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Superoxide Dismutase, BDNF, and Cognitive Improvement in Drug-Naive First-Episode Patients With Schizophrenia: A 12-Week Longitudinal Study.
Wu, Z, Liu, Q, Zhang, Y, Guan, X, Xiu, M, Zhang, X
The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology. 2022;(2):128-135
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cognitive improvement after antipsychotic agents in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) appears to involve redox regulation through neurotrophins such as brain derived neurotropic factor (BDNF). This study examined whether cognitive improvement was associated with the increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and whether higher levels of BDNF could have a permissive role in allowing SOD to improve cognition. METHODS We examined this hypothesis in 183 drug-naïve first-episode SCZ patients taking risperidone monotherapy for 12 weeks. We measured total copper-zinc SOD (CuZn-SOD), manganese SOD (Mn-SOD), and SOD activities and BDNF levels in these patients and compared their levels with 152 healthy controls. We assessed cognitive functioning and clinical symptoms at baseline and 12-week follow-up. RESULTS After treatment with risperidone, CuZn-SOD activity was significantly increased, and BDNF levels were slightly increased. Increased CuZn-SOD activity was associated with the cognitive effectiveness of risperidone monotherapy. The BDNF levels and SOD activities were correlated at baseline but not after 12-week treatment. Furthermore, baseline CuZn-SOD activity positively correlated with improvement on the delayed memory subscale of the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status only in the high BDNF subgroup. CONCLUSIONS Our longitudinal study suggests that risperidone can enhance SOD activity and that, in combination with higher baseline BDNF levels acting in a permissive role, can improve cognitive impairments in SCZ. Greater baseline CuZn-SOD activity also may have predictive value for cognitive improvement of delayed memory in SCZ patients receiving risperidone treatment.
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β-1,3-glucanase rOle e 9 and MnSOD rAsp f 6 IgE reactivity are the signature of atopic dermatitis in the Mediterranean area.
Scala, E, Abeni, D, Guerra, EC, Pirrotta, L, Locanto, M, Meneguzzi, G, Giani, M, Russo, G, Asero, R
Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2020;(4):487-498
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) represents a chronic skin disorder seriously affecting patients' QoL and is often associated with immunological imbalance, disorders of the skin barrier function and environmental factors. OBJECTIVE We extensively studied the proteomic IgE sensitization profile in a large AD Mediterranean cohort. METHODS A total of 588 individuals with moderate-severe (70.6%) or mild and/or history of (29.4%) AD were evaluated in comparison to 1285 unselected atopic controls (AC) with a history of adverse reactions to foods, allergic rhinitis and/or bronchial asthma by means of ImmunoCAP ISAC112 ® and Allergy Explorer-ALEX® microarray analysis. RESULTS The olive tree pollen β-1,3-glucanase rOle e 9 and the manganese superoxide dismutase from Aspergillus rAsp f 6 were the molecules most significantly associated with AD occurrence and allowed to discriminate among the moderate and severe forms of disease. An IgE hyper-reactivity to cypress, grasses, olive tree, house dust mites (including rDer p 11), and to all cross-reactive components except profilin and polcalcin was observed. About 60% of adults with severe AD were sensitized to nsLTPs. Cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCDs) IgE was found in about one-third of AD participants. Hen eggs nGal d 1 IgE sensitization was more prevalent in the paediatric population, whilst rAsp f 6 and rOle e 9 reactivity was found particularly in older patients. Despite the status of widespread IgE sensitization to both environmental and food allergens, a reduced frequency of patient-reported severe reactions to food or of asthma was observed in AD patients compared to AC, particularly in case of concomitant Ole e 9 reactivity. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Testing IgE reactivity to a large panel of molecular components unveils important associations between IgE reactivity profiles and AD clinical presentation, highlights the allergens useful for a precise AD signature and allows the detection of interesting sensitisations patterns.
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Reduced peripheral blood superoxide dismutase 2 expression in sickle cell disease.
Armenis, I, Kalotychou, V, Tzanetea, R, Moyssakis, I, Anastasopoulou, D, Pantos, C, Konstantopoulos, K, Rombos, I
Annals of hematology. 2019;(7):1561-1572
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD), a hereditary form of chronic hemolytic anemia, is characterized by acute vascular occlusion and chronic complications as pulmonary hypertension (PH), a hallmark of higher mortality. This study aimed to determine peripheral blood expression of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), a major mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme in SCD patients on the mRNA level and compared it with SOD2 expression in healthy individuals. It also aimed to detect possible differences in SOD2 expression among patients with/without specific SCD complications and to detect possible correlations with patient laboratory parameters. SOD2 mRNA levels were significantly lower in SCD patients in comparison with controls and correlated with red blood cell count, reticulocyte count, platelet count, C-reactive protein, ferritin, and brain natriuretic peptide values. SCD patients with echocardiographic indications of PH featured significantly reduced SOD2 expression in comparison with patients without such indications. Consequently, SOD2 expression emerges as a potential biomarker of PH in SCD being a link among hemolysis, inflammation, iron overload, oxidative stress, and SCD cardiopathy.
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Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of antioxidant enzyme system in human population exposed to radiation from mobile towers.
Gulati, S, Yadav, A, Kumar, N, Priya, K, Aggarwal, NK, Gupta, R
Molecular and cellular biochemistry. 2018;(1-2):1-9
Abstract
In the present era, cellular phones have changed the life style of human beings completely and have become an essential part of their lives. The number of cell phones and cell towers are increasing in spite of their disadvantages. These cell towers transmit radiation continuously without any interruption, so people living within 100s of meters from the tower receive 10,000 to 10,000,000 times stronger signal than required for mobile communication. In the present study, we have examined superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity, catalase (CAT) enzyme activity, lipid peroxidation assay, and effect of functional polymorphism of SOD and CAT antioxidant genes against mobile tower-induced oxidative stress in human population. From our results, we have found a significantly lower mean value of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) enzyme activity, catalase (CAT) enzyme activity, and a high value of lipid peroxidation assay in exposed as compared to control subjects. Polymorphisms in antioxidant MnSOD and CAT genes significantly contributed to its phenotype. In the current study, a significant association of genetic polymorphism of antioxidant genes with genetic damage has been observed in human population exposed to radiations emitted from mobile towers.
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The Effect of a Short-Term Exposure to Lead on the Levels of Essential Metal Ions, Selected Proteins Related to Them, and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Humans.
Dobrakowski, M, Boroń, M, Birkner, E, Kasperczyk, A, Chwalińska, E, Lisowska, G, Kasperczyk, S
Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity. 2017;:8763793
Abstract
The present study was designed to explore the possible influence of subacute exposure to lead on the levels of selected essential metals, selected proteins related to them, and oxidative stress parameters in occupationally exposed workers. The study population included 36 males occupationally exposed to lead for 36 to 44 days. Their blood lead level at the beginning of the study was 10.7 ± 7.67 μg/dl and increased to the level of 49.1 ± 14.1 μg/dl at the end of the study. The levels of calcium, magnesium, and zinc increased significantly after lead exposure compared to baseline by 3%, 3%, and 8%, respectively, while the level of copper decreased significantly by 7%. The malondialdehyde (MDA) level and the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) did not change due to lead exposure. However, the level of lipid hydroperoxides (LPH) in serum increased significantly by 46%, while the level of erythrocyte lipofuscin (LPS) decreased by 13%. The serum levels of essential metals are modified by a short-term exposure to lead in occupationally exposed workers. A short-term exposure to lead induces oxidative stress associated with elevated levels of LPH but not MDA.
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Expression and polymorphism (rs4880) of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2) and asparaginase induced hepatotoxicity in adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Alachkar, H, Fulton, N, Sanford, B, Malnassy, G, Mutonga, M, Larson, RA, Bloomfield, CD, Marcucci, G, Nakamura, Y, Stock, W
The pharmacogenomics journal. 2017;(3):274-279
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Abstract
Asparaginase, which depletes asparagine and glutamine, activates amino-acid stress response. Oxidative stress mediated by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes enhanced mitochondrial permeabilization and subsequent cell apoptosis and is considered as a plausible mechanism for drug-induced hepatotoxicity, a common toxicity of asparaginase in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Studies investigating the pharmacogenetics of asparaginase in ALL are limited and focused on asparaginase-induced allergic reaction common in pediatric patients. Here, we sought to determine a potential association between the variant rs4880 in SOD2 gene, a key mitochondrial enzyme that protects cells against ROS, and hepatotoxicity during asparaginase-based therapy in 224 patients enrolled on CALGB-10102, a treatment trial for adults with ALL. We report that the CC genotype of rs4880 is associated with increased hepatotoxicity following asparaginase-based treatment. Thus, rs4880 likely contributes to asparaginase-induced hepatotoxicity, and functional studies investigating this single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) are needed to develop therapeutic approaches that mitigate this toxicity.
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Serum Superoxide Dismutase Is Associated with Vascular Structure and Function in Hypertensive and Diabetic Patients.
Gómez-Marcos, MA, Blázquez-Medela, AM, Gamella-Pozuelo, L, Recio-Rodriguez, JI, García-Ortiz, L, Martínez-Salgado, C
Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity. 2016;:9124676
Abstract
Oxidative stress is associated with cardiac and vascular defects leading to hypertension and atherosclerosis, being superoxide dismutase (SOD) one of the main intracellular antioxidant defence mechanisms. Although several parameters of vascular function and structure have a predictive value for cardiovascular morbidity-mortality in hypertensive patients, there are no studies on the involvement of SOD serum levels with these vascular parameters. Thus, we assessed if SOD serum levels are correlated with parameters of vascular function and structure and with cardiovascular risk in hypertensive and type 2 diabetic patients. We enrolled 255 consecutive hypertensive and diabetic patients and 52 nondiabetic and nonhypertensive controls. SOD levels were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Vascular function and structure were evaluated by pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, ambulatory arterial stiffness index, and carotid intima-media thickness. We detected negative correlations between SOD and pressure wave velocity, peripheral and central augmentation index and ambulatory arterial stiffness index, pulse pressure, and plasma HDL-cholesterol, as well as positive correlations between SOD and plasma uric acid and triglycerides. Our study shows that SOD is a marker of cardiovascular alterations in hypertensive and diabetic patients, since changes in its serum levels are correlated with alterations in vascular structure and function.
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Effects of commonly used antidiabetic drugs on antioxidant enzymes and liver function test markers in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects - pilot study.
Ghadge, A, Harke, S, Khadke, S, Diwan, A, Pankaj, M, Kulkarni, O, Ranjekar, P, Harsulkar, A, Kuvalekar, AA
Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association. 2015;(8):500-7
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study analyzed the effects of antidiabetic drugs on antioxidant enzymes and liver function test (LFT) markers and their association with homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in type 2 diabetic subjects. METHODS We assessed healthy and diabetic subjects (100 each). Diabetic subjects were divided based on treatment with only metformin, metformin in combination with other antidiabetic drugs and insulin in combination with other antidiabetic drugs. LFT markers, antioxidant status and HOMA-IR were assessed in the subjects. RESULTS Superoxide dismutase activity was higher (p<0.01) while catalase activity was lower (p<0.01) in the diabetic subjects as compared to controls. Serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) (p<0.01) and bilirubin (p<0.05) levels were higher in diabetic male subjects while urea (p<0.05) levels were lower and SGPT (p<0.01) levels were higher in diabetic female subjects. In male subjects consuming only metformin, a positive association between HOMA-IR and insulin (p<0.05) was seen. A positive association between HOMA-IR and glucose (p<0.01), insulin (p<0.01), SOD (p<0.01) and SGPT (p<0.05) was seen in males receiving metformin with other drugs. Interestingly, the female subjects on metformin displayed a positive association between HOMA-IR and insulin (p<0.05) only. A positive association of HOMA-IR with glucose (p<0.01) and insulin (p<0.05) was seen in females on metformin in combination with other anti-diabetic drugs. CONCLUSION The alterations in the antioxidant enzyme activities and liver function tests are dependent upon the gender and glycemic status of subjects while the variations in correlations of HOMA-IR with antioxidant enzymes, liver function tests and inflammatory markers are dependent on type of treatments.
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Activity of superoxide dismutase copper/zinc type and prognosis in a cohort of patients with coronary artery disease.
Zengin, E, Sinning, C, Zeller, T, Rupprecht, HJ, Schnabel, RB, Lackner, KJ, Blankenberg, S, Westermann, D, Bickel, C
Biomarkers in medicine. 2015;(6):597-604
Abstract
AIM: Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is important to control reactive oxygen species, but the relevance to human disease like coronary artery disease (CAD) and underlying ischemia/reperfusion injury is not clarified. METHODS For this study, 2239 patients with known CAD were prospectively followed with a median follow-up time period of 3.6 years and a maximum of 6.9 years. During follow-up cardiovascular death was reported in 103 cases. RESULTS SOD activity (log-transformed) was investigated as continuous and categorical variable, showing a significant influence on outcome in the fully adjusted model (p = 0.045). CONCLUSION Increased SOD activity beyond the normal range in the human physiology is related to an adverse outcome in patients with CAD.
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Venous versus arterial iron administration in haemodialysis. Influence on erythrocytes antioxidant parameters.
Dogaru, CB, Capusa, C, Gaman, L, Torac, E, Lixandru, D, Gilca, M, Iosif, L, Muscurel, C, Stoian, I, Mircescu, G, et al
Journal of medicine and life. 2015;(Spec Issue):69-73
Abstract
Introduction Intravenous iron administration in patients treated by haemodialysis for end stage renal disease can exacerbate oxidative stress by increasing the level of free redox active iron. A way to reduce the impact of iron on oxidative stress in haemodialysis patients may be the administration of iron through arterial extracorporeal circuit. Objective The aim of our study was to compare the influence of iron route of administration (venous versus arterial extracorporeal circuit infusion) on antioxidant parameters in red blood cells of haemodialysis patients in order to clarify if arterial iron administration can have positive impacts related to iron induced oxidative stress. Method Twenty stable patients on regular haemodialysis treatment were selected for the study. They were investigated in a cross-over design at 3 mid-week HD sessions, one week apart, without iron [HD basal] and with either IV infusion of 100mg iron sucrose over the first 20 minutes of HD session, via venous line [HDvenous], or the same solution infused on the arterial extracorporeal circulation [HDarterial]. Blood samples were drawn at 0 min, 40 min and 270 min. Erythrocytes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, non-protein thiol levels and total antioxidant capacity (TEAC) were analysed. Conclusion Haemodialysis significantly decreases the total antioxidant activity in erythrocytes. Iron supplementation, through venous or arterial extracorporeal route has no impact on the total antioxidant activity in red blood cells. Venous iron administration increases GPx activity in erythrocytes suggesting increased lipid peroxidation compared with arterial extracorporeal administration.