, but the waist-to height ratio (WHtR) was higher in females than in males (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION We conclude that the prevalence of overweight and obesity is significantly higher in male students than female university students of Bangladesh because of girls were so much concerned their physical appearance and wish a slim body than boys. However, future study and public health efforts are necessary to address complications of obesity problem and to promote active lifestyles.
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Capacity adiposity indices to identify metabolic syndrome in subjects with intermediate cardiovascular risk (MARK study).
Gomez-Marcos, MA, Gomez-Sanchez, L, Patino-Alonso, MC, Recio-Rodriguez, JI, Gomez-Sanchez, M, Rigo, F, Marti, R, Agudo-Conde, C, Maderuelo-Fernandez, JA, Ramos, R, et al
PloS one. 2019;(1):e0209992
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity increases mortality, and is linked to cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the ability of different adiposity indices to identify subjects with MetS among people with intermediate cariovascular risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cross-sectional study involved 2478 subjects, recruited by the MARK study. Adiposity measures: general adiposity by body mass index (BMI), central adiposity by waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), fat mass percent by the Clínica Universidad de Navarra-body adiposity estimator (CUN-BAE), percentage of body fat and of visceral adipose tissue by body roundness index (BRI) and visceral obesity and general adiposity with body shape index (ABSI). The diagnosis of MetS was made in accordance with the criteria established in the international consensus of the Joint Scientific Statement National Cholesterol Education Program III. RESULTS The highest correlation coefficients were obtained by the glycemic components (HbA1c and FPG) of the MetS and ranged from 0.155 to 0.320. The exception was ABSI, which showed lower values in the global analysis and in the males. Values of the area under the ROC curve with the adiposity indices ranged from 0.773 with the BMI in males to 0.567 with ABSI in males. In the logistic regression analysis, all adiposity factors, except ABSI, showed similar OR values of MetS after adjusting for possible confounding factors. In the global analysis, the adiposity index that showed a highest OR of MetS was CUN-BAE (OR 5.50; 95% CI 4.27-7.09). In the analysis by gender, the highest ORs were BMI in males (OR 5.98; 95% CI 4.70-7.60) and both WHtR and BRI in females (OR 4.15; 95% CI 3.09-5.58). CONCLUSION All adiposity indices, except for ABSI, show an association with MetS and similar ability to detect subjects with MetS among people with intermediate cariovascular risk.