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Preconditioning of Human Decidua Basalis Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells with Glucose Increased Their Engraftment and Anti-diabetic Properties.

Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Mail Code 1515, P.O. Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. basmaeily@NGHA.MED.SA. Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Mail Code 1515, P.O. Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. National Center for Stem Cell Technology, Life Sciences and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O Box 6086, Riyadh, 11442, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Experimental Medicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center MNG-HA, Ali Al Arini, Ar Rimayah, Riyadh, 11481, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 14186, Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Pregnancy Research Centre and University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, 20 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. Department of Forensic Biology, College of Forensic Sciences, Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Khurais Rd, Ar Rimayah, Riyadh, 14812, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Mail Code 3124, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh, 11481, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 2020;(2):209-222
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Abstract

BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) from the decidua basalis (DBMSCs) of the human placenta have important functions that make them potential candidates for cellular therapy. Previously, we showed that DBMSC functions do not change significantly in a high oxidative stress environment, which was induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and immune cells. Here, we studied the consequences of glucose, another oxidative stress inducer, on the phenotypic and functional changes in DBMSCs. METHODS DBMSCs were exposed to a high level of glucose, and its effect on DBMSC phenotypic and functional properties was determined. DBMSC expression of oxidative stress and immune molecules after exposure to glucose were also identified. RESULTS Conditioning of DBMSCs with glucose improved their adhesion and invasion. Glucose also increased DBMSC expression of genes with survival, proliferation, migration, invasion, anti-inflammatory, anti-chemoattractant and antimicrobial properties. In addition, DBMSC expression of B7H4, an inhibitor of T cell proliferation was also enhanced by glucose. Interestingly, glucose modulated DBMSC expression of genes involved in insulin secretion and prevention of diabetes. CONCLUSION These data show the potentially beneficial effects of glucose on DBMSC functions. Preconditioning of DBMSCs with glucose may therefore be a rational strategy for increasing their therapeutic potential by enhancing their engraftment efficiency. In addition, glucose may program DBMSCs into insulin producing cells with ability to counteract inflammation and infection associated with diabetes. However, future in vitro and in vivo studies are essential to investigate the findings of this study further.