-
1.
Effect of silver diamine fluoride solution application on the bond strength of dentine to adhesives and to glass ionomer cements: a systematic review.
Jiang, M, Mei, ML, Wong, MCM, Chu, CH, Lo, ECM
BMC oral health. 2020;(1):40
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution gains increasing popularity in arresting dentine caries in clinical practice. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the findings from laboratory studies on the influence of SDF application on the bond strength of dentine to various adhesives and to glass ionomer cements (GICs). METHODS Two independent reviewers conducted a literature search in the databases Medline, Ovid, PubMed and Web of Science until 15th August 2019 using the search keywords ['bond strength'] AND ['silver diamine fluoride' OR 'silver diammine fluoride' OR 'SDF' OR 'silver fluoride' OR 'diamine silver fluoride']. Articles investigating the effect of SDF application on the bond strength of dentine to various adhesives and to GICs were included in this review. Information on how SDF application influenced the bond strength was extracted from the included articles. Besides, related information, e.g. test method of bond strength, concentration and brand of SDF, type of adhesive system and GIC, testing dental substrate, protocol of specimen preparation, and failure mode was also reviewed. RESULTS A total of 13 articles were included in this review, with 8 and 6 studies investigating the effect of SDF application on the bond strength of dentine to various adhesives and to GICs, respectively. Sound dentine as well as demineralized dentine created by chemical methods, e.g. immersing in a demineralizing solution, was commonly adopted as the testing dental substrate. The microtensile bond strength (mTBS) test was the predominant method employed. However, the bond strength values had large variations among studies, ranging from <10 to 162 Mpa. Regarding the bond strength to different adhesives, 4 studies indicated that SDF application followed by rinsing with water had no significant influence. However, another 4 studies reported reduced bond strength after SDF application. Regarding the bond strength to GICs, 4 studies concluded that SDF application had no adverse impact on the bond strength. CONCLUSIONS No solid conclusion can be drawn on the effect of SDF application on the bond strength of dentine to adhesives and to GICs due to the high degree of variation of the included studies.
-
2.
Effect of Cavity Disinfectants on Dentin Bond Strength and Clinical Success of Composite Restorations-A Systematic Review of In Vitro, In Situ and Clinical Studies.
Coelho, A, Amaro, I, Rascão, B, Marcelino, I, Paula, A, Saraiva, J, Spagnuolo, G, Marques Ferreira, M, Miguel Marto, C, Carrilho, E
International journal of molecular sciences. 2020;(1)
Abstract
Cavity disinfection becomes an important step before a dental restorative procedure. The disinfection can be obtained cleaning the dental cavity with antimicrobial agents before the use of adhesive systems. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review on the effect of different cavity disinfectants on restorations' adhesion and clinical success. A search was carried out through the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science. In vitro and in situ studies reporting results on dentin bond strength tests, and clinical studies published until August 2020, in English, Spanish and Portuguese were included. The methodological quality assessment of the clinical studies was carried out using the Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Chlorhexidine could preserve adhesion to dentin. EDTA and ethanol had positive results that should be further confirmed. Given the significant lack of scientific evidence, the use of lasers, fluoridated agents, sodium hypochlorite, or other products as cavity disinfectants should be avoided. Chlorhexidine is a safe option for cavity disinfection with adequate preservation of adhesion to dentin. Moreover, future researches should be focused on the efficacy of these disinfectants against cariogenic bacteria and their best application methods.
-
3.
Push-out bond strength of calcium-silicate cements following Er:YAG and diode laser irradiation of root dentin.
Mohammadian, F, Soufi, S, Dibaji, F, Sarraf, P, Chiniforush, N, Kharrazifard, MJ
Lasers in medical science. 2019;(1):201-207
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the effects of diode and Er:YAG laser irradiation of root dentin on push-out bond strength of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cements. An in vitro experimental study was conducted on 90 dentin discs, cut out of freshly extracted human teeth. The discs were instrumented to obtain 1.3-mm lumen diameter. Then, they were randomly divided into six groups (n = 15). Groups 1 and 4 subjected to diode laser (Wiser, Doctor Smile, Italy) (980 nm, 1 W, continuous mode) for 10 s and filled with MTA and CEM cements. Groups 2 and 5 subjected to Er:YAG laser (Deka, Italy) (2940 nm, 1 W, 10 Hz, 230 μs) for 10 s and filled with MTA and CEM cements. Groups 3 and 6 (control groups) were filled with MTA and CEM cements without laser irradiation. After 7 days, push-out bond strength test was performed using a universal testing machine in order to evaluate the adhesion of the biomaterials to dentin. The samples were evaluated under a light microscope at × 40 magnification to determine the mode of fracture. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. The highest push-out bond strength (8.76 ± 3.62 MPa) was noted in group 1 (diode/MTA), which was significantly higher than the other groups (P < 0.001). The lowest bond strength (2.61 ± 0.81) was noted in group 6 (control/CEM). Diode laser significantly increased the bond strength of both cements (P < 0.05), but Er:YAG laser irradiation only increased the bond strength of CEM and had no significant effect on MTA (P = 0.603). The bond strength of MTA control group was higher than that of CEM control group (P = 0.001). Push-out bond strength of endodontic cements can be affected by dentin conditioning with diode 980 nm and Er:YAG laser. Nine hundred eighty-nanometer diode laser irradiation is recommended to increase the bond strength of endodontic cements particularly the CEM cement to dentin.
-
4.
The recovery effect of proanthocyanidin on microtensile bond strength to sodium hypochlorite-treated dentine.
Wang, Y, Chen, C, Zang, HL, Liang, YH
International endodontic journal. 2019;(3):371-376
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the recovery effect of proanthocyanidin (PA) on microtensile bond strength (μTBS) to sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)-treated dentine. METHODOLOGY Fifty-five freshly extracted third molars with intact dental crowns, no caries or restorations were sectioned to expose a sound middle layer of dentine and were randomly divided into 11 groups. In the blank control group, dentine surfaces were immersed in deionized water for 20 min. In the negative control group, dental surfaces were immersed in 5.25% NaOCl for 20 min. In the other nine experimental groups, after immersion for 20 min in 5.25% NaOCl, followed by PA (5%, 10%, or 15%) treatment for 1, 5 min or 10 min. The NaOCl solution was renewed every 5 min. Then dentine surfaces were bonded using SE bond. Bonded samples were sectioned into dentine-resin sticks (n = 45) for microtensile bond strength testing (MPa). Failure modes were observed and classified into three types with a stereomicroscope. Microtensile bond strength data were analysed using one-way anova. The confidence interval test was performed to analyse the recovery effect of PA on bond strength to NaOCl-treated dentine. The chi-squared test was used to analyse failure mode distribution. RESULTS After use of 5.25% NaOCl for 20 min, microtensile bond strength in the negative control group decreased significantly compared with that of the untreated group (P < 0.05). After a recovery treatment of 10% PA for 10 min or 15% PA for more than 5 min, the bond strength was restored to at least 90% of baseline (P < 0.05). No recovery effect on bond strength was detected after the application of 5% PA for 1 min (P > 0.05). Adhesive fracture was found to be the most common failure mode in the NaOCl-treated group. After the recovery application of PA, the proportion of mixed failures increased significantly (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Microtensile bond strength to NaOCl-treated dentine recovered after the application of either 5% PA for more than 5 min or 10% or 15% PA for more than 1 min. The application of PA before an adhesive procedure may immediately restore the compromised bond strength of NaOCl-treated dentine.
-
5.
Quantitative/qualitative analysis of adhesive-dentin interface in the presence of 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate.
Zhou, J, Wurihan, , Shibata, Y, Tanaka, R, Zhang, Z, Zheng, K, Li, Q, Ikeda, S, Gao, P, Miyazaki, T
Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials. 2019;:71-78
Abstract
Dental adhesive provides effective retention of filling materials via adhesive-dentin hybridization. The use of co-monomers, such as 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP), is thought to be crucial for hybridization owing to their ionic-binding to calcium and co-polymerization in the polymerizable adhesives. Optimal hybridization partly depends on the mechanical properties of polymerized adhesives, which are likely to be proportional to the degree of conversion ratio. This study assessed the correlation between polymerization quality and mechanical properties at the adhesive-dentin interfaces in the presence or absence of 10-MDP. In situ Raman microspectroscopy and nanoindentation tests were used concurrently to quantify the degree of conversion ratio and dynamic mechanical properties across the adhesive-dentin interfaces. Despite the excellent diffusion and apparent higher degree of co-polymerization, 10-MDP reduced the elastic modulus of the interface. The higher viscoelastic properties of the adhesive are suggestive of poor polymerization, namely polymerization linearity related to the long carboxyl chain of 10-MDP. Such reduced mechanical integrity of hybridization could also be associated with the inhibition of nano-layering between 10-MDP and mineralized tissue in the presence of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). This potential drawback of HEMA necessitates further qualitative/quantitative characterization of adhesive-dentin hybridization using a HEMA-free/low concentration experimental 10-MDP monomer, which theoretically possesses superior chemical bonding potential to the current HEMA-rich protocol.
-
6.
Do ozonated water and boric acid affect the bond strength to dentin in different adhesive systems?
Akturk, E, Bektas, OO, Ozkanoglu, S, G Akin, EG
Nigerian journal of clinical practice. 2019;(12):1758-1764
Abstract
AIM: The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the effects of the application of three different cavity disinfecting agents to dentin on the micro-shear bond strength (μ-SBS) of one self-etch and two universal adhesive systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 120 caries-free human permanent molar teeth were used in this study. Mid-coronal dentin surfaces were revealed by cutting occlusal enamel and a standard smear layer was obtained by using 600-800-1200 grid silicon carbide abrasive papers. Specimens were randomly assigned to four groups according to the disinfectant used: Group 1: Control (no disinfectant); Group 2: 2% chlorhexidine based (Consepsis); Group 3: 10 ppm ozonated water (TeknO3zone); Group 4: 5% boric acid (Handmade). Each group was divided into three subgroups according to the type of adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond, OptiBond XTR, and Tokuyama Universal). Specimens were bonded using either Clearfil SE Bond, OptiBond XTR or Tokuyama Universal, which were employed according to the manufacturer's instructions. Resin composite microcylinders were bonded using Tygon® tubes for μ-SBS testing. After specimens were stored for 24 h, at 37°C in distilled water, μ-SBS test was measured with a universal test machine (LF Plus, Lloyd, Instrument). μ-SBS results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's tests. RESULTS When the mean microshear bond strength values of the control group were compared, the difference between the subgroups was not significant (P < 0.05). When the mean microshear bond strength values of the chx, ozonated water, and boric acid were compared, the difference between Clearfil SE Bond and Tokuyama Universal was significant (P < 0.05) and the difference between the other groups was not significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Ozonated water and boric acid may be as an alternative to other materials used as cavity disinfectants.
-
7.
Effect of the concentration of water in an MDP-based all-in-one adhesive on the efficacy of smear layer removal and on dentin bonding performance.
Teshima, M
Dental materials journal. 2018;(4):685-692
-
-
Free full text
-
Abstract
The effects of the water concentration in an experimental 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP)-based all-in-one (EX) adhesive were examined on the ability of MDP to remove the smear layer from the ground dentin surface and on the dentin bonding performance. Four types of EX adhesives were prepared by varying the amount of water (46.6, 93.2, 149.8 and 208.1 mg/g), but the MDP concentration was kept a constant at 49.9 mg/g. Scanning electron microscopy and bond strength measurements were performed on the dentin surface demineralized by each EX adhesive. Increased amount of water in the EX adhesive increased the ability of MDP to remove the smear layer. However, the solubilization of the smear layer into the EX adhesive decreased the dentin bond strength. The water concentration in the EX adhesive affected the efficacies of smear layer removal and dentin bonding performance more strongly than the pH value of the EX adhesive.
-
8.
Bacterial colonization in the apical part of extracted human teeth following root-end resection and filling: a confocal laser scanning microscopy study.
Tsesis, I, Elbahary, S, Venezia, NB, Rosen, E
Clinical oral investigations. 2018;(1):267-274
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate Enterococcus faecalis colonization at the apical part of root canals following root-end resection and filling using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). MATERIALS AND METHODS The apical 3-mm root-ends of 55 extracted single rooted human teeth were resected, and 3-mm retrograde cavities were prepared and filled using either mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), intermediate restorative material (IRM), or Biodentine (n = 10 each); 25 teeth served as controls. The roots were placed in an experimental model, sterilized, and coronally filled with E. faecalis bacterial suspension for 21 days. Then, the apical 3-mm segments were cut to get two slabs (coronal and apical). The slabs were stained using LIVE/DEAD BacLight Bacterial Viability Kit and evaluated using CLSM. RESULTS The fluorescence-stained areas were larger in the bucco-lingual directions compared with the mesio-distal directions (p < 0.05). The mean and maximal depths of bacterial colonization into the dentinal tubules were 755 and 1643 μm, respectively, with no differences between the root-end filling materials (p > 0.05). However, more live bacteria were found in the MTA group in comparison to IRM and Biodentine groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS CLSM can be used to histologically demonstrate bacterial root-end colonization following root-end filling. This colonization at the filling-dentine interfaces and deeper into the dentinal tubules may be inhomogeneous, favoring the bucco-lingual aspects of the root. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Following root-end resection and filling bacterial colonization may lead to inflammatory reactions at the periapical tissues; the viability of the colonized bacteria may be affected by the type of root-end filling material.
-
9.
A zinc-doped endodontic cement facilitates functional mineralization and stress dissipation at the dentin surface.
Toledano, M, Osorio, R, Pérez-Álvarez, MC, Osorio, E, Lynch, CD, Toledano-Osorio, M
Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal. 2018;(6):e646-e655
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate nanohardness and viscoelastic behavior of dentin surfaces treated with two canal sealer cements for dentin remineralization. MATERIAL AND METHODS Dentin surfaces were subjected to: i) 37% phosphoric acid (PA) or ii) 0.5 M ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) conditioning prior to the application of two experimental hydroxyapatite-based cements, containing sodium hydroxide (calcypatite) or zinc oxide (oxipatite), respectively. Samples were stored in simulated body fluid during 24 h or 21 d. The intertubular and peritubular dentin were evaluated using a nanoindenter to assess nanohardness (Hi). The load/displacement responses were used for the nano-dynamic mechanical analysis to estimate complex modulus (E*) and tan delta (δ). The modulus mapping was obtained by imposing a quasistatic force setpoint to which a sinusoidal force was superimposed. AFM imaging and FESEM analysis were performed. RESULTS After 21 d of storage, dentin surfaces treated with EDTA+calcypatite, PA+calcypatite and EDTA+oxipatite showed viscoelastic discrepancies between peritubular and intertubular dentin, meaning a risk for cracking and breakdown of the surface. At both 24 h and 21 d, tan δ values at intertubular dentin treated with the four treatments performed similar. At 21 d time point, intertubular dentin treated with PA+oxipatite achieved the highest complex modulus and nanohardness, i.e., highest resistance to deformation and functional mineralization, among groups. CONCLUSIONS Intertubular and peritubular dentin treated with PA+oxipatite showed similar values of tan δ after 21 d of storage. This produced a favorable dissipation of energy with minimal energy concentration, preserving the structural integrity at the dentin surface.
-
10.
Does the Orifice-directed Dentin Conservation Access Design Debride Pulp Chamber and Mesial Root Canal Systems of Mandibular Molars Similar to a Traditional Access Design?
Neelakantan, P, Khan, K, Hei Ng, GP, Yip, CY, Zhang, C, Pan Cheung, GS
Journal of endodontics. 2018;(2):274-279
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the increasing reports on mechanical aspects of contracted endodontic access cavities (CECs), we believe that the biological aspects (debridement) have not been adequately investigated. This study examined if 1 type of CEC (orifice-directed dentin conservation [DDC] access) was able to debride the pulp chamber, root canals, and isthmus of mesial roots of mandibular molars similar to a traditional endodontic access cavity (TEC). METHODS Mandibular molars (N = 32) were selected and divided randomly into 2 experimental groups (n = 12) after micro-computed tomographic scanning (group 1: TEC and group 2: DDC) and histologic controls (n = 8). After instrumentation to a size 30/0.06 taper using 3% sodium hypochlorite as irrigant, specimens were processed for histologic evaluation, and the remaining pulp tissue (RPT) was measured from the pulp chamber, root canal, and isthmus at all root thirds. Data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, and appropriate post hoc tests (P = .05). RESULTS The RPT in the pulp chamber was significantly higher in DDC compared with TEC (P < .05). Comparing the root thirds in each group, there was no significant difference in the RPT within the root canals or the isthmus (P > .05). The RPT within the root canals and isthmus was not significantly different between the 2 access cavity designs at any root third (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS Debridement of the pulp chamber was significantly compromised in DDC. The type of access cavity did not influence the amount of RPT in the root canals and isthmus.