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Ectoine lozenges in the treatment of acute viral pharyngitis: a prospective, active-controlled clinical study.
Dao, VA, Overhagen, S, Bilstein, A, Kolot, C, Sonnemann, U, Mösges, R
European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery. 2019;(3):775-783
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Abstract
PURPOSE Acute pharyngitis is an uncomfortable disorder mostly caused by viruses and for which antibiotics are unwarranted. This study compared lozenges containing ectoine, a natural extremolyte, with hyaluronic acid lozenges and hypertonic saline gargle for symptomatic treatment of acute viral pharyngitis. METHODS This prospective, controlled clinical study, recruited 90 patients with moderate-to-severe pharyngitis symptoms who chose to use either ectoine (n = 35), hyaluronic acid (n = 35), or saline gargle (n = 20). Patients applied their 7-day treatment from the inclusion visit (V1) until the end-of-study visit (V2). Patients' pharyngitis symptoms, general health, general treatment effectiveness and tolerability, and patient compliance were assessed by investigators and patients. RESULTS The sum score for three primary symptoms (pain on swallowing, urge to cough, and hoarseness) decreased by 79.5% (ectoine), 72.2% (hyaluronic acid), and 44.8% (saline gargle). Both lozenges were significantly superior to saline gargle (P < 0.05). Regarding general health improvement, ectoine was significantly superior to saline gargle (72.5% vs. 45.2%, P < 0.05), but hyaluronic acid (63.3%) was not. At V2, 65.7% of patients receiving ectoine reported "very good" general health vs. 48.6% of those receiving hyaluronic acid and 20.0% using saline gargle. Ectoine was significantly superior (P < 0.05) to both hyaluronic acid and saline gargle in terms of tolerability and patient compliance. No patients taking ectoine reported unpleasant sensations while applying their treatment, whereas almost half of patients using hyaluronic acid lozenges and saline gargle did. CONCLUSION Treatment with ectoine lozenges significantly relieves moderate-to-severe symptoms of acute viral pharyngitis and is more effective and tolerable than treatments with hyaluronic acid lozenges and hypertonic saline gargle.
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Intravesical hyaluronic acid and alkalinized lidocaine for the treatment of severe painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis.
Lv, YS, Zhou, HL, Mao, HP, Gao, R, Wang, YD, Xue, XY
International urogynecology journal. 2012;(12):1715-20
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS Intravesical instillation of hyaluronic acid (HA) may restore the integrity of glycosaminoglycan layer in patients with painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis (PBS/IC), and the benefit may be improved with addition of alkalinized lidocaine (AL). METHODS 48 women with severe PBS/IC who failed oral medications were enrolled and divided into one trial and two control groups. The trial group received intravesical 40 mg HA, 10 ml of 2 % lidocaine and 5 ml of 8.4 % sodium bicarbonate on a weekly basis for 8 weeks and then monthly for 4 months with a subsequent follow-up of 24 weeks, while the two control groups received 40 mg HA and mixture of 10 ml of 2 % lidocaine and 5 ml of 8.4%sodium bicarbonate respectively following the same procedure. Response to therapy was evaluated by Global Response Assessment, voids per day, Visual Analogue Scale for pain, frequency and urgency, O'leary-Sant Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index and Problem Index, cystoscopy and bladder capacity. RESULTS Overall 45 patients finished this study protocol. The HA + AL group and the AL group showed significant improvement at week 2 (P < 0.01), while the HA group began to show effect at week 4 (P < 0.01). There was no improvement in the AL group at week 24 and these patients quitted the study without follow up. Contrarily, the HA + AL and HA group kept on improving till the end of the study without significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Intravesical instillation of HA and AL may provide both immediate and sustained relief of symptoms in severe PBS/IC in this preliminary study.