1.
Efficacy of Bilberry and Grape Seed Extract Supplement Interventions to Improve Glucose and Cholesterol Metabolism and Blood Pressure in Different Populations-A Systematic Review of the Literature.
Grohmann, T, Litts, C, Horgan, G, Zhang, X, Hoggard, N, Russell, W, de Roos, B
Nutrients. 2021;(5)
Abstract
Intervention with fruit extracts may lower glucose and lipid levels, as well as blood pressure. We reviewed the efficacy of bilberry and grape seed extracts to affect these outcomes across populations with varying health status, age and ethnicity, across intervention doses and durations, in 24 intervention studies with bilberry and blackcurrant (n = 4) and grape seed extract (n = 20). Bilberry and blackcurrant extract lowered average levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), at least in Chinese subjects, especially in those who were older, who were diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and who were participating in longer-term studies. We also found good evidence that across studies and in subjects with hypercholesterolemia, T2DM or metabolic syndrome, intervention with bilberry and blackcurrant extract, and to some extent grape seed extract, significantly lowered total and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels after four weeks. Intervention with grape seed extract may reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure in subjects with hypertension or metabolic syndrome. Differential responsiveness in cholesterol and blood pressure outcomes between stratified populations could not be explained by age, dose or study duration. In conclusion, bilberry and blackcurrant extract appears effective in lowering HbA1c and total and LDL cholesterol, whereas grape seed extract may lower total and LDL cholesterol, and blood pressure, in specific population groups.
2.
Efficacy of Argane Oil on Metabolic Syndrome in a Moroccan Knee Osteoarthritis Population.
Essouiri, J, Abourazzak, FE, Lazrak, F, Najdi, A, Benaicha, N, Harzy, T, Errasfa, M
Current rheumatology reviews. 2018;(1):84-88
Abstract
Five medical conditions which characterize metabolic syndrome are abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, elevated fasting plasma glucose, high serum triglycerides, and low highdensity lipoproteins cholesterol. When a patient has any three of the five above conditions, he is known to have metabolic syndrome, and these conditions represent a key element in cardiovascular diseases. On the other hand, knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease which was shown to be affected by some of the parameters of metabolic syndrome. Edible Argane oil is used in Moroccan folk medicine against several health conditions, such as knee osteoarthritis, though, evidence-based medical data about the above health benefit from Argane oil treatment are lacking. In the present clinical controlled study, we have found that consumption of Argane oil by 38 patients who have knee osteoarthritis and metabolic syndrome can improve several of their metabolic syndrome parameters and decrease their blood lipid atherogenic ratios. The present clinical study, to the best of our knowledge, is the first one to show that Argane oil consumption could be a therapeutic preventive tool against key cardiovascular risk factors of metabolic syndrome in knee osteoarthritis patients.
3.
Is the metabolic syndrome inversely associates with butter, non-hydrogenated- and hydrogenated-vegetable oils consumption: Tehran lipid and glucose study.
Hosseinpour-Niazi, S, Mirmiran, P, Hosseini-Esfahani, F, Azizi, F
Diabetes research and clinical practice. 2016;:20-29
Abstract
AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between hydrogenated- (HVOs) and non-hydrogenated vegetable oils (non-HVOs) and butter and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) after 3-years of follow-up in adults. METHODS This study was conducted between 2006-2008 and 2009-2011 within the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, on 1582 adults, aged 19-84 years. Intakes of HVOs, non-HVOs and butter were assessed by a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Based on the consumption of food rich in fat including HVOs, non-HVOs and butter, participants were categorized to consumers and non-consumers. RESULTS Of 1582 participants during a 3-year follow-up, 15.2% developed MetS. Non-consumption of butter was associated with lower MetS risk compared with its consumption. Among consumers of food rich in fat, intake of HVOs and butter were associated with an increased risk of MetS; ORs in the final multivariate model were 2.70 (95% CI: 1.52-4.78) for HVOs and 2.03 (95% CI: 1.20-3.41) for butter, in the highest, compared to the lowest category of dietary intakes. Intake of non-HVOs was not associated with risk of MetS. CONCLUSIONS Consumption of HVOs and butter were positively associated with an increase risk of MetS.
4.
The potential role of olive oil-derived MUFA in insulin sensitivity.
Tierney, AC, Roche, HM
Molecular nutrition & food research. 2007;(10):1235-48
Abstract
Dietary fatty acids play an important role in the development of insulin resistance, the prelude to type 2 diabetes mellitus. This review addresses the potential role of olive oil-derived MUFA in insulin sensitivity, particularly how dietary fat interacts with insulin resistance looking at whole body metabolic measures, as well as molecular effects. The review focuses on the role of non-esterified fatty acids, fatty acid composition in vivo and dietary fat modification on insulin resistance in the metabolic syndrome. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of olive oil within the context of dietary modification to improve insulin sensitivity and for the prevention of the metabolic syndrome.