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Associations of accelerometer-determined physical activity and sedentary behavior with sarcopenia and incident falls over 12 months in community-dwelling Swedish older adults.

Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; Department of Medicine and Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science, Melbourne Medical School-Western Campus, the University of Melbourne, St Albans, VIC 3021, Australia. Electronic address: david.scott@monash.edu. Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden; Department of Community Medicine, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø 9010, Norway. Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia. Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden. Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden; School of Sport Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø 9010, Norway.

Journal of sport and health science. 2021;(5):577-584
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Abstract

PURPOSE This study was aimed to determine associations of accelerometer-determined time and bouts of sedentary behavior, light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) with sarcopenia and incident falls over 12 months. METHODS A total of 3334 Swedish 70-year-olds were assessed for sarcopenia, as defined by the revised definition of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Assessments were based on low scores for appendicular lean mass (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), hand grip strength, and the Timed Up and Go test. For 7 days after baseline, total time and total number of bouts (≥10 min of continuous activity at a given intensity) of activity performed at sedentary, LPA, and MVPA intensities were assessed by accelerometer. Incident falls were self-reported 6 months and 12 months after baseline. RESULTS Only 1.8% of participants had probable or confirmed sarcopenia. After multivariable adjustment for other levels of activity, only greater MVPA time was associated with a decreased likelihood of having low appendicular lean mass, low hand grip strength, and slow Timed Up and Go time as defined by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria (all p < 0.05), and only MVPA time was associated with lower likelihood of probable or confirmed sarcopenia (odds ratio = 0.80, 95% confidence interval: 0.71-0.91 h/week). Similar associations were identified for total number of bouts, with no evidence of threshold effects for longer duration of bouts of MVPA. A total of 14% of participants reported ≥1 fall, but neither total time nor bouts of activity was associated with incident falls (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Higher amounts of accelerometer-determined MVPA are consistently associated with a decreased likelihood of sarcopenia and its components, regardless of the length of bouts or amounts of sedentary behavior.

Methodological quality

Publication Type : Observational Study

Metadata

MeSH terms : Accidental Falls ; Sarcopenia