0
selected
-
1.
Role of Thiamin in Health and Disease.
Polegato, BF, Pereira, AG, Azevedo, PS, Costa, NA, Zornoff, LAM, Paiva, SAR, Minicucci, MF
Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. 2019;(4):558-564
Abstract
Thiamin is a hydrosoluble vitamin that plays a role in several biological processes, mainly in glucose metabolism. There are several risk factors for developing thiamin deficiency, such as malnutrition, refeeding syndrome, gastrointestinal surgery, and alcoholism. Recently, the role of thiamin in critically ill patients has gained prominence, and the prevalence of thiamin deficiency was found to be increased in patients with severe burns, major surgery, septic shock, end-stage renal disease, and heart failure. In adults, thiamin deficiency presents as encephalopathy, dry beriberi (with neurological signs and symptoms), or wet beriberi (with cardiovascular signs and symptoms). Thiamin deficiency can be diagnosed clinically, and all clinicians should be aware of this disease, especially in patients with risk factors for thiamin deficiency. Thiamin supplementation should be started as early as possible in patients suspected to have thiamin deficiency. Treatment is safe, inexpensive, simple, and life-saving. Diagnosis is confirmed on a positive response to treatment.
-
2.
[The role of thiamine in neurodegenerative diseases].
Bubko, I, Gruber, BM, Anuszewska, EL
Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej (Online). 2015;:1096-106
Abstract
Vitamin B1 (thiamine) plays an important role in metabolism. It is indispensable for normal growth and development of the organism. Thiamine has a favourable impact on a number of systems, including the digestive, cardiovascular and nervous systems. It also stimulates the brain and improves the psycho-emotional state. Hence it is often called the vitamin of "reassurance of the spirit". Thiamine is a water-soluble vitamin. It can be present in the free form as thiamine or as its phosphate esters: mono-, di- or triphosphate. The main source of thiamine as an exogenous vitamin is certain foodstuffs, but trace amounts can be synthesised by microorganisms of the large intestine. The recommended daily intake of thiamine is about 2.0 mg. Since vitamin B1 has no ability to accumulate in the organism, manifestations of its deficiency begin to appear very quickly. The chronic state of thiamine deficiency, to a large extent, because of its function, contributes to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. It was proved that supporting vitamin B1 therapy not only constitutes neuroprotection but can also have a favourable impact on advanced neurodegenerative diseases. This article presents the current state of knowledge as regards the effects of thiamine exerted through this vitamin in a number of diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Wernicke's encephalopathy or Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and Huntington's disease.
-
3.
The impact of thiamine supplementation on blood pressure, serum lipids and C-reactive protein in individuals with hyperglycemia: a randomised, double-blind cross-over trial.
Alaei-Shahmiri, F, Soares, MJ, Zhao, Y, Sherriff, J
Diabetes & metabolic syndrome. 2015;(4):213-7
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adverse effects of hyperglycemia may be potentiated when it is accompanied with hypertension and dyslipidemia. This study assessed the effects of high dose thiamine on blood pressure, serum lipids and C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in individuals with impaired glucose metabolism. METHODS This was a double-blind, randomised trial, where 12 hyperglycemic subjects (10 cases of impaired glucose tolerance and 2 new cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus) received both placebo and thiamine capsules (3 × 100 mg/day) for six weeks in a cross-over manner. Anthropometric measurements, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP & DBP), serum cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, hs-CRP and thiamine status were evaluated at the start, after three weeks and on the completion of each arm. RESULTS DBP was significantly decreased in participants consuming thiamine supplements for six weeks (67.9 ± 5.8 mm Hg) relative to baseline (71.4 ± 7.4 mm Hg, p=0.005) and week 3 (70.9. ± 5.8 mm Hg, p=0.02). This was accompanied with a tendency toward a lower SBP at week six relative to baseline (116.5 ± 11.0 vs. 120.7 ± 15.3 mm Hg, p=0.06). Also, mean arterial pressure (MAP) determined in the supplement arm after six weeks was significantly lower than baseline (84.1 ± 6.5 vs. 87.8 ± 9.0, p=0.005). These variables did not change in the placebo arm. No significant change was detected in the supplement or placebo arms when lipid profile and hs-CRP were assessed. CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION High dose thiamine supplementation may have beneficial effects on the blood pressure of individuals with hyperglycemia at early stages, and may have a role in the prevention of further vascular complications. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12611000051943.
-
4.
The effects of vitamin B1 on ameliorating the premenstrual syndrome symptoms.
Abdollahifard, S, Rahmanian Koshkaki, A, Moazamiyanfar, R
Global journal of health science. 2014;(6):144-53
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE The premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a series of physical, mental, and behavioral symptoms with various severities, and disturbs social and personal relationships. The syndrome appears during luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and is a common disorder of reproductive age. Different treatments have been introduced for the syndrome due to its unknown complicated causes. Vitamin B1 (Thiamin) may reduce symptoms of the syndrome through affecting the performance of coenzymes in the metabolism of carbohydrates and main branch of amino acid that plays an important role in appearance of physical and mental symptoms of the PMS. Vitamin B1 is the first water-soluble discovered vitamin. As it is effective in neural activity and muscle tonus in different body activities, including hematopoiesis, metabolism of carbohydrates, activities of the central nervous system and neuromuscular system, etc., it can be effective in this dysmenorrhea that is a disorder resulting from uterine muscular contraction. There are no enough studies and research on the effect of vitamin B1 on the symptoms of PMS, therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of vitamin B1 on the symptoms of PMS in students residing at dormitories of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences in 2013. METHODS In this double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, 80 students with PMS residing at dormitories of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences were divided randomly into two groups, vitamin B1 and placebo. The severity of the symptoms of PMS in two cycles, before the intervention and during the intervention, was recorded by the students. The data were collected using an information collection form, PMS provisional diagnosis form, daily status record form, Beck Depression Inventory. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS There was no significant difference among the studied variables in terms of confounding variables. The comparison of vitamin B1 group before the intervention with that after the intervention showed that vitamin B1 reduced mean mental (35.08%) and physical (21.2%) symptoms significantly (P < 0.0001). Moreover, there was a significant difference between vitamin B1 and placebo groups in terms of mean mental and physical symptoms, as mean symptoms in vitamin B1 group was significantly lower than that in the placebo group (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION It seems that vitamin B1 is effective in recovery of mental and physical symptoms of PMS. Therefore, this vitamin can be used to reach a major goal of midwifery, that is, reduction of symptom severity of PMS, without any side effects.
-
5.
Cardiac manifestations in thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome.
Lorber, A, Gazit, AZ, Khoury, A, Schwartz, Y, Mandel, H
Pediatric cardiology. 2003;(5):476-81
Abstract
Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia (TRMA) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder defined by the occurrence of megaloblastic anemia, diabetes mellitus, and sensorineural deafness, responding in varying degrees to thiamine treatment. Other features of this syndrome gradually develop. We describe three TRMA patients with heart rhythm abnormalities and structural cardiac anomalies. Eight other reported TRMA patients also had cardiac anomalies. Recently, the TRMA gene, SLC19A2, was identified, encoding a functional thiamine transporter. Characterization of the metabolic defect of TRMA may shed light on the role of thiamine in common cardiac abnormalities.