1.
Metabolomics Signatures in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Integrative Analysis.
Sun, Y, Gao, HY, Fan, ZY, He, Y, Yan, YX
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. 2020;(4)
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Metabolic signatures have emerged as valuable signaling molecules in the biochemical process of type 2 diabetes (T2D). To summarize and identify metabolic biomarkers in T2D, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the associations between metabolites and T2D using high-throughput metabolomics techniques. METHODS We searched relevant studies from MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library as well as Chinese databases (Wanfang, Vip, and CNKI) inception through 31 December 2018. Meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 14.0 under random effect. Besides, bioinformatic analysis was performed to explore molecule mechanism by MetaboAnalyst and R 3.5.2. RESULTS Finally, 46 articles were included in this review on metabolites involved amino acids, acylcarnitines, lipids, carbohydrates, organic acids, and others. Results of meta-analysis in prospective studies indicated that isoleucine, leucine, valine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, glutamate, alanine, valerylcarnitine (C5), palmitoylcarnitine (C16), palmitic acid, and linoleic acid were associated with higher T2D risk. Conversely, serine, glutamine, and lysophosphatidylcholine C18:2 decreased risk of T2D. Arginine and glycine increased risk of T2D in the Western countries subgroup, and betaine was negatively correlated with T2D in nested case-control subgroup. In addition, slight improvements in T2D prediction beyond traditional risk factors were observed when adding these metabolites in predictive analysis. Pathway analysis identified 17 metabolic pathways may alter in the process of T2D and metabolite-related genes were also enriched in functions and pathways associated with T2D. CONCLUSIONS Several metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with T2D have been identified, which provide valuable biomarkers and novel targets for prevention and drug therapy.
2.
Translating vitamin D transcriptomics to clinical evidence: Analysis of data in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, followed by clinical data meta-analysis.
Malliaraki, N, Lakiotaki, K, Vamvoukaki, R, Notas, G, Tsamardinos, I, Kampa, M, Castanas, E
The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology. 2020;:105505
Abstract
Vitamin D (VitD) continues to trigger intense scientific controversy, regarding both its bi ological targets and its supplementation doses and regimens. In an effort to resolve this dispute, we mapped VitD transcriptome-wide events in humans, in order to unveil shared patterns or mechanisms with diverse pathologies/tissue profiles and reveal causal effects between VitD actions and specific human diseases, using a recently developed bioinformatics methodology. Using the similarities in analyzed transcriptome data (c-SKL method), we validated our methodology with osteoporosis as an example and further analyzed two other strong hits, specifically chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. The latter revealed no impact of VitD on known molecular pathways. In accordance to this finding, review and meta-analysis of published data, based on an objective measure (Forced Expiratory Volume at one second, FEV1%) did not further reveal any significant effect of VitD on the objective amelioration of either condition. This study may, therefore, be regarded as the first one to explore, in an objective, unbiased and unsupervised manner, the impact of VitD levels and/or interventions in a number of human pathologies.
3.
Molecular mechanism and role of microRNA-93 in human cancers: A study based on bioinformatics analysis, meta-analysis, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction validation.
Gao, Y, Deng, K, Liu, X, Dai, M, Chen, X, Chen, J, Chen, J, Huang, Y, Dai, S, Chen, J
Journal of cellular biochemistry. 2019;(4):6370-6383
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Currently, studies have shown that microRNA-93 (miR-93) can be an oncogene or a tumor suppressor in different kinds of cancers. The role of miR-93 in human cancers is inconsistent and the underlying mechanism on the aberrant expression of miR-93 is complicated. METHODS We first conducted gene enrichment analysis to give insight into the prospective mechanism of miR-93. Second, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the clinical value of miR-93. Finally, a validation test based on quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed to further investigate the role of miR-93 in pan-cancer. RESULTS Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis results showed that the target genes of miR-93 were closely related to transcription, and MAPK1, RBBP7 and Smad7 became the hub genes. In the diagnostic meta-analysis, the overall sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve were 0.76 (0.64-0.85), 0.82 (0.64-0.92), and 0.85 (0.82-0.88), respectively, which suggested that miR-93 had excellent performance on the diagnosis for human cancers. In the prognostic meta-analysis, dysregulated miR-93 was found to be associated with poor OS in cancer patients. In the qPCR validation test, the serum levels of miR-93 were upregulated in breast cancer, breast hyperplasia, lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, nasopharyngeal cancer, hepatocellular cancer, gastric ulcer, endometrial cancer, esophageal cancer, laryngeal cancer, and prostate cancer compared with healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS miR-93 could act as an effective diagnostic and prognostic factor for cancer patients. Its clinical value for cancer early diagnosis and survival prediction is promising.