1.
It Is High Time for Personalized Dietary Counseling in Celiac Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Body Composition.
Vereczkei, Z, Farkas, N, Hegyi, P, Imrei, M, Földi, M, Szakács, Z, Kiss, S, Solymár, M, Nagy, R, Bajor, J
Nutrients. 2021;(9)
Abstract
The body composition of patients with celiac disease (CD), on which the effects of a gluten-free diet (GFD) are controversial, differs from that of the average population. In this study, we aimed to compare the body composition across CD patients before a GFD, CD patients after a one-year GFD and non-celiac control subjects. A systematic search was conducted using five electronic databases up to 15 July 2021 for studies that reported at least one of the pre-specified outcomes. In meta-analyses, weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. A total of 25 studies were eligible for systematic review, seven of which were included in meta-analysis. During a ≥1-year GFD, fat mass of CD patients, compared to that at baseline, significantly increased (WMD = 4.1 kg, 95% CI = 1.5 to 6.6, three studies). In CD patients after a ≥1-year GFD, compared to non-celiac controls, fat mass (WMD = -5.8 kg, 95% CI = -8.7 to -2.9, three studies) and fat-free mass (WMD = -1.9 kg, 95% CI = -3.0 to -0.7, three studies) were significantly lower. In conclusion, body composition-related parameters of CD patients differ from that of the non-celiac control subjects even after a longstanding GFD.
2.
Motivational Interviewing and Fat Consumption in Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis.
Stallings, DT, Kraenzle Schneider, J
Journal of gerontological nursing. 2018;(11):33-43
Abstract
Diets high in fat increase the risks for obesity and chronic diseases, even for older adults, the largest growing population in the United States. In the current study, a meta-analysis was performed to examine the effects of motivational interviewing (MI) dietary interventions on fat consumption in older adults. Electronic databases, journals, and unpublished literature were searched. Six primary studies were retrieved, providing seven comparisons between intervention and control groups and a total of 1,351 participants. MI had a moderate effect on fat intake in older adults (effect size = 0.354, p < 0.01). Studies with indicators of higher design quality showed greater MI effects. Nurses and providers can incorporate MI into health education and counseling to improve older adults' dietary health behaviors. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 44(11), 33-43.].