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1.
Adherence to lifelines diet score and risk factors of metabolic syndrome among overweight and obese adults: A cross-sectional study.
Akhavanfar, R, Hojati, A, Kahrizi, MS, Farhangi, MA, Ardekani, AM
Frontiers in nutrition. 2022;:961468
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of the most significant public health issues worldwide, and diet quality is an important controllable environmental factor influencing the incidence of MetS. Numerous dietary scores have been established to assess compliance with dietary recommendations or eating patterns, many of which are not entirely food-based. Hence, Lifelines Diet Score (LLDS) was developed in response to the shortcomings of existing tools. This study aimed to assess any possible links between total food quality and cardiometabolic risk factors among overweight and obese adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 338 overweight and obese individuals [body mass index (BMI) > 25 kg/m2] aged 20-50 years in Tabriz, Iran. To collect dietary data, we used a validated semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for Iranian population. Enzymatic-colorimetric methods were used to assess serum glucose and lipids, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used to measure insulin levels. In addition, the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) were calculated. RESULTS BMI and hip circumference (HC) were significantly different (P < 0.05) amongst LLDS tertiles. Adherence to the highest tertile of LLDS was associated with lower SBP, and the subjects in higher LLDS tertiles significantly had lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P = 0.04). Triglyceride (TG) levels were also lower in the third tertile of LLDS with a near-significant P-value (P = 0.05). CONCLUSION According to our results, a higher diet quality score, determined by LLDS, can be associated with a lower risk of MetS. Further experimental and longitudinal studies are needed to better understand this relationship.
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2.
Correlation Decomposition between TCM Syndrome Types and Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism in 50 Maintenance Hemodialysis Sufferers.
Li, Y
Contrast media & molecular imaging. 2022;:3927989
Abstract
Aiming to reveal the relationship between TCM syndrome types and calcium and phosphorus metabolism in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) sufferers, 50 sufferers diagnosed with MHD who were admitted to Suixi County Hospital in Anhui Province are selected for retrospective decomposition. The data of TCM classification and laboratory indicators of the sufferers are collected. The experimental results indicate that calcium and phosphorus metabolism disorder is common in maintenance hemodialysis patients, especially calcium and phosphorus product and blood phosphorus elevation. The increase of the calcium-phosphorus product is closely related to the mortality and calcification rate of the subcutaneous soft tissue. It can provide a reference for the diagnosis and therapy of abnormal calcium and phosphorus metabolism in sufferers, which is worthy of clinical application.
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3.
Clinical Study of Heart Failure with Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Regimen Treated with Entresto.
Feng, M, He, B, Wang, B, Chen, X, Chu, H
Contrast media & molecular imaging. 2022;:4164089
Abstract
Heart failure is a group of syndromes caused by various cardiac structural or functional disorders leading to impaired ventricular filling and (or) ejection capacity. Because of decreased ventricular systolic function and impaired ejection function, the amount of cardiac output cannot meet the body's metabolic needs; organ and tissue blood perfusion is insufficient; at the same time, pulmonary circulation and (or) systemic circulation congestion; the clinical manifestations are mainly dyspnea and weakness but restricted physical activity and edema. Treatment of the disease should include preventing and delaying the onset of wails, relieving symptoms of clinical wails, improving its long-term prognosis, and reducing mortality. The aim of the study is to observe the efficacy and safety of Entresto in the treatment of left ventricular ejection fraction heart failure (HFpEF). Seventy-eight patients with HFpEF treated in our hospital from October 2017 to April 2018 were randomized into a treatment group (Entresto 50 mg + basic treatment, n = 39) and a control group (basic treatment, n = 39). The course of treatment was ten weeks. The levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and echocardiographic indicators (LVMI, LVEF, LVEDD, LVESD, E/E' Ratio, E/A ratio, DT), 6-minute walking test (6MWD), and Minnesota Quality of Life Scale (MLHFQ) were analyzed before and after treatment. LVMI, LVEF, LVEDD, LVESD, E/E' ratio, E/A ratio, DT, and BNP were all significantly improved in the Entresto group after treatment. In the control group, except for LVEDD, LVESD, the E/A ratio, and BNP, other indicators were significantly improved after treatment (P < 0.05). Posttreatment, both groups had significantly improved 6MWD and MLHFQ scores (P < 0.05). Differences in these parameters between the two groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of NE, AngII, ALD, and MMP-9 in the two groups were decreased (P < 0.05), with the lower lever in the treatment group (P < 0.05). The effective rate was 76.92% in the control group and 94.87% in the Entresto group, and this rate difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The number of patients re-hospitalized due to cardiovascular events was 2 (the Entresto group) vs. 7 (the control group) cases; worsening of heart failure was observed in 1 patient (the Entresto group) vs. 6 (the control group), and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). However, the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups was not statistically significant. Entresto can significantly improve left ventricular diastolic function in heart failure patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction and improve quality of life. This treatment is safe and effective and worthy of clinical application. This trail is registered with ChiCTR2000031486. This trial was approved by the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (clinical trial number: ChiCTR2000031486). The registration number of this study is 2022-R008.
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4.
Association between Rosacea and Cardiovascular Diseases and Related Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Li, Y, Guo, L, Hao, D, Li, X, Wang, Y, Jiang, X
BioMed research international. 2020;:7015249
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rosacea is a common inflammatory skin disorder. Several studies, but not all, have suggested a high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in rosacea patients. This study is aimed at investigating the association between rosacea and CVDs and related risk factors. METHODS We performed a literature search through PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases, from their respective inception to December 21, 2019. Two reviewers independently screened the articles, extracted data, and performed analysis, following the PRISMA guidelines. Odds ratios (OR) or standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for outcomes. The included studies' quality was evaluated using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS). RESULTS The final meta-analysis included ten studies. The pooled analysis found no association between rosacea prevalence and the incidence of CVDs (OR 0.97; 95% CI 0.86-1.10). Rosacea was found to be significantly associated with several risk factors for CVDs (OR 1.17; 95% CI 1.05-1.31), including hypertension (OR 1.17; 95% CI 1.02-1.35), dyslipidemia (OR 1.34; 95% CI 1.00-1.79), and metabolic syndrome (OR 1.72; 95% CI 1.09-2.72). However, no association was found between rosacea and diabetes mellitus (OR 0.98; 95% CI 0.82-1.16). Among the biological parameters, a significant association was found between rosacea and total cholesterol (SMD = 0.40; 95% CI = -0.00, 0.81; p < 0.05), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (SMD = 0.28; 95% CI = 0.01, 0.56; p < 0.05), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (SMD = 0.25; 95% CI = 0.10, 0.41; p < 0.05). We found no association between rosacea and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (SMD = 0.00; 95% CI = -0.18, 0.18; p = 0.968) or triglycerides (SMD = 0.10; 95% CI = -0.04, 0.24; p = 0.171). CONCLUSIONS Although no significant association was found between rosacea and CVDs, rosacea was found to be associated with several of related risk factors. Patients with rosacea should pay more attention to identifiable CVD risk factors, especially those related to inflammatory and metabolic disorders.
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5.
Probiotic assisted weight management as a main factor for glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.
Khalili, L, Alipour, B, Asghari Jafarabadi, M, Hassanalilou, T, Mesgari Abbasi, M, Faraji, I
Diabetology & metabolic syndrome. 2019;:5
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus casei 01 on dietary intake, body weight, and glycemic control in patients with T2DM. METHOD Forty patients with T2DM (n = 20 for each group) were assigned into two groups in present trial. The patients in the probiotic group received a daily capsule containing a minimum of 108 CFU of L. casei 01 for 8 week. The placebo group took capsules filled with maltodextrin for the same time period. Dietary intake questionnaires and anthropometric measurements were collected, and the participants were assessed by an endocrinologist at baseline and at the end of the trial. RESULTS Lactobacillus casei 01 supplementation significantly decreased total energy, carbohydrate, fat, and protein intake compared with placebo (p = 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.009, p = 0.001; respectively). Moreover weight, BMI, and waist circumference were significantly decreased in intervention group compared with placebo group (p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p = 0.029; respectively). In comparison with placebo group serum fetuin-A level, fasting blood sugar, insulin concentration, and insulin resistance were significantly decreased (p = 0.023, p =0.013, p = 0.028; p = 0.007; respectively), and serum SIRT1 level was significantly increased (p = 0.040) in intervention group. CONCLUSIONS Lactobacillus casei 01 supplementation affected dietary intake and body weight in a way that improved fetuin-A and SIRT1 levels and glycemic response in subjects with T2DM. Affecting the fetuin-A and SIRT1 levels introduces a new known mechanism of probiotic action in diabetes management.
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6.
Randomized controlled trial of N-acetylcysteine versus l-carnitine among women with clomiphene-citrate-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome.
El Sharkwy, IA, Abd El Aziz, WM
International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 2019;(1):59-64
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare clinical and metabolic profiles between N-acetylcysteine and l-carnitine among women with clomiphene citrate (CC)-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS A randomized trial at Zagazig University between January 2017 and March 2018. Women with CC-resistant PCOS were allocated randomly to receive CC plus N-acetylcysteine or CC plus l-carnitine. The primary outcome was clinical pregnancy rate; secondary outcomes were ovulation rate and metabolic changes. RESULTS Overall, 162 women completed the study (N-acetylcysteine group, n=82; l-carnitine group, n=80). After 3 months, there was no difference in pregnancy (P=0.15), ovulation (P=0.21), or spontaneous abortion (P=0.11) rates between the two groups. There was no significant decrease in BMI in either group (both P>0.05). There were improvements in menstrual pattern, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, free testosterone, and insulin resistance markers in both groups (all P<0.05). An improvement in lipid profile was observed only in the l-carnitine group (P<0.001). N-Acetylcysteine treatment led to significantly greater improvement in free testosterone and insulin resistance parameters as compared with l-carnitine (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Both N-acetylcysteine and l-carnitine were equally effective in improving pregnancy and ovulation rates among women with CC-resistant PCOS. However, N-acetylcysteine was superior in ameliorating insulin resistance and only l-carnitine improved lipid profile. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03164421.
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7.
The effects of vitamin D and evening primrose oil co-supplementation on lipid profiles and biomarkers of oxidative stress in vitamin D-deficient women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Nasri, K, Akrami, S, Rahimi, M, Taghizadeh, M, Behfar, M, Mazandaranian, MR, Kheiry, A, Memarzadeh, MR, Asemi, Z
Endocrine research. 2018;(1):1-10
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY There was inconsistent evidence about the benefit of vitamin D plus evening primrose oil (EPO) supplement intake on lipid profiles and reduced oxidative stress among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The current study was performed to evaluate the effects of vitamin D plus EPO supplementation on lipid profiles and biomarkers of oxidative stress in vitamin D-deficient women with PCOS. MATERIALS AND METHODS This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed among 60 vitamin D-deficient women with PCOS. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups to receive either 1000 IU vitamin D3 plus 1000 mg EPO (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) for 12 weeks. Metabolic profiles were quantified at baseline and after the 12-week intervention. RESULTS Compared with the placebo group, women in vitamin D and EPO co-supplementation group had significant increases in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) (+10.7 ± 8.4 vs. -0.5 ± 1.6 ng/mL, p < 0.001) and plasma total glutathione (GSH) (+62.7 ± 58.0 vs. -0.7 ± 122.7 µmol/L, p = 0.01), while there were significant decreases in triglycerides (-7.3 ± 23.8 vs. +6.9 ± 26.3 mg/dL, p = 0.03), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol levels (-1.5 ± 4.7 vs. +1.4 ± 5.3 mg/dL, p = 0.03), total/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (-0.3 ± 0.4 vs. -0.02 ± 0.4, p = 0.02), and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration (-0.4 ± 0.4 vs. +0.5 ± 1.8 µmol/L, p = 0.008). CONCLUSION Overall, vitamin D and EPO co-supplementation for 12 weeks among vitamin D-deficient women with PCOS significantly improved triglycerides, VLDL cholesterol, GSH, and MDA levels.
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8.
LA sprouts randomized controlled nutrition and gardening program reduces obesity and metabolic risk in Latino youth.
Gatto, NM, Martinez, LC, Spruijt-Metz, D, Davis, JN
Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.). 2015;(6):1244-51
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of a 12-week gardening, nutrition, and cooking intervention ("LA Sprouts") on dietary intake, obesity parameters, and metabolic disease risk among low-income, primarily Hispanic/Latino youth in Los Angeles. METHODS The randomized controlled trial involved four elementary schools [two schools randomized to intervention (172 third-through fifth-grade students); two schools randomized to control (147 third-through fifth-grade students)]. Classes were taught in 90-minute sessions once a week to each grade level for 12 weeks. Data collected at pre- and postintervention included dietary intake via food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), anthropometric measures [BMI, waist circumference (WC)], body fat, and fasting blood samples. RESULTS LA Sprouts participants had significantly greater reductions in BMI z-scores (0.1-vs. 0.04-point decrease, respectively; P = 0.01) and WC (-1.2 cm vs. no change; P < 0.001). Fewer LA Sprouts participants had the metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) after the intervention than before, while the number of controls with MetSyn increased. LA Sprouts participants had improvements in dietary fiber intake (+3.5% vs. -15.5%; P = 0.04) and less decreases in vegetable intake (-3.6% vs. -26.4%; P = 0.04). Change in fruit intake before and after the intervention did not significantly differ between LA Sprouts and control subjects. CONCLUSIONS LA Sprouts was effective in reducing obesity and metabolic risk.
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9.
A comprehensive review on metabolic syndrome.
Kaur, J
Cardiology research and practice. 2014;:943162
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is defined by a constellation of interconnected physiological, biochemical, clinical, and metabolic factors that directly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and all cause mortality. Insulin resistance, visceral adiposity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, endothelial dysfunction, genetic susceptibility, elevated blood pressure, hypercoagulable state, and chronic stress are the several factors which constitute the syndrome. Chronic inflammation is known to be associated with visceral obesity and insulin resistance which is characterized by production of abnormal adipocytokines such as tumor necrosis factor α , interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, leptin, and adiponectin. The interaction between components of the clinical phenotype of the syndrome with its biological phenotype (insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, etc.) contributes to the development of a proinflammatory state and further a chronic, subclinical vascular inflammation which modulates and results in atherosclerotic processes. Lifestyle modification remains the initial intervention of choice for such population. Modern lifestyle modification therapy combines specific recommendations on diet and exercise with behavioural strategies. Pharmacological treatment should be considered for those whose risk factors are not adequately reduced with lifestyle changes. This review provides summary of literature related to the syndrome's definition, epidemiology, underlying pathogenesis, and treatment approaches of each of the risk factors comprising metabolic syndrome.
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10.
The copper radioisotopes: a systematic review with special interest to 64Cu.
Niccoli Asabella, A, Cascini, GL, Altini, C, Paparella, D, Notaristefano, A, Rubini, G
BioMed research international. 2014;:786463
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an important trace element in humans; it plays a role as a cofactor for numerous enzymes and other proteins crucial for respiration, iron transport, metabolism, cell growth, and hemostasis. Natural copper comprises two stable isotopes, (63)Cu and (65)Cu, and 5 principal radioisotopes for molecular imaging applications ((60)Cu, (61)Cu, (62)Cu, and (64)Cu) and in vivo targeted radiation therapy ((64)Cu and (67)Cu). The two potential ways to produce Cu radioisotopes concern the use of the cyclotron or the reactor. A noncopper target is used to produce noncarrier-added Cu thanks to a chemical separation from the target material using ion exchange chromatography achieving a high amount of radioactivity with the lowest possible amount of nonradioactive isotopes. In recent years, Cu isotopes have been linked to antibodies, proteins, peptides, and nanoparticles for preclinical and clinical research; pathological conditions that influence Cu metabolism such as Menkes syndrome, Wilson disease, inflammation, tumor growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance have been studied. We aim to discuss all Cu radioisotopes application focusing on (64)Cu and in particular its form (64)CuCl2 that seems to be the most promising for its half-life, radiation emissions, and stability with chelators, allowing several applications in oncological and nononcological fields.