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Total and regional bone mineral and tissue composition in female adolescent athletes: comparison between volleyball players and swimmers.

CIDAF (UID/DTP/04213/2016), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (SFRH/BPD/100470/2014), Lisbon, Portugal. Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Lusófona University of Humanities and Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal. Department of Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy, School of Health and Technology, Polytechnical Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (SFRH/BD/101083/2014), Lisbon, Portugal. Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University Institute of Maia (ISMAI), Maia, Portugal. Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise in Physiological and Pathological conditions (AME2P), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France. School of Exercise Science, Faculty of Health, Australian Catholic University, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory (GEPEMENE), State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil. School of Health and Technology, Polytechnical Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. CIDAF (UID/DTP/04213/2016), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. mjcesilva@hotmail.com. Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. mjcesilva@hotmail.com.

BMC pediatrics. 2018;(1):212
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Abstract

BACKGROUND Exploring the osteogenic effect of different bone-loading sports is particular relevant to understand the interaction between skeletal muscle and bone health during growth. This study aimed to compare total and regional bone and soft-tissue composition between female adolescent swimmers (n=20, 15.71±0.93 years) and volleyball players (n=26, 16.20±0.77 years). METHODS Dietary intake was obtained using food frequency questionnaires. Body size was given by stature, sitting height, and body mass. Six skinfolds were measured. Bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD), lean soft tissue, and fat tissue were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Pearson's product moment correlation coefficients were calculated to examine the relationships among variables, by type of sport. Comparisons between swimmers and volleyball players were performed using student t-tests for independent samples and multivariate analysis of covariance (controlling for age, training history and body size). RESULTS Swimmers (BMC: 2328±338 g) and volleyball players (BMC: 2656±470 g) exceeded respectively by 2.1 and 2.8 standard deviation scores the average of international standards for whole body BMC of healthy adolescents. Years of training in swimmers were positively related to the upper limbs BMC (r=+0.49, p<0.05). In volleyball players, years of training correlated significantly with lower limbs BMD (r=+0.43, p<0.05). After adjustments for potential confounders, moderate differences (ES-r=0.32) between swimmers and volleyball players were noted in BMD at the lower limbs (volleyball players: +0.098 g∙cm-2, +7.8%). CONCLUSIONS Youth female athletes who participate in high-intensity weight-loading activities such as volleyball exhibit moderately higher levels of BMD at the lower limbs compared to non-loading sports such as swimming.

Methodological quality

Publication Type : Comparative Study ; Observational Study

Metadata

MeSH terms : Swimming ; Volleyball