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A novel three-dimensional template combined with MR-guided 125I brachytherapy for recurrent glioblastoma.
He, X, Liu, M, Zhang, M, Sequeiros, RB, Xu, Y, Wang, L, Liu, C, Wang, Q, Zhang, K, Li, C
Radiation oncology (London, England). 2020;(1):146
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present, the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma is extremely challenging. In this study, we used a novel three-dimensional non-coplanar template (3DNPT) combined with open MR to guide 125I seed implantation for recurrent glioblastoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, accuracy, and effectiveness of this technique. METHODS Twenty-four patients of recurrent glioblastoma underwent 3DNPT with open MR-guided 125I brachytherapy from August 2017 to January 2019. Preoperative treatment plan and 3DNPT were made according to enhanced isovoxel T1-weighted MR images. 125I seeds were implanted using 3DNPT and 1.0-T open MR imaging guidance. Dosimetry verification was performed after brachytherapy based on postoperative CT/MR fusion images. Preoperative and postoperative dosimetry parameters of D90, V100, V200, conformity index (CI), external index (EI) were compared. The objective response rate (ORR) at 6 months and 1-year survival rate were calculated. Median overall survival (OS) measured from the date of brachytherapy was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS There were no significant differences between preoperative and postoperative dosimetry parameters of D90, V100, V200, CI, EI (P > 0.05). The ORR at 6 months was 75.0%. The 1-year survival rate was 58.3%. Median OS was 12.9 months. One case of small amount of epidural hemorrhage occurred during the procedure. There were 3 cases of symptomatic brain edema after brachytherapy treatment, including grade three toxicity in 1 case and grade two toxicity in 2 cases. The three patients were treated with corticosteroid for 2 to 4 weeks. The clinical symptoms related to brain edema were significantly alleviated thereafter. CONCLUSIONS 3DNPT combined with open MR-guided 125I brachytherapy for circumscribed recurrent glioblastoma is feasible, effective, and with low risk of complications. Postoperative dosimetry matched the preoperative treatment plan. The described method can be used as a novel implantation technique for 125I brachytherapy in the treatment of recurrent gliomas. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University (NSFC:NO.2017-058), registered 1st July 2017.
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125I brachytherapy in the palliation of painful bone metastases from lung cancer after failure or rejection of conventional treatments.
Xiang, Z, Mo, Z, Li, G, Gilani, S, Zhong, Z, Zhang, T, Zhang, F, Gao, F
Oncotarget. 2016;(14):18384-93
Abstract
PURPOSE This study sought to assess the safety and effect of 125I seed implantation for palliation of painful bone metastases from lung cancer after failure or rejection of conventional treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS 89 patients with painful bone metastases secondary to lung cancer were consented and enrolled in this study from June 2013 to May 2015. All patients had failed or refused conventional treatments underwent percutaneous CT-guided 125I seed implantation. The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) was used to measure pain intensity prior to treatment (T0), 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 weeks (T2, T4, T6, T8 and T12) after treatment in a 24-hour period. Analgesic, quality of life (QOL) scores and complications were also recorded. Four patients were excluded as they were lost to follow-up or had incomplete data. RESULTS 85 patients with 126 bone metastases from lung cancer were treated. There were significantly lower scores after treatment in the visual analog scale (VAS) and analgesic. The VAS scores for worst pain was 6.3±1.8 at T0. At T2, T4, T6, T8 and T12, the score in a 24-hour period decreased to 4.9±1.2 (P<0.01), 3.7±1.3 (P<0.01), 3.4±1.2 (P<0.01), 2.6±0.9 (P<0.01), and 1.4±0.8 (P<0.01) respectively. Comparison of QOL scores showed improvements including sleep, appetite, spiritual state, and fatigue at T2, T4, T6, T8 and T12 when compared to T0. No serious complications or massive bleeding were observed. CONCLUSIONS 125I brachytherapy is a safe and effective method for palliation of painful bone metastases from lung cancer after failure or rejection of conventional treatments.
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Comparative study of self-expanding metal stent and intraluminal radioactive stent for inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Tian, D, Wen, H, Fu, M
World journal of surgical oncology. 2016;(1):18
Abstract
BACKGROUND We compared the effectiveness of self-expanding metal stent alone vs. radioactive stent embedded with 125I seeds implantation insertion in patients of inoperable esophageal squamous cell cancer combined with malignant esophageal stenosis. METHODS We studied two groups of patients with stenosis attribute to inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Group A had placed self-expanding metal stent alone insertion; group B encountered radioactive stent embedded with 125I seeds. Patients were followed up by monthly home visits or telephone interview. Survival time was analyzed with Kaplan-Meier analysis. Log rank test was used to analyze factors of survival time for all significant differences. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the two groups of all baseline characteristics. There was no statistical difference in complications including massive hematemesis, pain more than 1 month, stent migration, and restenosis. Survival time and causes of death such as tumor metastasis, massive hemorrhage, non-tumor-related factors, and restenosis were comparable between the two groups (P>0.05). The medical costs were significantly less in group A than those in group B (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Radioactive stent embedded with (125)I seeds was not significant in improving survival rate, but showed to increase hospitalization costs compared to self-expandable metal stent alone in treating inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma stricture.
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Seed migration after transperineal interstitial prostate brachytherapy by using loose seeds: Japanese prostate cancer outcome study of permanent iodine-125 seed implantation (J-POPS) multi-institutional cohort study.
Nakano, M, Yorozu, A, Saito, S, Sugawara, A, Maruo, S, Kojima, S, Kikuchi, T, Fukushima, M, Dokiya, T, Yamanaka, H
Radiation oncology (London, England). 2015;:228
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence and associated factors of loose seed migration were investigated in cohort 1 of the Japanese Prostate Cancer Outcome Study of Permanent Iodine-125 Seed Implantation (J-POPS). METHODS The study subjects were 2160 patients, consisting of 1641 patients who underwent permanent iodine-125 seed implantation (PI) and 519 patients who underwent PI combined with external beam radiation therapy (PI + EBRT). The presence or absence of seed migration to the chest and abdominal/pelvic region was determined. RESULTS Seed migration was observed in 22.7 % of PI group patients and 18.1 % of PI + EBRT group patients (p = 0.0276). Migration to the lungs and abdominal/pelvic region was observed in 14.6 % and 11.1 % of the patients in the PI group, and 11.2 % and 8.5 % of the patients in the PI + EBRT group, respectively. In the PI group, the number of implanted seeds was associated with the seed migration incidence. Neither the PI nor the PI + EBRT group showed any difference in the volume of the prostate receiving 100 % of the prescribed dose (V100 [%]) or the minimal dose received by 90 % of the prostate volume (D90 [Gy]) between the patients with and without seed migration. CONCLUSIONS This prospective cohort study investigating the largest number of past cases showed no difference in D90 (Gy) or V100 (%) between seed migration or the absence thereof in both the PI group and PI + EBRT group. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00534196.
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Phase I/II study of resection and intraoperative cesium-131 radioisotope brachytherapy in patients with newly diagnosed brain metastases.
Wernicke, AG, Yondorf, MZ, Peng, L, Trichter, S, Nedialkova, L, Sabbas, A, Kulidzhanov, F, Parashar, B, Nori, D, Clifford Chao, KS, et al
Journal of neurosurgery. 2014;(2):338-48
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Abstract
OBJECT Resected brain metastases have a high rate of local recurrence without adjuvant therapy. Adjuvant whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) remains the standard of care with a local control rate > 90%. However, WBRT is delivered over 10-15 days, which can delay other therapy and is associated with acute and long-term toxicities. Permanent cesium-131 ((131)Cs) implants can be used at the time of metastatic resection, thereby avoiding the need for any additional therapy. The authors evaluated the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of a novel therapeutic approach with permanent (131)Cs brachytherapy at the resection for brain metastases. METHODS After institutional review board approval was obtained, 24 patients with a newly diagnosed metastasis to the brain were accrued to a prospective protocol between 2010 and 2012. There were 10 frontal, 7 parietal, 4 cerebellar, 2 occipital, and 1 temporal metastases. Histology included lung cancer (16), breast cancer (2), kidney cancer (2), melanoma (2), colon cancer (1), and cervical cancer (1). Stranded (131)Cs seeds were placed as permanent volume implants. The prescription dose was 80 Gy at a 5-mm depth from the resection cavity surface. Distant metastases were treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or WBRT, depending on the number of lesions. The primary end point was local (resection cavity) freedom from progression (FFP). Secondary end points included regional FFP, distant FFP, median survival, overall survival (OS), and toxicity. RESULTS The median follow-up was 19.3 months (range 12.89-29.57 months). The median age was 65 years (range 45-84 years). The median size of resected tumor was 2.7 cm (range 1.5-5.5 cm), and the median volume of resected tumor was 10.31 cm(3) (range 1.77-87.11 cm(3)). The median number of seeds used was 12 (range 4-35), with a median activity of 3.82 mCi per seed (range 3.31-4.83 mCi) and total activity of 46.91 mCi (range 15.31-130.70 mCi). Local FFP was 100%. There was 1 adjacent leptomeningeal recurrence, resulting in a 1-year regional FFP of 93.8% (95% CI 63.2%-99.1%). One-year distant FFP was 48.4% (95% CI 26.3%-67.4%). Median OS was 9.9 months (95% CI 4.8 months, upper limit not estimated) and 1-year OS was 50.0% (95% CI 29.1%-67.8%). Complications included CSF leak (1), seizure (1), and infection (1). There was no radiation necrosis. CONCLUSIONS The use of postresection permanent (131)Cs brachytherapy implants resulted in no local recurrences and no radiation necrosis. This treatment was safe, well tolerated, and convenient for patients, resulting in a short radiation treatment course, high response rate, and minimal toxicity. These findings merit further study with a multicenter trial.
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Radical treatment of stage IV pancreatic cancer by the combination of cryosurgery and iodine-125 seed implantation.
Chen, JB, Li, JL, He, LH, Liu, WQ, Yao, F, Zeng, JY, Zhang, Y, Xu, KQ, Niu, LZ, Zuo, JS, et al
World journal of gastroenterology. 2012;(47):7056-62
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the therapeutic effect of radical treatment and palliative treatment in stage IV pancreatic cancer patients. METHODS 81 patients were enrolled in the study. Radical treatment was performed on 51 patients, while 30 patients were put under palliative treatment. The procedural safety and interval survival for stage IV pancreatic cancer (IS-IV) was assessed by almost 2.5 years of follow-ups. The IS-IV of patients under the two kinds of treatment, and the effects of treatment timing and frequency on IS-IV, were compared. RESULTS The IS-IV of patients who received radical treatment was significantly longer than those who received palliative treatment (P < 0.001). The IS-IV of patients who received delayed radical or palliative treatment was longer than those who received accordingly timely treatment (P = 0.0034 and 0.0415, respectively). Multiple treatments can play an important role in improving the IS-IV of patients who received radical treatment (P = 0.0389), but not for those who received palliative treatment (P = 0.99). CONCLUSION The effect of radical treatment was significantly more obvious than that of palliative treatment, and multiple radical treatments may contribute more to patients than a single radical treatment.
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A digital model individual template and CT-guided 125I seed implants for malignant tumors of the head and neck.
Huang, MW, Liu, SM, Zheng, L, Shi, Y, Zhang, J, Li, YS, Yu, GY, Zhang, JG
Journal of radiation research. 2012;(6):973-7
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To enhance the accuracy of radioactive seed implants in the head and neck, a digital model individual template, containing information simultaneously on needle pathway and facial features, was designed to guide implantation with CT imaging. Thirty-one patients with recurrent and local advanced malignant tumors of head and neck after prior surgery and radiotherapy were involved in this study. Before (125)I implants, patients received CT scans based on 0.75mm thickness. And the brachytherapy treatment planning system (BTPS) software was used to make the implantation plan based on the CT images. Mimics software and Geomagic software were used to read the data containing CT images and implantation plan, and to design the individual template. Then the individual template containing the information of needle pathway and face features simultaneously was made through rapid prototyping (RP) technique. All patients received (125)I seeds interstitial implantation under the guide of the individual template and CT. The individual templates were positioned easily and accurately, and were stable. After implants, treatment quality evaluation was made by CT and TPS. The seeds and dosages distribution (D(90),V(100),V(150)) were well meet the treatment requirement. Clinical practice confirms that this approach can facilitate easier and more accurate implantation.
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Tri-Modality therapy with I-125 brachytherapy, external beam radiation therapy, and short- or long-term hormone therapy for high-risk localized prostate cancer (TRIP): study protocol for a phase III, multicenter, randomized, controlled trial.
Konaka, H, Egawa, S, Saito, S, Yorozu, A, Takahashi, H, Miyakoda, K, Fukushima, M, Dokiya, T, Yamanaka, H, Stone, NN, et al
BMC cancer. 2012;:110
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with high Gleason score, elevated prostate specific antigen (PSA) level, and advanced clinical stage are at increased risk for both local and systemic relapse. Recent data suggests higher radiation doses decrease local recurrence and may ultimately benefit biochemical, metastasis-free and disease-specific survival. No randomized data is available on the benefits of long-term hormonal therapy (HT) in these patients. A prospective study on the efficacy and safety of trimodality treatment consisting of HT, external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), and brachytherapy (BT) for high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) is strongly required. METHODS/DESIGN This is a phase III, multicenter, randomized controlled trial (RCT) of trimodality with BT, EBRT, and HT for high-risk PCa (TRIP) that will investigate the impact of adjuvant HT following BT using iodine-125 ((125)I-BT) and supplemental EBRT with neoadjuvant and concurrent HT. Prior to the end of September 2012, a total of 340 patients with high-risk PCa will be enrolled and randomized to one of two treatment arms. These patients will be recruited from more than 41 institutions, all of which have broad experience with (125)I-BT. Pathological slides will be centrally reviewed to confirm patient eligibility. The patients will commonly undergo 6-month HT with combined androgen blockade (CAB) before and during (125)I-BT and supplemental EBRT. Those randomly assigned to the long-term HT group will subsequently undergo 2 years of adjuvant HT with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist. All participants will be assessed at baseline and every 3 months for the first 30 months, then every 6 months until 84 months from the beginning of CAB.The primary endpoint is biochemical progression-free survival. Secondary endpoints are overall survival, clinical progression-free survival, disease-specific survival, salvage therapy non-adaptive interval, and adverse events. DISCUSSION To our knowledge, there have been no prospective studies documenting the efficacy and safety of trimodality therapy for high-risk PCa. The present RCT is expected to provide additional insight regarding the potency and limitations of the addition of 2 years of adjuvant HT to this trimodality approach, and to establish an appropriate treatment strategy for high-risk PCa. TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN000003992.
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Risk factors for rectal bleeding associated with I-125 brachytherapy for prostate cancer.
Harada, K, Ishikawa, H, Saito, Y, Nakamoto, S, Kawamura, H, Wakatsuki, M, Etsunaga, T, Takezawa, Y, Kobayashi, M, Nakano, T
Journal of radiation research. 2012;(6):923-9
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The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors for rectal bleeding after prostate brachytherapy. Between April 2005 and September 2009, 89 patients with T1c-2cN0M0 prostate cancer were treated with permanent I-125 seed implantation alone. The prostate prescription dose was 145 Gy, and the grade of rectal bleeding was scored according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0. Post-treatment planning was performed with fusion images of computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging 4-5 weeks after brachytherapy. Patient characteristics and dosimetric parameters were evaluated to determine risk factors for bleeding. The calculated parameters included the rectal volume in cubic centimeters that received >50-200% of the prescribed dose (RV50-200) and the minimal doses received by 1-30% of the rectal volume (RD1-30). The median follow-up time was 42 months (ranging 18-73 months). Grade 1 rectal bleeding occurred in 24 (27.0%) patients, but no Grade 2 or severe bleeding was observed. Usage of anticoagulants had a significant correlation with the occurrence of bleeding (P = 0.007). The RV100-150 and RD1-10 were significantly higher in patients with rectal bleeding than in those without bleeding. The RV100 was identified as a possible threshold value; the 3-year rectal bleeding rate in patients with an RV100 > 1.0 cm(3) was 36%, whereas that with an RV100 ≤ 1.0 cm(3) was 14% (P < 0.05). Although no Grade 2 morbidity developed in this study, the RV100 should be kept below 1.0 cm(3), especially in additional dose-escalated brachytherapy.
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Predicting the severity of acute urinary toxicity after brachytherapy with iodine-125 for localized prostate cancer.
Takeda, K, Jingu, K, Koto, M, Fujimoto, K, Narazaki, K, Kubozono, M, Saito, H, Yamada, S, Mitsuduka, K, Ishidoya, S, et al
The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine. 2011;(1):55-60
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the common cancers in the world. In Japan, prostate brachytherapy (PB) with iodine-125 has become a treatment option for localized prostate cancer since 2003. Nevertheless, severe acute urinary toxicity (AUT) remains as one of the intractable side effects. We assessed AUT and the changes in international prostate symptom score (IPSS) before and after PB for localized prostate cancer. IPSS is a questionnaire tool for tracking the subjective urinary symptoms. Between 2006 and 2009, 104 eligible patients underwent PB with iodine-125 were analyzed. AUT was graded with the radiation therapy oncology group (RTOG) scale. Eligible patients filled out IPSS questionnaires before and after PB. Clinical and treatment-related factors were examined for correlation with the severity of AUT and the interval to IPSS resolution. AUT of RTOG Grade 0 (no changes) and Grade 2 was detected in one and 96 patients, respectively, whereas seven patients (6.7%) experienced AUT of Grade 3. Thus, the incidence of severe AUT (Grade 3) after PB was low. A greater number of needles (p = 0.012) were associated with AUT of RTOG Grade 3 on the univariate analysis. The median interval to IPSS resolution was 6 months (7 ± 6 months). Greater post-implant maximal IPSS (p < 0.001) was associated with slower IPSS resolution, whereas higher pre-implant IPSS (p < 0.001) was associated with faster IPSS resolution on the multivariate analysis. In conclusion, reducing the number of needles in PB may be helpful for decreasing the rate of severe AUT.