-
1.
Cannabinoids in the Pathophysiology of Skin Inflammation.
Scheau, C, Badarau, IA, Mihai, LG, Scheau, AE, Costache, DO, Constantin, C, Calina, D, Caruntu, C, Costache, RS, Caruntu, A
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2020;(3)
Abstract
Cannabinoids are increasingly-used substances in the treatment of chronic pain, some neuropsychiatric disorders and more recently, skin disorders with an inflammatory component. However, various studies cite conflicting results concerning the cellular mechanisms involved, while others suggest that cannabinoids may even exert pro-inflammatory behaviors. This paper aims to detail and clarify the complex workings of cannabinoids in the molecular setting of the main dermatological inflammatory diseases, and their interactions with other substances with emerging applications in the treatment of these conditions. Also, the potential role of cannabinoids as antitumoral drugs is explored in relation to the inflammatory component of skin cancer. In vivo and in vitro studies that employed either phyto-, endo-, or synthetic cannabinoids were considered in this paper. Cannabinoids are regarded with growing interest as eligible drugs in the treatment of skin inflammatory conditions, with potential anticancer effects, and the readiness in monitoring of effects and the facility of topical application may contribute to the growing support of the use of these substances. Despite the promising early results, further controlled human studies are required to establish the definitive role of these products in the pathophysiology of skin inflammation and their usefulness in the clinical setting.
-
2.
Impact of Preoperative Acetaminophen and Carbohydrate Loading on Pain and Functional Status in Patients Undergoing Mohs Micrographic Surgery for Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers.
Aleisa, A, Naccarato, L, Gramz, M, Patel, J, Nguyen, B
Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.]. 2020;(7):863-867
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preoperative acetaminophen and carbohydrate loading has been shown to improve the functional recovery of surgical patients. OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of preoperative acetaminophen and carbohydrates on functional outcomes and the use of pain medications after surgery in patients undergoing Mohs Micrographic Surgery (MMS) for nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC). MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred patients treated with MMS for NMSC at an academic center were randomized into a control group receiving standard preoperative care or an intervention group receiving acetaminophen and carbohydrate drinks immediately before surgery. Patients rated levels of pain, thirst, hunger, anxiety, and fatigue on the day of surgery on a scale of 0 to 100, and reported through a phone interview the use of pain medications within 48 hours of surgery. RESULTS There was no significant difference between intervention and control groups in maximum pain score on the day of surgery; maximum pain score 48 hours after surgery; use of nonopioid pain medications; and use of opioids. However, the intervention group had lower anxiety levels during and at the end of surgery. CONCLUSION Patients undergoing MMS for NMSC reported very low levels of pain during and after surgery. Preoperative acetaminophen and carbohydrate loading had no impact on pain levels or the use of pain medications but did reduce levels of anxiety.
-
3.
i-Move, a personalised exercise intervention for patients with advanced melanoma receiving immunotherapy: a randomised feasibility trial protocol.
Hyatt, A, Gough, K, Murnane, A, Au-Yeung, G, Dawson, T, Pearson, E, Dhillon, H, Sandhu, S, Williams, N, Paton, E, et al
BMJ open. 2020;(2):e036059
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is increasing evidence demonstrating the benefits of exercise in counteracting cancer treatment-related fatigue. Immunotherapy is an established treatment for advanced melanoma, and is associated with fatigue in a third of patients. The safety and efficacy of exercise in counteracting treatment-related fatigue in patients with advanced melanoma receiving immunotherapy are yet to be determined. This study aims to assess the safety, adherence to and acceptability of a mixed-methods parallel-group, pilot randomised controlled trial of a personalised, 12-week semi-supervised exercise programme prescribed by an exercise physiologist (iMove) in 30 patients with stage IV melanoma scheduled to commence immunotherapy: single agent ipilimumab, nivolumab or pembrolizumab, or combination ipilimumab and nivolumab. The trial will be used to provide preliminary evidence of the potential efficacy of exercise for managing fatigue. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Thirty participants will be recruited from a specialist cancer centre between May and September, 2019. Participants will be randomised 1:1 to receive iMove, or usual care (an information booklet about exercise for people with cancer). Feasibility data comprise: eligibility; recruitment and retention rates; adherence to and acceptability of exercise consultations, personalised exercise programme and study measures; and exercise-related adverse events. Patient-reported outcome measures assess potential impact of the exercise intervention on: fatigue, role functioning, symptoms and quality of life. Follow-up will comprise five time points over 24 weeks. Physical assessments measure physical fitness and functioning. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study was reviewed and approved by the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC/48927/PMCC-2019). The findings from this trial will be disseminated via conference presentations and publications in peer-reviewed journals, and by engagement with clinicians, media, government and consumers. In particular, we will promote the outcomes of this work among the oncology community should this pilot indicate benefit for patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12619000952145; Pre-results.
-
4.
S-100B serum protein is elevated in children with medium-to-giant congenital melanocytic nevi: An exploratory case-control study.
Tomás-Velázquez, A, López-Gutiérrez, JC, Ceballos, C, Núñez-Córdoba, JM, Redondo, P
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2020;(1):222-224
-
5.
The association between nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and skin cancer: Different responses in American and European populations.
Ma, Y, Yu, P, Lin, S, Li, Q, Fang, Z, Huang, Z
Pharmacological research. 2020;:104499
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct a comprehensive systematic meta-analysis investigating the association of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and their subtypes with skin cancer (SC) and its subclasses (basal cell carcinoma BCC; squamous cell carcinoma SCC; melanoma; nonmelanoma skin cancer NMSC) in general, American and European populations. METHODS PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched up to 24 February 2019. Pooled effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals were used to estimate associations. RESULTS Results based on 26 original studies including 223,619 cases and 1,398,507 controls showed both NSAIDs and nonselective Cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors to be statistically significantly associated with a reduced risk of SC, BCC, SCC and NMSC but not with melanoma. Conversely, no association was observed between selective Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitors and SC or its subclasses. Further subgroup analysis showed that the results analyzed for American populations were almost the same as those for the general population. For European populations, neither NSAIDs nor its subtypes correlated significantly with susceptibility to SC or its subclasses. CONCLUSIONS The use of NSAIDs might reduce the risk of SC, but many factors including study population, drug subtype, and disease subclass affect the significance of the association.
-
6.
Prognostic implications of biopsy with tumor transection for patients with high-risk primary melanoma.
von Schuckmann, LA, Khosrotehrani, K, Hughes, MCB, van der Pols, JC, Malt, M, Smithers, BM, Green, AC
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2020;(6):1521-1524
-
7.
Considerations on 18FDG PET/CT and sentinel lymph node biopsy in AJCC stages I and II of melanoma.
Veronesi, G, Ravaioli, GM, Lambertini, M, Zannetti, G, Diodato, S, Gardini, A, Patrizi, A, Fanti, S, Dika, E
Giornale italiano di dermatologia e venereologia : organo ufficiale, Societa italiana di dermatologia e sifilografia. 2020;(6):784-786
-
8.
Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome with the complication of intussusception: A case report and literature review.
Hu, Z, Lin, X, Zhong, J, He, Q, Peng, Q, Xiao, J, Chen, B, Zhang, J
Medicine. 2020;(28):e21199
-
-
Free full text
-
Abstract
RATIONALE Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) is an extremely rare disorder characterized by multifocal venous malformations involving various organs such as the skin and gastrointestinal tract. Severe complications of BRBNS, such as intussusception, volvulus, and intestinal infarction are rarer and require surgery. This report describes a 33-year-old male of BRBNS complicated with intussusception that was successfully diagnosed and treated with surgery. PATIENT CONCERNS A 33-year-old Chinese man presented with persistent, colicky pain accompanied by nausea, abdominal distension, and dizziness. The patient presented with sporadic bluish nodules on his skin involving his head, neck, thorax, abdomen, and planta pedis. DIAGNOSES BRBNS with the complication of intussusception. INTERVENTIONS An emergency laparotomy was performed, and postoperative management included blood transfusions and oral iron supplementation for 2 weeks. OUTCOMES The patient's postoperative course of hospitalization was uneventful. During the 4-month follow-up, the patient showed no signs of intussusception recurrence. LESSONS Patients diagnosed with BRBNS who present with acute abdominal pain and distension should raise suspicion for the presence of intussusception, which requires emergent surgical intervention.
-
9.
Dietary Fat Intake and the Risk of Skin Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.
Ruan, L, Cheng, SP, Zhu, QX
Nutrition and cancer. 2020;(3):398-408
Abstract
We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between fat intake and the risk of three major types of skin cancer including basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM). A comprehensive search of PubMed and EMBASE was performed to identify all relevant observational studies published up to December 1, 2018. Specific odds ratio (OR) or relative risk (RR) estimates for the highest versus the lowest intake of dietary fat and 95% confidence intervals (CI) from the included studies were pooled using random effect model. Three prospective cohort studies (175,675 participants and 30,915 BCC cases, 4,106 SCC cases and 1,638 CMM cases) and nine case-control studies (328 BCC cases, 493 SCC cases, 1,547 CMM cases and 2,660 controls) were identified. The pooled results indicated that dietary consumption of total fat and saturated fat were not associated with three major types of skin cancer. High consumption of monounsaturated fat was significantly associated with a decreased risk of BCC (RR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.85-0.96) and high level of polyunsaturated fat intake was potentially positively associated with SCC (RR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.06-1.33). Our findings should be confirmed by further evidence from well-designed and large-scale prospective cohort studies.
-
10.
Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (pcALCL) in the Elderly and the Importance of Sport Activity Training.
Sica, A, Vitiello, P, Ronchi, A, Casale, B, Calogero, A, Sagnelli, E, Costa Nachtigal, G, Troiani, T, Franco, R, Argenziano, G, et al
International journal of environmental research and public health. 2020;(3)
Abstract
Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (pcALCL) is part of a spectrum of cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disease that also includes lymphomatoid papulosis. It often occurs in elderly patients, presenting at a median age of 60 years, although it may occur at any age. It is a CD30+ T-cell neoplasm composed of large cells with anaplastic, pleomorphic, or immunoblastic morphology, with exclusively cutaneous onset and localization. The clinical course of pcALCL is predominantly indolent. Most elderly patients with lymphoma tend to have a sedentary lifestyle, which has a negative effect on their quality of life (QoL) and survival. Several studies indicate that exercise has a positive impact on QoL because it reduces peak oxygen consumption, improves physical capacity, increases self-esteem, reduces accumulated stress, and promotes relaxation. Therefore, particularly in indolent lymphomas, it is necessary to indicate a program of physical activity to be practiced systematically. Complete surgical excision and local radiotherapy are the first line gold standard in pcALCL with a solitary lesion.