1.
Sleep disturbances in eating disorders: a review.
Cinosi, E, Di Iorio, G, Acciavatti, T, Cornelio, M, Vellante, F, De Risio, L, Martinotti, G
La Clinica terapeutica. 2011;(6):e195-202
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are frequently associated with disturbances of sleep and circadian rhythms. This review focus on the relationship between sleep disturbances and eating disorders. In the first part are discussed the presence of sleep disorders among patients suffering from anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, the macrostructure and microstructure of theirs sleep, the differences between the various subtypes in ED patients, the dreams of eating disordered patients and their recurrent contents. In the second part, there are treated sleep disturbances in binge eating disorder and other eating disorders not otherwise specified, such as nocturnal (night) eating syndrome and sleep-related eating disorder. In the third part, there are presented data concerning the neurobiological and neuroendocrinological correlates between feeding, metabolism, weight restoration and the processes regulating sleep. In conclusion, possible future investigations are proposed.
2.
Emerging risk factors for cerebrovascular disease.
Solenski, NJ
Current drug targets. 2007;(7):802-16
Abstract
Nontraditional risk factors for cerebrovascular disease are rapidly emerging. The categories are expanding, and include those related to infection, inflammation, sleep disorders, hemostasis, nutrition, endocrine, and one's individual genotype. Many of the promising factors lack large randomized prospective population studies confirming direct cause and effect. However there have been strong evidence supporting increased stroke risk factor for infection, obstructive sleep disorders, the metabolic syndrome and impaired glucose tolerance in particular. Unique drug targets have already been identified in some of these emerging risk factors. The complexity of the pathophysiology of this disease remains a challenge. For example despite repeated evidence of estrogen-related neuroprotection, large population-based studies in postmenopausal women receiving estrogen replacement did not demonstrate the expected neuroprotection. This suggests that aggressive research both at the basic science and transitional level needs to evolve, to ensure targeted successful stroke therapy. The advent of nanotechnology including the development of targeted therapeutic nanospheres, and of revolutionary molecular technology resulting in the synthesis of specific peptide mimetics, bodes well for the future development of cerebrovascular drug treatment.