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Influence of exercise training and eating behavior on arterial stiffness in young healthy students.
Sîrbu, E, Buzaș, R, Mihăescu, R, Suceava, I, Lighezan, D
Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. 2015;(13-14):555-60
Abstract
AIM: Increased arterial stiffness is an important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present study was to compare arterial function and other anthropometric parameters in trained vs sedentary, healthy young students. Furthermore, the study explores the relationship between arterial stiffness and eating behavior in these students. METHODS Two groups of healthy university students were recruited for this study. The first group consisted of 10 men and 8 women (mean age: 23.27 ± 3.2 years) with an athletic predisposition. Furthermore, over the course of 6 months this group participated in 60-min training sessions designed as interval training circuits with a frequency of three to five times a week. For comparison, a group of age-matched sedentary students (5 men and 13 women; 24.27 ± 2.6 years) were recruited from the same institution. Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), as well as neck and abdominal circumferences (ABs) were recorded. Arterial tension, heart rate, arterial stiffness measurements were simultaneously determined. Lastly, all students completed a 51-item "Eating Behavior Patterns Questionnaire". RESULTS Age, weight, BMI, AB, and blood pressure were not significantly different between the two groups (p > 0.05). The moderately aerobic trained students showed a significantly lower heart rate, neck circumference, and arterial stiffness as compared with their untrained, sedentary counterparts. Additionally, pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurements were correlated to a lower weight, heart rate, blood pressure, AB, and neck circumference (p < 0.05) found in trained subjects at the end of the 6-month training period. Furthermore, the nutritional habit analysis showed that in the sedentary group, snacking, emotional eating, and cultural/lifestyle behaviors are positively correlated with PWV (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Healthy subjects with higher PWV may benefit from consistent aerobic exercise training to improve arterial stiffness. Our eating behavior study shows that healthy eating may improve vascular function and therefore can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
2.
The association between arterial stiffness and fluid status in peritoneal dialysis patients.
Kocyigit, I, Sipahioglu, MH, Orscelik, O, Unal, A, Celik, A, Abbas, SR, Zhu, F, Tokgoz, B, Dogan, A, Oymak, O, et al
Peritoneal dialysis international : journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis. 2014;(7):781-90
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study our aim was to evaluate the relationship between degree of fluid status and arterial stiffness measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Fluid status was determined by different methods including fluid overload measured by bioimpedance (Body Composition Monitor, BCM), calf normalized resistivity (CNR), plasma N-terminal fragment of B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and extracellular to intracellular water ratio (ECW/ICW). METHODS Sixty PD patients were evaluated. They were stratified into normo- and hypervolemic groups according to their fluid overload (FO). CNR was calculated from resistance at 5 kHz using calf bioimpedance spectroscopy. Arterial stiffness was assessed by PWV. Additionally, all patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography and had levels of NT-proBNP measured. RESULTS PWV was higher in the hypervolemic compared to normovolemic patients (9.99 ± 2.4 m/sec vs 7.48 ± 2.3 m/sec, p < 0.001). Hypervolemic patients had higher NT-proBNP levels (3065 ± 981 pg/mL vs 1095 ± 502 pg/mL, p < 0.001), a higher ratio of ECW/ICW; (0.93 ± 0.11 vs 0.81 ± 0.08, p < 0.001) and lower CNR (13.7 ± 2.4 vs 16.0 ± 3.3 W m(3)/kg(*)10(-2), p = 0.005). NT-pro BNP level, ECW/ICW ratio, relative FO, and left ventricular (LV) mass index were positively and CNR negatively correlated with PWV. Relative FO and CNR independently predicted PWV in multivariate analysis adjusted for age, duration of PD, body mass index and mean arterial pressure. CONCLUSIONS Arterial stiffness is increased in fluid-overloaded PD patients. Our results indicated that fluid status is an independent predictor of PWV.