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Supplementation with vitamin B6 reduces side effects in Cambodian women using oral contraception.
Var, C, Keller, S, Tung, R, Freeland, D, Bazzano, AN
Nutrients. 2014;(9):3353-62
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hormonal contraceptives may produce side effects that deter women from their use as a method of family planning. In nutritionally vulnerable populations these effects may be more pronounced due to micronutrient deficiencies and health status. Previous studies have been unable to resolve whether micronutrient supplementation may reduce such side effects. AIM: In a longitudinal study, 1011 women obtaining oral contraception through the public health system in rural Cambodia were allocated to either intervention or control groups, receiving either daily Vitamin B6 supplement or care as usual (without placebo). RESULTS The intervention participants (n = 577) reported fewer side effects in three categories: nausea/no appetite, headache, and depression compared with control group participants (n = 434). CONCLUSION Women taking Vitamin B6 supplement were less likely to report side effects in a nutritionally vulnerable population. Underlying nutrition status should be considered by clinicians and reproductive health policy makers in the context of providing contraceptive services. Further investigation into micronutrient supplementation, particularly with B6, in reproductive-aged women using hormonal contraception should be conducted in other settings to determine the potential for widespread adoption.
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Effect of micronutrient fortified biscuit supplementation on the weight, height and BMI of adolescent girls.
Goyle, A
Collegium antropologicum. 2012;(2):573-9
Abstract
A study was designed to determine the effect of supplementation of biscuits with and without micronutrients on the weight and height of adolescent girls (N=107) in the age group of 10 to 16 years studying in a government school in Jaipur city. Data on weights and heights were collected using standardized techniques. Hundred grams of biscuits furnishing 497 kcal and 11.36 g of protein per day for all working days in a 4 month period was provided to the control group (N=54); and 100 g of biscuits fortified with one RDA levels of vitamin A, iron, folic acid, vitamin C and iodine was provided to the experimental group (N=53). Supplementation with biscuits resulted in significant weight gains of 1.85 kg and 2.00 kg in the control and experimental groups, respectively. As per weight for age, the increments in the normal category was from 27.8% to 40.7% in adolescent girls of the control group and from 34.0% to 45.3% in those of the experimental group. There was statistically significant improvement in the mean BMI, as well as in various grades of chronic energy deficiency, after intervention. In conclusion, intervention with biscuits with and without nutrients resulted in significant improvements in weight gain and BMI.
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A program consisting of a phytonutrient-rich medical food and an elimination diet ameliorated fibromyalgia symptoms and promoted toxic-element detoxification in a pilot trial.
Lamb, JJ, Konda, VR, Quig, DW, Desai, A, Minich, DM, Bouillon, L, Chang, JL, Hsi, A, Lerman, RH, Kornberg, J, et al
Alternative therapies in health and medicine. 2011;(2):36-44
Abstract
BACKGROUND An effective treatment for fibromyalgia (FM) has yet to become available. OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy ofa lifestyle program consisting of a modified elimination diet and a supplemental medical food on clinical symptoms of FM assessed by the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), FibroQuest Symptoms Survey (FibroQuest), Medical Symptoms Questionnaire (MSQ), metallothionein mRNA expression, and urinary toxic element excretion. METHODS Eight women (aged 48-74 years) were enrolled in an 8-week pilot trial employing a sequential design. During the initial 4-week Program A (control), participants consumed a modified US Department of Agriculture food pyramid diet and a rice protein powder supplement that provided basic macronutrient support. During the second 4-week Program B (intervention), participants consumed a modified elimination diet and a phytonutrient-rich medical food. RESULTS Compared to baseline, both programs showed trends toward lower mean FIQ total score, MSQ total score, and FibroQuest total score, FIQ stiffness score, and FibroQuest headaches score. Compared to Program A, Program B resulted in a significant decrease (P< .05) in the FIQpain score and stiffness score. Participants also had better pain tolerance at five tender points during Program B than during Program A. Higher metallothionein mRNA expression was observed during Program B. An increase in creatinine-adjusted mercury excretion and suggestive increase in creatinine-adjusted arsenic excretion were noted when Program B was compared to baseline. Urinary mercury/arsenic concentrations were inversely associated with FIQand FibroQuest scores. CONCLUSIONS Program B was shown to be a safe and efficacious botanically derived medical food treatment program for the amelioration of FM symptoms.
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Chlorella pyrenoidosa supplementation reduces the risk of anemia, proteinuria and edema in pregnant women.
Nakano, S, Takekoshi, H, Nakano, M
Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands). 2010;(1):25-30
Abstract
Pregnancy anemia and pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) are common and potentially dangerous disorder in human pregnancy, and nutritional status of pregnant women is one of the leading causes. Chlorella contains large quantities of folate, vitamin B-12 and iron, and can help improve anemia and hypertensive disorder. Our objective was to investigate the preventive effects of Chlorella supplement on pregnancy anemia and PIH in Japanese pregnant women. A total of 70 pregnant women were placed into the control group (n = 38) or the Chlorella group (n = 32). The subjects in the Chlorella group were supplemented daily from 12th-18th wk of gestation until delivery with 6 g of Chlorella supplement. The proportion of anemic (hemoglobin level < 11 g/dL) subjects in the Chlorella group were significantly lower compared with the control group at the second and third trimesters. Additionally, in the Chlorella group, the incidences of proteinuria and edema, signs of PIH, were significantly lower during the third trimester. These results suggest that Chlorella supplementation significantly reduces the risk of pregnancy associated anemia, proteinuria and edema. Chlorella supplement may be useful as a resource of natural folate, vitamin B-12 and iron for pregnant women.
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Effect of micronutrients on morbidity and duration of hospital stay in childhood pneumonia.
Wahed, MA, Islam, MA, Khondakar, P, Haque, MA
Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ. 2008;(2 Suppl):S77-83
Abstract
A cross-sectional and controlled clinical trial was conducted in under-5 children to compare the effects of supplementation of five micronutrients (vitamin-A, vitamin C, vitamin E, folic acid and zinc) on the morbidity and on the duration of hospital stay in pneumonia. Data were collected from 1150 children. Among them 350 children were excluded for various reasons and finally data from 800 children were analyzed. Among these 800 children 59.00% (475) were male and 41.00% (325) were female. The mean+/-SD age was 6.5+/-5.6 months and 56.25% (450) were infants. The children were divided into two groups-400 in control group and 400 in intervention (case) group. In both the groups, specific treatment was given by ampicillin and gentamycin. In intervention group, five micronutrients were given in 200 children from the day of admission and continued up to discharge. Another 200 children were again divided into 5 sub-groups (40 in each sub-group) and a single micronutrient was given in the same way in each sub-groups. All the subjects were suffering clinically from severe pneumonia and radiologically from bronchopneumonia. Cases and controls were matched by parents' occupation, education level, economic status and family members. All the children were fully vaccinated as per existing EPI schedule of the country, partially breastfed up to six months and after six months weaned by carbohydrate rich diet. All the children were in mild (grade I) PEM according to Gomez's classification. Venous blood was collected for estimation of serum level of five micronutrients from all the samples before starting treatment by standard procedures. The average blood level of all the micronutrients was low. The average duration of hospital staying was 6.75 days in intervention group and 7.75 days in control group (p<0.01). Chest indrawing and fast breathing disappeared earlier in the intervention group (p<0.01) suggesting that supplementation of micronutrients decrease the morbidity and duration of hospital stay of children suffering from pneumonia.
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Growth and micronutrient status in children receiving a fortified complementary food.
Lutter, CK, RodrÃguez, A, Fuenmayor, G, Avila, L, Sempertegui, F, Escobar, J
The Journal of nutrition. 2008;(2):379-88
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Abstract
Linear growth retardation and anemia are the most prevalent nutritional problems in the world; effective interventions are urgently needed. We evaluated Ecuador's National Food Nutrition Program (PANN 2000) that included a micronutrient-fortified complementary food (FCF), Mi Papilla, in poor periurban and rural communities of Ecuador. The program is preventive and targeted to all infants and young children living in poor communities and receiving government health services. We compared dietary intake, micronutrient status, and growth over 11 mo in a cohort of children from the catchment areas of the PANN 2000 with same-age control children in nearby communities eligible to enter the program 1 y later. PANN 2000 children enrolled in the program when they were age 9-14 mo and were age 20-25 mo at the final survey. They consumed significantly more energy, protein, fat, iron, zinc, vitamin A, and calcium than control children because of their FCF consumption. Anemia, 76% in both groups at baseline, fell to 27% in PANN 2000 children but only to 44% in control children (P < 0.001). The odds of being anemic were 58% lower for PANN 2000 children (P = 0.003). The effects on linear growth and weight were limited to children who were older when the program began (12-14 mo) and were significant for weight (interaction with age, 0.38 kg; P = 0.029) and positive but not significant for length (0.66 cm; P = 0.08). An FCF, including ferrous sulfate, delivered through public health services, is highly effective in improving weight and hemoglobin and reducing anemia.