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Utility of Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Patients with Visceral Leishmaniasis: Case Report and Literature Review.
Pinnegar, HP, Sánchez-Montalvá, A, Barios Profitos, M, Bosch-Nicolau, P, Salvador, F, Molina, I
The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene. 2021;(3):934-944
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Abstract
The diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is complicated and often unsuspected. Little is known of the usefulness of nuclear imaging in VL. Our objective was to describe findings seen in fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) in cases of VL. We retrospectively reviewed VL cases diagnosed at Vall d'Hebron University Hospital from May 2012 to May 2018 and selected those that had an FDG-PET/CT performed. Information on procedures and details of the FDG-PET/CT features and follow-up were collected. We then systematically reviewed the literature on VL and FDG-PET/CT. Four of 43 patients diagnosed with VL had an FDG-PET/CT performed. All four patients presented diffuse splenic uptake of FDG-PET/CT. Adenopathy was not always present, and bone marrow uptake was found in two patients. A posttreatment FDG-PET/CT in one patient revealed normalization of initial findings. In the literature review, 43 of 50 cases presented similar splenic uptake in the PET/CT, being described as different patterns: "increased metabolism," "homogeneous," "diffuse," "diffuse and multifocal," "nodular," "patchy and granular," "subcortical," and "compatible with lymphoma." Other frequent findings were bone marrow uptake and adenopathies. We, therefore, conclude that FDG-PET/CT could become a useful tool for the diagnosis and follow-up of VL and that VL should be taken into account in patients with fever of unknown origin with enhanced splenic uptake in FDG-PET/CT. Differential diagnosis in these cases should be made with splenic primary lymphoma, virus infections, chemotherapy, and colony-stimulating factor therapy. Further structured studies with more cases are needed to define its diagnostic and prognostic value.
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Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue with cardiac metastasis on 18F-FDG PET/CT: A case report and literature review.
Delabie, P, Evrard, D, Zouhry, I, Ou, P, Rouzet, F, Benali, K, Piekarski, E
Medicine. 2021;(15):e25529
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INTRODUCTION The most common malignancies metastasizing to the heart are cancers of the lung, breast, mesothelioma, melanoma, leukemia, and lymphoma. Cardiac metastasis from a tongue cancer is a rare finding and only a few cases have been reported previously in the literature. In this case report and literature review, we discuss the main clinical features of patients with cardiac metastases secondary to a tongue cancer and imaging modalities performed, especially the 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT). PATIENT CONCERNS This is a case of a 39-year-old woman who in April 2018 was diagnosed with an invasive well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the movable tongue. She underwent a left hemiglossectomy followed by a revision of hemiglossectomy and ipsilateral selective neck lymph nodes dissection levels II to III because of pathological margins. An early inoperable clinical recurrence was diagnosed and she received radiochemotherapy with good clinical and metabolic response. She remained asymptomatic thereafter. DIAGNOSIS In January 2020, a pre-scheduled 18F-FDG PET/CT showed a diffuse cardiac involvement. In February 2020, a biopsy of the lesion revealed a metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. INTERVENTIONS She was deemed to not be a cardiac surgical candidate and treated by palliative chemotherapy: taxol-carboplatin associated with cetuximab then cetuximab alone because of adverse effects. A re-evaluation imaging performed in April 2020 evidenced a progression of the cardiac involvement, which led to switch chemotherapy by immunotherapy with nivolumab. OUTCOMES This patient had a very poor prognosis and succumbed to major heart failure 4 months after the diagnosis of cardiac metastasis. CONCLUSION In this case report, 18F-FDG PET/CT proved to be useful in detecting cardiac metastasis and changed the therapeutic management of the patient. It suggests that patients with tongue malignancies in a context of poor initial prognosis should be followed-up early by 18F-FDG PET/CT with HFLC diet to facilitate detection of recurrence.
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Myocarditis in Giant Cell Arteritis Diagnosed With Fluorine 18-Labeled Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography: Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Simon, R, Perel-Winkler, A, Bokhari, S, Fazlollahi, L, Nickerson, K
Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases. 2020;(2):e37-e40
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Textitis as Seen on 18F-NaF Imaging Using an Ultra-High-Resolution Positron Emission Mammography Scanner.
Usmani, S, Rasheed, R, Al Kandari, F
Journal of nuclear medicine technology. 2020;(2):181-183
Abstract
Textitis is a new term used to refer to the degenerative-strain osteoarthritis that comes from excessive use of a smart phone. 18F-NaF is increasingly used in diagnosing skeletal pain that is not identified on radiographs. We report a case of a 26-y-old woman with left breast cancer referred for 18F-NaF PET/CT, who was complaining of right thumb and wrist pain. Findings were negative for bone secondaries. Dedicated hands views were acquired on a positron emission mammography scanner and showed focal uptake at the first carpometacarpal and second metacarpophalangeal joints. On the basis of the strong history, the findings were likely due to active arthritic changes caused by repetitive strain injury from excessive text messaging.
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The value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in patient with neurofibromatosis type 1: A case report and literature review.
Ren, J, Yang, G, Zhou, J, Fu, Z
Medicine. 2018;(20):e10648
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RATIONALE Neurofibromatosis type one (NF1) is characterized by cutaneous and nervous lesions, and the tendency to form plexiform neurofibromas (PNFs). PNFs may undergo malignant transformation into a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs). MPNSTs often carry an significant morbidity and mortality. PATIENT CONCERNS A 17-year-old man with gradually increased multiple subcutaneous soft lesions. He also presented with numerous lentigines and multiple café-au-lait macules on his body. DIAGNOSES These were collagen neurofibroma, which were definitively diagnosed by pathology. NF1 was eventually diagnosed. INTERVENTIONS These lesions were abnormal uptake of radiotracer, when he underwent positron emission tomography (PET) with fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) scanning. Standard uptake value (SUV) and other parameters can help to distinguish benign and malignant lesions in patient with NF1. He was underwent serials F-FDG PET/CT examinations to followed up, in order to monitor these lesions malignant transformation. OUTCOMES So far, these subcutaneous soft lesions were not malignant transformation. LESSONS F-FDG PET/CT is being increasingly used as an imaging modality to discover the systemic lesions and to discriminate between benign and malignant plexiform neurofibromas.
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Prognostic value of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in primary hepatic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: A case report and review of the literature.
Bao, C, Wei, J, Zhao, X, Lin, L, Chen, D, Liu, K, Qian, W, Anas, JM, Zhao, K
Medicine. 2018;(10):e9877
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INTRODUCTION Primary hepatic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is extremely rare and we herein report a case of a patient suffering from primary hepatic MALT lymphoma with concomitant hepatitis B virus infection. DIAGNOSTIC MODALITIES AND OUTCOME Double masses were found in a 59-year-old Chinese female patient. We reported the laboratory results, computed tomography (CT) and fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT images among other findings. As far as we know, only 9 cases have been reported till now using F-FDG PET/CT imaging. Our patient's lesions were found to conform to standard uptake values of FDG. CONCLUSION It indicates that hepatic MALT lymphoma can be studied with F-FDG PET/CT like other F-FDG-avid lymphomas. It was also noted that delayed-time-point FDG PET imaging may further improve the detection of the MALT lymphoma in liver. Although the patient in this case refused further treatment, potential management options, including rituximab, which is also discussed in this review.
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Atypical 18F-FDG PET-CT uptake in the head and neck; a case-based pictorial review.
Childs, L, Thompson, A, Jones, H, Hameeduddin, A, Ghufoor, K, Adams, A
Clinical imaging. 2018;:136-143
Abstract
Positron emission tomography - computed tomography (PET-CT) with fluorine-18-fluorodeoxy-d-glucose (18F-FDG) has an increasing role in head and neck imaging. Interpretation of 18F-FDG-tracer uptake in the head and neck requires an understanding of normal physiological patterns of tracer uptake, as well as knowledge of potential pitfalls and atypical patterns. This article presents a select series of unusual patterns of 18F-FDG uptake on PET-CT imaging of the head and neck.
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Osteoblastic bone metastases from neuroendocrine tumor (NET) of unknown origin detected by 18fluorocholine PET/CT and its comparison with 68gallium-DOTATOC PET/CT: Case report and review of the literature.
Bongiovanni, A, Recine, F, Celli, M, Marcantognini, G, Foca, F, Liverani, C, Fausti, V, De Vita, A, Miserocchi, G, Mercatali, L, et al
Medicine. 2017;(46):e8567
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RATIONALE Choline (CH) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) with fluorine 18 (F) CH is increasingly used not only to evaluate patients with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer but also to assess metastatic lesions that are difficult or impossible to identify using more conventional modalities. Our experience with CH PET/CT has shown that it can also be used for many other malignancies. PRESENTING CONCERNS A 71-year-old male with a neuroendocrine tumor (NET) of unknown origin showed osteoblastic bone metastases positive to F-CH PET. INTERVENTIONS Diffuse bone and liver metastases were gallium-DOTATOC PET-positive with only mild uptake on FDG PET/CT. An increased prostate specific antigen (8 μg/L) gave rise to a suspicion of concurrent prostate cancer and the patient underwent F-CH PET/CT which showed diffuse uptake in the bone. A CT-guided bone biopsy confirmed osteoblastic bone metastases from NET. OUTCOMES Given the aggressiveness of the tumor, the patient underwent treatment with temozolomide from July 2015 to December 2015, maintaining stable disease. However, progression was documented in January 2016 and the patient was enrolled onto a phase II peptide receptor radionuclide therapy retreatment trial, which is currently ongoing. MAIN LESSON Our study highlights that NETs should be taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis of osteoblastic bone metastases showing F-CH uptake. A prognostic role for this imaging technique can also be hypothesized.
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Staging and evaluation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy response with ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in NUT-midline carcinoma in a child: a case report and review of the literature.
Ciftci, E, Demirsoy, U, Anik, Y, Gorur, G, Corapcioglu, F, Demir, H
Revista espanola de medicina nuclear e imagen molecular. 2015;(1):53-5
Abstract
NUT midline carcinoma (NMC) is a newly defined and lethal cancer with aggressive course. It mostly affects children and young adults. Diagnosis is confirmed with the evidence of BRD4-NUT mutation on the chromosome 15q14 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Use of (18)F-FDG PET/CT in NMC patients is very limited in the literature. In this report, we describe a 7-year-old boy with the diagnosis of NMC who was scanned with (18)F-FDG PET/CT for staging and treatment response evaluation after the chemotherapy. It was disseminated and had moderate FDG avidity in the initial scan and showed progression after 4 cycles of chemotherapy. We also reviewed the literature related to (18)F-FDG PET/CT in staging and assessment of chemotherapy response of NMC.
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Bilateral primary renal lymphoma in a pediatric patient: staging and response evaluation with ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT.
Dhull, VS, Mukherjee, A, Karunanithi, S, Durgapal, P, Bal, C, Kumar, R
Revista espanola de medicina nuclear e imagen molecular. 2015;(1):49-52
Abstract
Primary renal lymphoma (PRL) is a rare disease. We here present the case of an 8-year-old child who presented with bilateral renal masses. On biopsy, it was confirmed to be B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) for staging demonstrated (18)F-FDG avid bilateral renal masses, with no other abnormal focus. Follow up (18)F-FDG PET/CT showed complete resolution of the disease after six cycles of chemotherapy. Here we have highlighted the potential role of (18)F-FDG PET/CT in staging and response evaluation of a patient with PRL and presented a brief review.