1.
Readiness for Dancing En Pointe.
Shah, S
Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America. 2021;(1):87-102
Abstract
Advancing to pointe requires sufficient maturity, strength, and flexibility and adequate ballet training to develop the skills which usually occurs between the ages 11 and 13. Health practitioners can provide studios with an objective assessment to determine if a young dancer is ready to transition to en pointe. The evaluator should be proficient in ballet, because the evaluation largely is dance based and includes a history and physical examination as well as a comprehensive assessment. The plan includes health improvement tips and summarizes technique flaws as well as exercises to improve these and other deficits. The goal is to transition dancers safely to pointe.
2.
Corollary Discharge and Oculomotor Proprioception: Cortical Mechanisms for Spatially Accurate Vision.
Sun, LD, Goldberg, ME
Annual review of vision science. 2016;:61-84
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Abstract
A classic problem in psychology is understanding how the brain creates a stable and accurate representation of space for perception and action despite a constantly moving eye. Two mechanisms have been proposed to solve this problem: Herman von Helmholtz's idea that the brain uses a corollary discharge of the motor command that moves the eye to adjust the visual representation, and Sir Charles Sherrington's idea that the brain measures eye position to calculate a spatial representation. Here, we discuss the cognitive, neuropsychological, and physiological mechanisms that support each of these ideas. We propose that both are correct: A rapid corollary discharge signal remaps the visual representation before an impending saccade, computing accurate movement vectors; and an oculomotor proprioceptive signal enables the brain to construct a more accurate craniotopic representation of space that develops slowly after the saccade.
3.
Sleep-related non-epileptic motor phenomena.
Provini, F, Vetrugno, R
Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology. 2005;:s176-80
Abstract
We describe the clinical, neurophysiological and polysomnographic characteristics of some involuntary motor nocturnal events occurring during sleep or at the transition from wakefulness to sleep.