1.
Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Plant Acclimation to Six Different Long-Term Environmental Changes.
Carrera, DÁ, Oddsson, S, Grossmann, J, Trachsel, C, Streb, S
Plant & cell physiology. 2018;(3):510-526
Abstract
Plants are constantly challenged in their natural environment by a range of changing conditions. We investigated the acclimation processes and adaptive plant responses to various long-term mild changes and compared them directly within one experimental set-up. Arabidopsis thaliana plants were grown in hydroponic culture for 10 d under controlled abiotic stress (15°C, 25°C, salt and osmotic) and in nutrient deficiency (nitrate and phosphate). Plant growth was monitored and proteomic experiments were performed. Resource allocation between tissues altered during the plants' response. The growth patterns and induced changes of the proteomes indicated that the underlying mechanisms of the adaptation processes are highly specific to the respective environmental condition. Our results indicated differential regulation of response to salt and osmotic treatment, while the proteins in the changed temperature regime showed an inverse, temperature-sensitive control. There was a high correlation of protein level between the nutrient-deficient treatments, but the enriched pathways varied greatly. The proteomic analysis also revealed new insights into the regulation of proteins specific to the shoot and the root. Our investigation revealed unique strategies of plant acclimation to the different applied treatments on a physiological and proteome level, and these strategies are quite distinct in tissues below and above ground.
2.
Kinetics of retrograde signalling initiation in the high light response of Arabidopsis thaliana.
Alsharafa, K, Vogel, MO, Oelze, ML, Moore, M, Stingl, N, König, K, Friedman, H, Mueller, MJ, Dietz, KJ
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences. 2014;(1640):20130424
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Abstract
High light acclimation depends on retrograde control of nuclear gene expression. Retrograde regulation uses multiple signalling pathways and thus exploits signal patterns. To maximally challenge the acclimation system, Arabidopsis thaliana plants were either adapted to 8 (low light (L-light)) or 80 µmol quanta m(-2) s(-1) (normal light (N-light)) and subsequently exposed to a 100- and 10-fold light intensity increase, respectively, to high light (H-light, 800 µmol quanta m(-2) s(-1)), for up to 6 h. Both L → H- and N → H-light plants efficiently regulated CO2 assimilation to a constant level without apparent damage and inhibition. This experimental set-up was scrutinized for time-dependent regulation and efficiency of adjustment. Transcriptome profiles revealed that N-light and L-light plants differentially accumulated 2119 transcripts. After 6 h in H-light, only 205 remained differently regulated between the L → H- and N → H-light plants, indicating efficient regulation allowing the plants to reach a similar transcriptome state. Time-dependent analysis of transcripts as markers for signalling pathways, and of metabolites and hormones as possibly involved transmitters, suggests that oxylipins such as oxophytodienoic acid and jasmonic acid, metabolites and redox cues predominantly control the acclimation response, whereas abscisic acid, salicylic acid and auxins play an insignificant or minor role.
3.
A functional comparison of acclimation to shade and submergence in two terrestrial plant species.
Mommer, L, de Kroon, H, Pierik, R, Bögemann, GM, Visser, EJ
The New phytologist. 2005;(1):197-206
Abstract
Terrestrial plants experience multiple stresses when they are submerged, caused both by oxygen deficiency due to reduced gas diffusion in water, and by shade due to high turbidity of the floodwater. It has been suggested that responses to submergence are de facto responses to low light intensity. We investigated the extent to which submergence and shade induce similar acclimation responses by comparing two terrestrial Rumex species that differ in their responses to flooding. Our study confirms that there are strong similarities between acclimation responses to shade and submergence. Petiole length, specific leaf area (SLA), chlorophyll parameters and underwater light-compensation points changed at least qualitatively in the same direction. Maximum underwater photosynthesis rate, however, did discriminate between the functionality of the responses, as the acclimation to submergence appeared to be more effective than acclimation to shade at saturating light. We conclude that acclimation to submergence involves more than an increase in SLA to achieve the significant reduction of diffusion resistance for gas exchange between leaves and the water column.