1.
Differential proteome analysis of diabetes mellitus type 2 and its pathophysiological complications.
Sohail, W, Majeed, F, Afroz, A
Diabetes & metabolic syndrome. 2018;(6):1125-1131
Abstract
The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (DM 2) is increasing every passing year due to some global changes in lifestyles of people. The exact underlying mechanisms of the progression of this disease are not yet known. However recent advances in the combined omics more particularly in proteomics and genomics have opened a gateway towards the understanding of predetermined genetic factors, progression, complications and treatment of this disease. Here we shall review the recent advances in proteomics that have led to an early and better diagnostic approaches in controlling DM 2 more importantly the comparison of structural and functional protein biomarkers that are modified in the diseased state. By applying these advanced and promising proteomic strategies with bioinformatics applications and bio-statistical tools the prevalence of DM 2 and its associated disorders i-e nephropathy and retinopathy are expected to be controlled.
2.
Oxidative stress-induced posttranslational modification of proteins as a target of functional food.
Naito, Y, Yoshikawa, T
Forum of nutrition. 2009;:39-54
Abstract
In lifestyle-related diseases including metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis, and cancer, oxidative stress is indicated by several markers, among which are lipid peroxides, aldehydes, and nitrotyrosine. We hypothesized that identification of proteins that are posttranslationally modified due to oxidative stress would lead to a greater understanding of some of the potential molecular mechanisms involved in degeneration and inflammation in these disorders. Proteomics is an emerging method for identification of proteins and their modification residues, and its application to food factor science is just beginning. Especially, we can obtain several monoclonal antibodies to detect specifically oxidized proteins, which can be applied to analysis by immunostaining or immunoblot. In this review, we present the use of these monoclonal antibodies in several diseases, from which new insights have emerged into mechanisms of metabolism and inflammation in these disorders that are associated with oxidative stress.