1.
Coffee Consumption and Cancer Risk: An Assessment of the Health Implications Based on Recent Knowledge.
Pauwels, EKJ, Volterrani, D
Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre. 2021;30(5):401-411
-
-
-
Free full text
Plain language summary
Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages worldwide. Coffee is a good source of polyphenolic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds such as caffeine, cafestol, kahweol, and chlorogenic acids. This review included one hundred and five cohort studies and meta-analyses to evaluate the relationship between coffee consumption and cancer of the breast, liver, oesophagus, stomach, pancreas, colorectum, kidney, bladder, prostate, and ovaries. The results of this review found an inverse association between coffee consumption and reduced risk of hepatocellular cancer. A slight risk reduction is observed against breast cancer in postmenopausal women. This review found no considerable association between coffee consumption and decreased cancer risk in other organs. Further robust studies are required to investigate the benefits of coffee consumption on cancer risk reduction due to the high heterogeneity of included studies. However, healthcare professionals can use the results of this study to understand the benefits of coffee consumption.
Abstract
A significant number of studies suggest that coffee consumption reduces cancer risk. This beneficial effect is usually ascribed to the presence of polyphenolic antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents, including caffeine, cafestol, kahweol, and chlorogenic acids. To summarize recent literature on this subject, we performed a bibliographic search in PubMed and Embase over the period January 2005 to December 2020 to identify cohort studies and meta-analysis (with data collection ensuring quality of selected reports) that could provide quantitative data on the relationship between coffee consumption and common cancers. The totality of eligible scientific articles supports the evidence that coffee intake is inversely associated with risk of hepatocellular cancer and, to a slight extent, risk of breast cancer among postmenopausal women. As to the association with other organs, including the esophagus, pancreas, colorectum, kidneys, bladder, ovaries, and prostate, the results are less clear as reports reveal conflicting results or statistically nonsignificant data. Therefore, this overview does not provide broad-based conclusions. Important uncertainties include general study design, inhomogeneous patient sampling, different statistical analysis (deliberate), misreporting of socioeconomic status, education, coffee-brewing methods, consumption of caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee, smoking habits, and alcohol intake. Clearly, more epidemiologic research needs to be conducted before solid science-based recommendations can be made with regard to coffee consumption.
2.
Coffee Consumption and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.
Sartini, M, Bragazzi, NL, Spagnolo, AM, Schinca, E, Ottria, G, Dupont, C, Cristina, ML
Nutrients. 2019;11(3)
-
-
-
Free full text
Plain language summary
Coffee is the second most widely consumed drink worldwide, after water. It contains many active compounds that affect the health and functioning of the digestive tract. Previous population studies on the relationship between coffee consumption and cancer prevention have had mixed results. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to provide an up to date summary of the relationship between coffee consumption and the risk of colorectal cancer. The authors looked at 26 prospective studies. When results from the 26 studies were pooled, no significant relationship between coffee consumption and colorectal cancer was found. The researchers then looked at the results by ethnicity and found a protective effect for coffee on colorectal cancer in people from the US. For colon cancer, coffee was protective in men and women combined and in men alone, regardless of ethnicity. When the results were separated according to ethnicity, a significant protective effect was noted in European men and in Asian women. There was no association between coffee consumption and rectal cancer. Decaffeinated coffee demonstrated a protective effect against colorectal cancer in both men and women. The authors concluded that ethnicity could explain the mixed results of previous studies. Further research is needed into the relationship between a person’s genetic make-up and the risk of colorectal cancer associated with coffee.
Abstract
Coffee is a blend of compounds related to gastrointestinal physiology. Given its popularity and the epidemiology of colorectal cancer, the impact of this beverage on public health could be considerable. Our aim was to provide an updated synthesis of the relationship between coffee consumption and the risk of colorectal cancer. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 26 prospective studies. Regarding colorectal cancer, no significant relationship was detected. Stratifying for ethnicity, a protective effect emerged in US subjects. Concerning colon cancer, coffee proved to exert a protective effect in men and women combined and in men alone. Stratifying for ethnicity, a significant protective effect was noted in European men only and in Asian women only. Concerning rectal cancer, no association was found. Decaffeinated coffee exhibited a protective effect against colorectal cancer in men and women combined. Studies were appraised for their quality by means of the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale for Cohort studies. Only one study proved to be of low quality. Ethnicity could explain the heterogeneity of the studies. However, little is known about the relationship between the genetic make-up and the risk of colorectal cancer associated with coffee. Further research is warranted.