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Variations on cardiovascular risk factors in metabolic syndrome after consume of a citrus-based juice.
Mulero, J, Bernabé, J, Cerdá, B, García-Viguera, C, Moreno, DA, Albaladejo, MD, Avilés, F, Parra, S, Abellán, J, Zafrilla, P
Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland). 2012;(3):372-7
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Inflammation and oxidative stress plays a critical role in cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome often occurs with these two variables. The aim of the study is to estimate variations on cardiovascular risk factors in Metabolic Syndrome patients after consume of a citrus-based juice compared with control groups. METHODS The study comprised 20 healthy subjects and 33 patients with Metabolic Syndrome. 18 patients consume daily 300 mL of a citrus-based juice during 6 month and 15 patients consume 300 mL of a placebo beverage. The control group consumes a citrus-based juice. Before, at fourth month and at sixth month after treatment the following parameters were determined: lipid profile, oxidized LDL, C-Reactive Protein and Homocysteine. The study was carried out in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration, and the Ethical Committee of the San Antonio Catholic University and approved the protocol (6 November 2006, register number: 1424). RESULTS After six months of citrus-based juice consuming, there is significant differences at 95% confidence in oxidized LDL, C-Reactive Protein, and Homocysteine in Metabolic Syndrome patients who consume citrus-based juice. We have not found significant differences in other groups. CONCLUSIONS Consume of citrus-based juice improve lipid profile and inflammation markers in Metabolic Syndrome patients.
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Effect of the yellow passion fruit peel flour (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa deg.) in insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
de Queiroz, Mdo S, Janebro, DI, da Cunha, MA, Medeiros, Jdos S, Sabaa-Srur, AU, Diniz, Mde F, Dos Santos, SC
Nutrition journal. 2012;:89
Abstract
BACKGROUND A study with the yellow passion fruit peel flour showed positive action in blood glucose control as therapies' adjuvant in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, we evaluated its effect on insulin sensitivity since there is a quest for studies that focus at better understanding of insulin resistance aspects in diabetic patients. Furthermore its relationship with chronic complications can also give good prospects for alternative treatments. METHODS A total of 43 type 2 diabetes volunteers (28 females and 15 males) ingested 30 g/day of the yellow passion fruit peel flour for two months. The levels of blood glucose and fasting insulin, HOMA index and glycated hemoglobin were measured for each patient before and after dietary supplementation. RESULTS There was a significant difference in the fasting blood glucose values (P = 0.000) and glycated hemoglobin (P = 0.032) after supplementation. It was also seen a reduction in HOMA IR (P = 0.005) in the supplemented group, however it was not observed changes in insulin values for females. HOMA beta (P = 0.000) showed significant increase in its values for the studied group. CONCLUSIONS The supplementation used decreased insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients, suggesting a positive action in blood glucose control as adjuvant therapy in conventional treatments.
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3.
Tomato juice intake suppressed serum concentration of 8-oxodG after extensive physical activity.
Harms-Ringdahl, M, Jenssen, D, Haghdoost, S
Nutrition journal. 2012;:29
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA is constantly exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS), spontaneously arising during the normal oxygen metabolism. ROS may result in temporary as well as permanent modifications in various cellular components such as lipids, proteins and DNA, which may have deleterious consequences. Demonstrating that a dietary supplementation of antioxidants can reduce oxidative DNA damage may provide evidence for the value of such supplementation in prevention of cancer and age related diseases. FINDINGS The present study was conducted to address whether tomato juice protects against ROS induced by extensive physical exercise in untrained individuals. As a marker of oxidative stress, serum levels of 8-oxodG were monitored using a modified ELISA. An intervention was performed involving 15 untrained healthy subjects who performed a 20 min physical exercise at 80% of maximum pulse using an ergometer bicycle. Blood samples were taken before and one hour after the exercise. The procedure was repeated after 5 weeks with a daily intake of 150 ml tomato juice and followed by a 5 weeks wash-out period and another 5 weeks with a daily intake of tomato juice. The results indicated that a daily intake of tomato juice, equal to 15 mg lycopene per day, for 5 weeks significantly reduced the serum levels of 8-oxodG after an extensive physical exercise. CONCLUSION These data strongly suggest that tomato juice has a potential antioxidant effect and may reduce the elevated level of ROS induced by oxidative stress.
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Determination of glycemic index value of Naturo fruit bars.
Reddy, KK, Raju, IN, Giriprasad, B, Lakshminarayanan, G, Sekhar, RC, Reddy, CD
The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India. 2009;:748-50
Abstract
AIM AND OBJECTIVE The glycemic response to Naturo fruit bar that is commercially available in India was determined against a glucose sta dard in a non-blind, repeated measure, crossover design trial. METHODS Eleven healthy subjects (mean age 37.3 (SD 5.5) years and mean BMI 213 (SD 36) kg/m2) were recruited to the study. Subjects were given Naturo fruit bar and a standard food (glucose), on separate occasions, each containing 50 grams carbohydrate. Blood glucose was determined after overnight fasting (0 hours) and at 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after the consumption of each test food. For Naturo fruit bar, the glycemic index (GI) value was calculated geometrically by expressing the incremental area under the blood glucose curve (iAUC) as a percentage of each subject's average iAUC for the standard food. RESULTS The GI value of Naturo fruit bar was found to be 38.50. As per the Food and Agriculture Organization, GI cut-off values are as follows: low <55; medium 56-69 inclusive, high >70. Therefore Naturo fruit bar could be classified under low glycemic food/nutrient. CONCLUSION Considering the widespread consumption of fruits/bars in India, this information is valuable for people who prefer to use low glycemic food which offer many beneficial effects because their consumption significantly reduces the GI of the diets of the Indian population.
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Comparison of the antioxidant activities of nine different fruits in human plasma.
Ko, SH, Choi, SW, Ye, SK, Cho, BL, Kim, HS, Chung, MH
Journal of medicinal food. 2005;(1):41-6
Abstract
Oxidative stress in humans is associated with damage to DNA, proteins, and biological membranes. Oxidative stress, which often arises as a result of an imbalance in the human antioxidant status, has been implicated in aging and a number of human diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. This study was performed to test the hypothesis that the consumption of fruit juices may improve antioxidant status in human plasma. Ten healthy men 25-26 years old were recruited for the study. After overnight fasting, study subjects were fed 150 mL of fruit juice, and blood was collected at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after consumption. After a 1-day wash-out period, subjects were fed with the next sample of fruit juice until all nine juices (pear, apple, orange, grape, peach, plum, kiwi, melon, and watermelon) had been evaluated. All juices were prepared from pure fruits ground in a home-style mixer. Dietary food records and anthropometric measurements were used to evaluate the nutritional status of subjects. The antioxidant activities of fruit juices were estimated by measuring antioxidant status in the plasma using dichlorofluorescein (DCF) fluorescence. Except for pear juice, eight kinds of juices exhibited potent antioxidant effects in human plasma. Within 30 minutes after consumption, orange, melon, grape, peach, plum, apple, and kiwi juices already effectively suppressed reactive oxygen species generation. This radical scavenging effect of fruit juices was maintained for up to 90 minutes post-consumption, but the relative DCF fluorescence had rebounded to near the initial levels at 2 hours post-consumption in most samples tested. Interestingly, however, grape juice continuously exerted persistent antioxidant activity until 2 hours after supplementation. These results suggest that the consumption of fruits or fruit juices may reduce damage from oxidative stress, and that this effect may be a consequence of the antioxidant activity of fruits in scavenging the reactive oxygen species generated in human plasma. However, long-term studies with more subjects are needed to provide additional supportive evidence and better characterize the antioxidant properties of natural fruit juices.
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Association between infantile colic and carbohydrate malabsorption from fruit juices in infancy.
Duro, D, Rising, R, Cedillo, M, Lifshitz, F
Pediatrics. 2002;(5):797-805
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether infantile colic (IC) is associated with malabsorption of carbohydrates present in fruit juices. METHODS In this double-blind study, parents of 30 healthy infants (5.1 +/- 0.7 months, 7.4 +/- 1.0 kg, 64 +/- 4 cm) were administered a questionnaire to quantitatively assess IC. Thereafter, they were divided into 2 groups, 16 infants with and 14 without IC. Within each treatment group infants were fed 120 mL (16.3 +/- 2.0 mL/kg) of either white grape (sorbitol-free; 1:1 fructose-to-glucose ratio) or apple (sorbitol 0.5 g/dL; 2.6:1 fructose-to-glucose ratio) juice. Physical activity (PA), energy expenditure (EE), crying, and sleeping times were measured for 0.5 and 3.0 hours before and after juice feeding, respectively, using the Enhanced Metabolic Testing Activity Chamber. Carbohydrate malabsorption was determined by breath hydrogen (BH(2)) gas analysis after juice feedings. Statistical differences between groups were determined by 2-way analysis of variance with the Tukey procedure. RESULTS Infants with IC fed apple juice exhibited carbohydrate malabsorption as shown by increased BH(2) excretion, whereas those without IC absorbed carbohydrates normally when fed this juice. Infants fed apple juice with carbohydrate malabsorption cried more and consequently slept less during the last 1.5 hours of the study. This was associated with increased PA and EE as compared with infants without IC fed apple juice. In contrast, infants fed white grape juice, regardless of IC, showed no increase in BH(2) excretion, PA, and EE. Furthermore, crying and sleeping times were unchanged in infants fed white grape juice regardless of the presence or absence of IC. CONCLUSIONS IC was associated with carbohydrate malabsorption from fruit juices containing sorbitol and a high fructose-to-glucose ratio.